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101 articles for “Direct Synthesis”
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Multiscale Catalytic Strategies for Sustainable Chemical Production: Integrating Computational Catalysis, Process Technology and Biocatalytic Transformations
Abstract: The transition toward sustainable chemical manufacturing requires catalytic technologies capable of maximizing resource efficiency, minimizing greenhouse gas emissions, and enabling the utilization of renewable feedstocks. Recent advances in computational catalysis, process technology, and biocatalytic transformations have created opportunities for the development of integrated catalytic platforms spanning molecular, reactor, and process scales. Density functional theory (DFT), machine learning-assisted catalyst discovery, and multiscale modeling have accelerated the rational design of heterogeneous, homogeneous, …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 27–35 Read article
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Modulation of Receptor Proteins: A Recent Paradigm in Drug Discovery and Target
Abstract: The main aim in drug discovery is to design different ligands those work on specific drug targets. However, various effective drugs work through the modulation of many proteins than single target. Advancement in system biology are establishing a phenotypic strength and a network structure, which suggests that, the excellent selective compounds may be performed less than desired clinical efficacy in comparison to multi-target drugs. In this new appreciation of the …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 14–24 Read article
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Deep Learning Approaches for Nanoplasmonics: Expanding Horizons
Abstract: Deep learning, a subfield of machine learning, has revolutionized various domains by providing powerful tools to process and analyze complex data. In the realm of nanoplasmonics, deep learning techniques have emerged as promising approaches to tackle the challenges associated with large-scaledata analysis, modeling, and optimization of plasmonic systems. This article presents an in-depth exploration of deep learning approaches applied to nanoplasmonics research, focusing on the advances, opportunities, and future directions …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 30–38 Read article
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Remote Sensing and Atmospheric Modelling: Data, Processes, Integration and Future Directions
Abstract: Atmospheric modelling plays a central role in weather forecasting, climate projection, and air quality assessment; however, the availability, accuracy, and representativeness of atmospheric observations fundamentally constrain its reliability. Over the past two decades, rapid advances in remote sensing (RS) have transformed atmospheric observation by providing spatially continuous, multiscale measurements of key atmospheric variables, including aerosols, trace gases, clouds, precipitation, and atmospheric thermodynamic profiles. This review synthesises recent progress in integrating …
Published in International Journal of Atmosphere · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 54–67 Read article
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Predicting Dielectric Constants of Polymers Using Molecular Structural Descriptors and Explainable Machine Learning: A Data-Driven Approach
Abstract: Accurate prediction of dielectric constants in polymeric materials is fundamental to the rational design of advanced electronic components, energy storage capacitors, flexible substrates, and high-frequency communication circuits. Conventional approaches to identifying suitable polymer dielectrics rely on extensive experimental synthesis and characterisation, which are both time-consuming and resource-intensive. In this work, an explainable machine learning framework is developed to predict the dielectric constant of polymers directly from molecular structural descriptors derived …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 297–304 Read article
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Digital PID Chip Design and FPGA Synthesis
Abstract: The industrial applications follows the control operations based on closed loop system due to their stability and controllable desired response. The proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is one the most adopted controller in dynamic control systems. In some industries, specific PID controllers are used for particular control. The PID control is used for early days staring form mechanical and pneumatic designs, and its implantation is based on analog circuits using transistors. There …
Published in Recent Trends in Parallel Computing · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 13–19 Read article
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Copper Sulfide Semiconducting Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Applications: Synthesis Strategies, Mechanisms and Performance – A Review
Abstract: Copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS NPs) have drawn growing attention as a next-generation antibacterial platform, owing to their tunable structural, optical, and catalytic properties. This review consolidates current evidence on CuS NP synthesis, mechanisms, and antibacterial performance, comparing chemical and green synthesis routes alongside the effects of morphology, doping, and surface modification. Mechanistically, CuS NPs act through several overlapping pathways, including reactive oxygen species generation, bacterial membrane disruption, ion release, and …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 · pp. 236–253 Read article
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Green Renewable Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Embedded in a Polymer-Enzyme Composite for Wastewater Treatment in Hail, Saudi Arabia
Abstract: Effective wastewater treatment through green and sustainable approach is one of the primaries concerning issue of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to resolve water scarcity. KSA has witnessed massive industrial development over the last four decades alongwith majorly generate wastewater pollution. Therefore, sustainable wastewater treatment is among primary research goal of KSA and current study is also targeted in this direction. Henceforth, The objective of the present study is …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 297–305 Read article
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Strategic Optimization of CNC Machining in Production Systems: A Managerial Review of Methods, Metrics, and Industry 4.0 Integration
Abstract: Computer numerical control (CNC) machining has significantly influenced modern production systems by enabling higher efficiency, quality, and sustainability. As industrial operations strive for leaner production and strategic competitiveness, optimization of machining parameters—including cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut, and tool path strategies—has emerged as a cornerstone of production planning. This review evaluates the optimization methodologies developed from 2015 to 2025, spanning traditional mathematical models to artificial intelligence (AI)-driven metaheuristic …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 25–30 Read article
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Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Amorphous Carbon Nanotube and MoS2 nanosheets: A Review
Abstract: Recently, carbon nanotube have been showing great interest in the field of nanotechnology for its exceptional physical, electronic properties. The synthesis procedure of crystalline carbon nanotube are immensely tough for which researchers are focused on amorphous carbon nanotube. Furthermore the presence of dangling bonds in amorphous carbon nanotube makes it easily reactable with other nanomaterial to form into nanohybrids. This nanohybrids are quite challengeable to crystalline carbon nanotube in various …
