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603 articles for “bit-banged PWM”
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An Analysis of Optical Transmission System using Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) with Power Optimization and Dispersion Compensation
Abstract: AbstractThe Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) is a low cost filter for wavelength selection and also has low insertion loss. We know that Dispersion Compensation (DC) and Power Optimization (PO) are one of the most important parameters of the optical communication system. In this proposed communication model, dispersion compensation has been achieved and also we optimized almost same power at the receiver end, also we have calculated output power for different …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Review on Optimization of Wireless Optical Communication System
Abstract: AbstractWireless optical communication [WOC] is a recently emerging field, which gives solution for the drawbacks of radio and microwave communication issues. Optical fiber communication has already developed and accepted by its high performance such as high data capacity, speed etc. But WOC experiences atmospheric turbulence problems and distant dependent path loss. And scintillation and aerosol particles (rain, haze, fog and drizzle) bring this major challenge for the WOC system by …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 9–19 Read article
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Analysis of M-ary Signaling for Weak Turbulence Regime in FSO Communication System
Abstract: Abstract: The need for high data rate LOS communication is accomplished using the Free Space Optical communication. Being a very cost-effective approach, it contributes to the easy set-up and deployment of point to point terrestrial link. It transmits the light signal in free space channel (air, vacuum etc.) using LASERs or LEDs and received via photodetector. In this paper, the channel is modelled using Lognormal turbulence model. This channel model …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 24–31 Read article
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Simulation of Wavelength Division Multiplexing Based Fiber Optic Link by Using Different Types of Dispersion Compensating Fiber
Abstract: Wavelength division multiplexing multiplies various optical signals on a single optical fiber by using different wavelengths of laser light at the transmitter end and demultiplex them into multiple optical signal at the receiver end . We want to improve overall system performance and reduced as much as possible the transmission performance influenced by the dispersion, several dispersion compensation technologies are involved. In this paper we have studied the WDM based …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 19–24 Read article
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Adaptive Linear Gabor Response Pattern for Palm-print Recognition
Abstract: The advancement of the information society has increased the demand for secure identity systems in a wide range of applications, including financial transactions, forensics, border control, computer security, and law enforcement. Biometrics is an alternative method for accurate and trustworthy authentication in a highly networked society. It is the science of using behavioural (gait, keystroke, signature, etc.) and physiological (face, ear, finger, palmprint, DNA etc.) attributes to validate an individual's …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Influence of Blending Technique on Surface Free Energy of Modified Asphalt Cement
Abstract: AbstractThe processing technique of modified asphalt cement in the laboratory is adopted by heating the asphalt cement in an oven to the required mixing temperature; then the additive is added and mixed for a target mixing time. It was felt that such technique allows more volatiles to evaporate and required high mixing temperature. In this work, asphalt cement of 44 penetration grade was gained from Dora refinery, south west of …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 22–31 Read article
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Innovative Risk Aperture Manipulation Model for Risk Management in Mega Project Construction
Abstract: The complexities associated with the technical, managerial and financial interventions in mega project implementation accommodates greater risks, encapsulating the complete project period from inception to closure. Consideration of risks in mega project scope is of paramount importance as it delineates either threat or opportunity in the guise of uncertainty at each and every phase of the project. The absence of innovative and rigorous risk management structure imparts a perplexing scenario …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 11–24 Read article
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Experimental Investigation on Utilization of Blast Furnace Slag as Fine Aggregate in Pavement Concrete
Abstract: Concrete is the second largest consumed material by human kind in the world. In this modern era, cement concrete pavements are in demand as compared to bituminous pavements in highway projects. In the recent time, under ages of green technology, the waste utilization in production of concrete especially for pavements is major concern of study. Blast furnace slag is one of the major wastes produced from steel processing plants around …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 58–64 Read article
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Effect of the Position of Geotextile on the Performance Parameters of the Flexible Pavement
Abstract: The major deterioration of the flexible pavement is due to the combined effect of fatigue cracking caused by excessive horizontal strain at the bottom of the bituminous layer and rutting deformation caused by excessive vertical strain at the top of subgrade layer. For designing the flexible pavement, it is necessary to determine the minimum thickness of the road crust, required to withstand the expected fatigue life and rutting life. The …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 65–75 Read article
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A Study on FWD Deflection Bowl Parameters for Structural Evaluation of Flexible Pavement
Abstract: The application of falling weight deflectometer is to evaluate structural condition of the pavement. The exercise of back calculation is required to identify the modulus of elasticity of existing in service pavement. The process of back calculation required in depth field experience for the input of range of modulus of elasticity of bituminous, granular and subgrade layer, and its required number of trials to find such matching moduli with the …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 48–55 Read article
