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87 articles for “Signal to Noise Ratio (S/N) Ratio”
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Polymer-Based Acousto-Optic Ultrasonic Sensor for Non-Destructive Evaluation of Dielectric Insulation
Abstract: A dual-polymer fiber-optic sensor for monitoring partial discharge (PD) activity in high-voltage polymeric insulation is presented in this work for non-destructive evaluation and dielectric testing applications. Dielectric weakness within polymeric insulation leads to partial discharge activity, generating ultrasonic acoustic waves that propagate through the medium. The developed sensing assembly comprises a conical polymer-based horn that gathers and concentrates the ultrasonic acoustic emission energy generated by dielectric weakness, and a single-mode …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 11–24 Read article
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Process Optimization of Spot Welding for Galvanized Automotive Steel Sheets
Abstract: Resistance Spot Welding (RSW) is a pillar of the modern automotive industry with the usage of lightweight and high-strength products at the highest point of demand. The optimum weld quality of galvanized steel sheets which is a material of choice because of its additional corrosion protective property is however not achieved easily. This study is a well-developed data-based solution to designing the RSW process in the most efficient way, providing …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 32–42 Read article
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Machining-Induced Surface Integrity Optimization of High-Carbon Alloy Steel for Enhanced Polymer–Metal Composite Interface Performance
Abstract: The functional performance and structural reliability of polymer–metal hybrid composites are strongly influenced by the surface integrity of metallic substrates used for interfacial bonding and load transfer. In this context, machining-induced surface characteristics play a critical role in determining adhesion behavior, dimensional stability, and mechanical compatibility within composite architectures. The present study investigates the hard turning performance of a newly developed high-carbon alloy steel intended for composite-integrated structural applications, with …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1531–1546 Read article
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A Comprehensive survey of robust image quality metrics for satellite imagery
Abstract: Satellite imagery is essential for applications like environmental monitoring, urban development, precision agriculture, defence surveillance, and disaster response. The reliability of these applications is closely tied to the quality of the captured images, which may be compromised by atmospheric effects, sensor imperfections, compression artifacts, and transmission noise. As a result, accurate image quality assessment (IQA) is essential to ensure trustworthy analysis and informed decision-making in satellite-based systems. The distinctive properties …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 7–20 Read article
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Optimized Receivers for Underwater Visible Light Communication
Abstract: For uses like ocean exploration, environmental monitoring, and underwater data transfer, wireless communication under water is crucial. Conventional acoustic and radio frequency communication methods suffer from low bandwidth, high latency, and severe signal attenuation in underwater environments. With its high data rate and low propagation delay, Visible Light Communication (VLC) provides a promising alternative. In this work, an underwater VLC system is implemented using Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) with intensity …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 22–33 Read article
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Fabrication and Characterization of Hybrid Composites Using Natural Fibers Reinforced in HDPE and Optimization of Injection Moulding Process Parameters to Minimize Shrinkage
Abstract: Materials are crucial for advancing human living standards. Over the past 20 years, composite materials have garnered significant attention owing to their unique properties and applications across various sectors. This study outlines the creation and analysis of a novel series of natural fiber-based composites, which incorporate jute, sisal, and hemp as reinforcements, with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) serving as the matrix, and produced through injection moulding. This study examines the effects …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 556–585 Read article
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Intelligent Electromagnetic Synthesis: An AI-Driven IoT Framework for Adaptive Antenna Design in Missile Navigation
Abstract: The rapid evolution of hypersonic and long-range tactical missile systems necessitates antenna architecture capable of maintaining robust communication links under extreme thermal, mechanical, and signal-jamming environments. Traditional antenna design methodologies often relying on iterative simulation cycles and static optimization are increasingly insufficient for the real-time requirements of modern aerospace navigation. This paper proposes an AI-driven, IoT- integrated framework that facilitates autonomous antenna design and performance optimization. By deploying a distributed …
Published in International Journal of Radio Frequency Innovations · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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Gravitational Wave Astronomy (2015–2026): From Historic Discoveries to Quantum Detection Frontiers
Abstract: Since the landmark detection of GW150914 by the LIGO Scientific Collaboration in 2015, gravitational wave (GW) astronomy has transitioned from a theoretical frontier to a robust observational science. This breakthrough confirmed a major prediction of General Relativity and inaugurated an entirely new method for observing the universe. Over the past decade, continuous upgrades to ground-based interferometers such as LIGO, Virgo Collaboration, and KAGRA have dramatically improved detector sensitivity, enabling the …
Published in International Journal of Universe · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Machine Learning-Based Channel Estimation in 5G, Beyond-5G, and 6G Networks: Recent Advances and Future Directions
Abstract: Accurate channel estimation is one of the most fundamental challenges in modern wireless communication systems. In fifth- generation (5G) New Radio (NR) and emerging sixth-generation (6G) networks, precise knowledge of the wireless channel is essential for achieving reliable data transmission, high spectral efficiency, and low Bit Error Rate (BER). Conventional estimation techniques such as Least Squares (LS) and Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) rely on mathematical channel models and predefined …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Application of Compressive Sensing for Sampling and Reconstruction of MRI Images