Published in Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications · Vol. 21, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 36–52 Read article
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Planktonic Organisms as Bio-indicators of Pollution in Aquatic Environments
Abstract: Planktonic organisms play a pivotal role in aquatic ecosystems, serving as vital bio indicators of pollution levels. This review offers a thorough exploration of their significance in assessing environmental health in aquatic environments. We delve into the diverse array of planktonic taxa, encompassing phytoplankton, zooplankton, and bacterioplankton, and examine their responses to various pollutants such as nutrient enrichment, chemical contaminants, and microplastics. These organisms exhibit remarkable sensitivity to environmental changes, …
Published in International Journal of Marine Life · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 21–26 Read article
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Bimetallic Catalysis in Renewable Energy Applications: A Review
Abstract: The transition to renewable energy sources necessitates innovative catalytic solutions to improve efficiency and sustainability. Bimetallic catalysis, leveraging the synergistic effects of two distinct metals, has emerged as a promising strategy in various renewable energy applications. This review explores the unique properties and mechanisms of bimetallic catalysts, highlighting their roles in biomass conversion, hydrogen production, and CO2 reduction. We delve into the interplay of electronic and geometric effects in these …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 25–29 Read article
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Ameliorating Effect of Vitamin C on Acid Orange 7 Induced Oxidative Stress in the Gill of the Fish, Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792)
Abstract: Acid orange 7, an azo dye, was exposed to Anabas testudineus at a sublethal concentration (0.27 g/l) for 24, 72 and 96 h in order to evaluate the antioxidant status in the gill tissue. In addition, vitamin C at 0.55 g/l was exposed for 7 days after the dye exposure. Acid orange 7 decreased the body weight of fish, whereas mucous deposition increased significantly as the first line of defensive …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 15–27 Read article
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The Role of Natural Products in Antiviral Drug Discovery: Insights into Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential
Abstract: Drug discovery has always relied heavily on natural sources, especially when it comes to creating antiviral medications. This review explores the therapeutic potential of various natural products, including plant extracts, marine compounds, and microbial metabolites, in the fight against viral infections. We examine the mechanisms of action by which these natural compounds exert their antiviral effects, including direct inhibition of viral replication, modulation of host immune responses, and interference with …
Published in International Journal of Virus Studies · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 36–47 Read article
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Green Chemistry Techniques used in The synthesis of Organic and Biochemical Compounds
Abstract: Green chemistry is closely related to “the design of chemical products and processes that specifically eliminate the use or generation of substances that are hazardous to humans, animals, plants, and the environment.” Green chemistry contains 12 principles that guide how a chemical is produced and used in a green and sustainable way, reducing pollution. Sustainable chemistry is a scientific concept that seeks to improve the efficiency with which natural resources …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 01–9 Read article
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Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticle by Self Assembly Method and Catalytic Application
Abstract: Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE Iron oxide nanoparticle is a kind of novel functional material, which has been used in biotechnology and catalysis. In this study, the iron oxide nanoparticle was synthesized by self-assembly method and characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM and AFM analyses. The synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles were used for the catalytic degradation of a synthetic dye, Direct Red 7 (DR7). Iron oxide nanoparticles with …
Published in Journal of Modern Chemistry & Chemical Technology · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2011 · pp. 16–23 Read article
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Synthesis and Spectral Characterization of Complexes Tin(II) With 4-Nitrophenol
Abstract: Tin(II)4-nitrophenoxide complexes with the formulas SnCl(OC₆H₄NO₂-4) and Sn(OC₆H₄NO₂-4)₂ were prepared through the reaction of stannous chloride (SnCl₂) with 4-nitrophenol (HOC₆H₄NO₂-4) in 1:1 and 1:2 molar ratios, respectively. The reaction was performed in tetrahydrofuran (THF) with diethylamine serving as the base. The resulting compounds were characterized through elemental analysis, determination of molecular weight, molar conductance measurements, and spectroscopic methods including IR and ¹H NMR spectroscopy. Current investigations are directed toward assessing …
Published in International Journal of Advance in Molecular Engineering · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 22–26 Read article
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Effect of Anodization Process Parameters on Morphology of Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide and Carbon Nanotubes Grown by CVD
Abstract: Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE Synthesis of well-ordered carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be achieved by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of a carbon source onto a porous anodic aluminum oxide (PAAO) template. The structure of the PAAO template or film is a close-packed array of hexagonal cells, each containing a cylindrical central pore that is perpendicular to the surface of the underlying aluminum substrate. The diameter, depth and …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 1, Issue 3, 2011 · pp. 1–16 Read article
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The Global and Regional Challenge of Pan-Antibiotic Resistance: A Review of Emerging Threats and Mechanisms
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the major and most intricate threats to the health of the 21st century as it is core to the undermined expertise of the common clinical practice and public health security worldwide. The problem is characterized by the extensive development of bacterial pathogens into extremely drug-resistant (XDR) and pan-drug-resistant (PDR) so- called superbugs faster than it can be done with therapeutics. It is a synthesis …
Published in International Journal of Antibiotics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 28–37 Read article
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Role of Endogenous and Exogenous Glutathione in the Detoxification of Free Radicals
Abstract: The aging process and disease progression are the result of cellular damage by free radicals. Our first lines of defense against free radical damage are the antioxidants. They are critical for keeping optimal health and wellbeing. The need for antioxidants becomes more critical with increased exposure to free radicals. Pollution, drugs, cigarette smoke, illness, stress, and even exercise can increase free radical exposure. The accumulation of free radicals produced from …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 1–14 Read article