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A Study on FWD Deflection Bowl Parameters for Structural Evaluation of Flexible Pavement
Abstract: The application of falling weight deflectometer (FWD) is to evaluate structural condition of the pavement. The exercise of backcalculation is required to identify the modulus of elasticity of existing in service pavement. The process of backcalculation required in depth field experience for the input of range of modulus of elasticity of bituminous, granular and subgrade layer, and its required number of trial to find such matching moduli with the observed …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Trapeza Intelligence: Transforming the Information
Abstract: ABSTRACTInformation is the heart of every business. For effective decision making, information management is required so that pertinent information is available from time to time. Nowadays, the banking and financial service industry is rapidly changing due to the factors like globalization, mergers and acquisitions and technological innovations. With information pouring into the organization, banks are constantly challenged to turn vast data stores into actionable insight. This can be achieved with …
Published in Current Trends in Information Technology · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2012 · pp. 29–37 Read article
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A Review of Digital Image Watermarking Techniques for Secure Data Transmission
Abstract: AbstractNowadays, a chief problem encountered by content providers and owners is the protection of their material. The ease by which digital information can be duplicated and distributed has led to the need for effective copyright protection tools. Recently digital watermarking technology has emerged as an effective solution for protecting the digital content from unauthorized copying. With its area of application coexisting in all three forms of media, i.e., image, music …
Published in Current Trends in Information Technology · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2013 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Review of Adaptive Modulation Recognition Techniques
Abstract: ABSTRACT Rising development in software defined radio (SDR) systems has led to rapid development in adaptive modulation recognition (AMR) techniques. Different order modulations combined with different coding schemes allow sending more bits per symbol, thus achieving higher throughputs and better spectral efficiencies by the use of AMR. The aim of this paper is to study various AMR techniques and compare their advantages and disadvantages to find the most efficient and …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2012 · pp. 33–42 Read article
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Improvement of BER in Wavelet Transform-based OFDM System with Kalman Filter
Abstract: AbstractWe know that bandwidth is the most precious commodity in all communication systems such as 2G, 3G and 4G. Each service provider is now searching how to accommodate a large number of users within a limited allocated bandwidth, In order to increase the data rate of wireless medium with higher performance, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is chosen. In this paper, the bit error rate analysis (BER) of discrete wavelet …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 21–28 Read article
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Performance Analysis of Wireless Propagation Model to Improve Signal Strength and BER for Wireless Mobile Network
Abstract: AbstractWhenever we setup a network, environment properties such as fading, scattering etc. plays a very important role in choosing spectrum and method of propagation. The spectrum deals with frequency range suitable for communication in a particular environment, and the propagation method deal with channel selection, channel sensing and to perform quality communication throughout the network. To achieve quality output from the network, it is necessary to define network under different …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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BER Analysis of STBC MIMO-OFDM with ICI Cancellation
Abstract: AbstractSpace Time Block Code (STBC) Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has been considered as the best technology for upcoming wireless communication systems because of its capability to transmit large data rates. But the given systems suffer from various major problems; like Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO), timing offset carrier phase noise and Intersymbol Interference (ISI) issues. In this research work, the carrier frequency offset has been …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Capacity and BER Performance Analysis of Single Cell Massive MIMO with Various Precoding Techniques
Abstract: AbstractMassive Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO) is one of the promising technologies which will facilitate the 5th generation wireless communication system (5G) in the near future. It also goes by other names such as, large MIMO, hyper MIMO, full-dimension MIMO and ARGOS. In this technology the Base Station is incorporated with a large number of transmitting antennas (e.g., Hundreds, thousands). A large number of antenna help to focus the energy …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 1–14 Read article
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Performance Analysis of DWT Based OFDM System using SRRC Filter in Mobile Wimax over Fading Environment
Abstract: AbstractWavelets amid its capability to provide simultaneous information in both time and frequency domain, along with minimization of interference and improved bandwidth efficiency, is considered broadly as an efficient approach to replace fast Fourier transform (FFT) in the conventional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Efficient filter pulses are employed spectrally in such systems in order to mitigate the effect of inter-symbol interference (ISI) as well as satisfy the bandwidth …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Remote Village Electrification Through Renewable Solar Energy
Abstract: AbstractCost of electricity increasing every year by 15-20% . More than 300 million people in India don’t have electricity access due to lack of infrastructure and Geographical condition. Our country is facing shortage of coal and conventional sources of energy is going to by 2025. Sun is non ending source of green clean & independent energy that can be availed for very long time with minimum expense.The cost of generating …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 60–63 Read article