Abstract: In recent years, a new theory of compressive sensing has evolved which asserts that super resolved signals and images can be recovered with far fewer samples than that demanded by the Nyquist sampling theorem. It is required that the signal being sensed has a low information-rate meaning that it is sparse in original or some transform domain. Former approaches capture the complete signal and process it to extract the information. …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 42–48 Read article
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Elimination of Noise on ECG Signal Using Adaptive Filter
Abstract: There are various biomedical signals present in the human body, by examining these biomedical signal one can check the health condition of a person who is clinically fit or not. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of them. ECG plays an important role in the primary diagnosis, prognosis and survival analysis of heart diseases. This ECG signal is corrupted by various noises like power line interference, baseline wandering etc. One way to …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 9–15 Read article
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Embedding Dual Watermark in the G-Channel Image Using DCT and 2-D Walsh Code
Abstract: This paper uses two dimensional Walsh coding for blind twofold watermarking algorithm which mixes robust copyright watermark and authentication information into various color images to maintain the copyright ownership of the host images. First watermark i.e. fingerprint image is embedded in the DCT low frequency coefficients of the G-channel image of host image where as the second watermark i.e. mobile phone number is embedded in the DCT block of G-channel …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 27–34 Read article
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Low-light Video Enhancement with SVD-DWT Algorithm for Multimedia Surveillance Network
Abstract: After the outbreak of the global pandemic COVID-19, video surveillance has become an important aspect of multimedia communication in monitoring-based systems, security systems, object tracing etc. However, due to drawbacks like video frame distortion, the quality of the video in surveillance may be affected in some cases. In this work, a video enhancement-based multimedia surveillance network has been developed by using a Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Singular Value Decomposition …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 42–50 Read article
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Enhanced Genetic Algorithm Applied for Image Denoising Problem
Abstract: This research introduces a new approach to restoring an image disrupted by salt and pepper (SPN) noise using a genetic algorithm (GA) at all densities, called Enhanced GA (EGA). The key contribution of the proposed algorithm is to merge the genetic algorithm with imaging approaches that are embedded into the population in order to achieve rapid convergence. The concept is to turn a group of entities into a variety of …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Optimization of MRR and TWR on Electro Discharge Machining using Taguchi based GRA
Abstract: Electro Discharge Machining (EDM) is one of the most effective nonconventional machining processes in order to obtain better finishing quality result. It is vastly used to machine the most complex as well as intricate shapes so as the productivity increases in a very short time interval. The input parameters are; discharge current, voltage and pulse on time. Taguchi L9 orthogonal array is used to find out the Signal to Noise …
Published in Journal of Industrial Safety Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 26–32 Read article
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Parametric Optimization of CNC Wire Cut EDM for Oil Harden Non-Shrinking Steel: A Comparative Study
Abstract: There has been a rapid growth in the development of harder and difficult to machine metals and newly developed alloys. Conventional machining methods are not suitable and uneconomical for such materials, thus development starts for newer concepts in metal machining. It thus plays a major role in the machining of dies, tools, etc., made of tungsten carbide, hard steel, alloys used in the aeronautics industry. It is a great concern …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 44–58 Read article
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Parametric Optimization of TIG Welding Process in Butt Joining of AISI 310 Austenitic Stainless Steel Materials
Abstract: Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding is an arc welding process that uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode to produce the weld. Selection of the levels of the input parameters plays a very significant role in determining the quality of a weld joint. The present study is planned to investigate effects of process parameters: welding current, gas flow rate and arc gap on ultimate tensile strength in TIG welding of austenitic stainless …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 12–19 Read article
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Determining the Effect of Cutting Parameters on Surface Roughness in Turning Process Using the Taguchi Method
Abstract: This study focuses on optimizing turning parameters based on the Taguchi method to minimize surface roughness (Ra). Experiments have been conducted using the L9 orthogonal array in a CNC turning machine. Turning tests are carried out on aluminium alloy AISI 1061 with carbide cutting tools. Each experiment is repeated two times and each test uses a new cutting insert to ensure accurate readings of the surface roughness. The statistical methods …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 17–22 Read article
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Performance Analysis of Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) and Phase Noise in 4G Communication System
Abstract: For telecommunication services the dramatic shift in the market has been made in beginning of 21st century. In these days' communication network the key challenges is to integrate numerous serves, convey the additional data as expeditiously as doable through limited bandwidth and providing high information data rates. For 4G communication systems 3GPP introduced two features Higher Order Modulation and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) in OFDM system but one limiting …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 33–46 Read article
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Reduced Partial Product Booth Multiplier with An Effective Error Compensation Circuit
Abstract: Reduced partial product Booth multiplier is mainly used in multimedia and digital signal processing (DSP) systems. In this paper, design of reduced partial product (constant-width) Booth multiplier is introduced. Here the least significant bit (LSB) of partial product matrix of Booth multiplier is removed and an error compensation function is derived for reducing truncation error. A simple error compensation circuit (SC generator) is also introduced to reduce the computations that …
Published in Trends in Electrical Engineering · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 42–49 Read article