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811 articles for “Design-Down Approach”
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A Generative AI Paradigm for a Global Crisis: Redesigning the Sanitary Pad Polymer Lifecycle for Environmental and Public Health in India
Abstract: The sale of disposable sanitary pads, most of which contain non-biodegradable polymers, especially polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and superabsorbent polyacrylates (SAPs), has led to a souring environmental and population health crisis, especially in India. A linear economic approach of take-make-dispose has resulted in the exponential growth of polymer waste that fully blocks drains, leads to microplastic pollution, and overloads insufficient waste management facilities. Traditional polymers are designed to be permanent …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1570–1591 Read article
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Country Cluster Visualization Based on Agricultural Imports: Unsupervised Learning Approach
Abstract: The clustering algorithm used in this analysis makes it easier for policymakers to understand performance metrics. K-means clustering has been demonstrated to be a tool for analyzing countries' agricultural imports and a visualization tool for interpreting the results in this study. Authors have used agricultural imports from 190 nations from Knoema, a web-based open data platform. Cereals, meat, and coffee imports from 190 nations in 2016 are included in the …
Published in Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research & Advances · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Innovations in Mineral Science and Engineering for Sustainable Resource Development
Abstract: The growing global demand for mineral resources, coupled with increasing environmental and social concerns, has intensified the need for sustainable approaches in mineral science and engineering. Traditional mining and mineral processing practices, while essential for industrial development, are often associated with high energy consumption, resource depletion, and environmental degradation. In response, recent innovations in mineral science and engineering have focused on improving resource efficiency, minimizing environmental impact, and ensuring long-term …
Published in International Journal of Minerals · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 31–36 Read article
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Hydroponics and Aeroponics in Modern Horticulture: A Review of System Designs and Benefits
Abstract: The quest for efficient and sustainable farming methods around the world has prompted the growing use of soilless cultivation methods like hydroponics and aeroponics. As traditional farming methods face challenges like soil degradation, water scarcity, and climate change, these advanced systems provide viable alternatives that maximize productivity while minimizing resource usage. Hydroponics and aeroponics enable precise control over nutrient delivery, water consumption, and environmental conditions, making them highly efficient solutions …
Published in International Journal of Trends in Horticulture · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 18–22 Read article
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Thermodynamic Optimization and Exergy-Based Performance Analysis of Hybrid Thermal Management Systems for Electric Vehicles
Abstract: The transition toward sustainable transportation has brought electric vehicles (EVs) to the forefront of modern engineering innovation. Despite their environmental benefits and improved energy efficiency, EVs face major thermal challenges that affect performance, safety, and durability. Efficient thermal management of batteries, power electronics, and electric drive systems is vital to ensure reliability under diverse operating conditions. This study presents a detailed thermodynamic optimization and exergy-based performance analysis of hybrid thermal …
Published in International Journal of Energy and Thermal Applications · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 19–23 Read article
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VHDL Programming for Secure Bootloaders in IoT Security
Abstract: The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has brought unparalleled connectivity and convenience. However, this increased connectivity comes with a heightened risk of security vulnerabilities. One of the most critical areas for securing IoT devices is the bootloader, the software responsible for initializing the device and loading the operating system. A compromised bootloader can lead to a complete takeover of the device, making it a prime target for malicious …
Published in International Journal of VLSI Circuit Design & Technology · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 19–28 Read article
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Optimized Utilization of Kota Stone Slurry Waste in Fly Ash–Based Geopolymer Mortar: A Taguchi-Driven Approach
Abstract: The large-scale generation of stone-processing wastes presents a critical sustainability challenge and an opportunity for value-added reuse in construction materials. This study develops a high-performance fly ash geopolymer mortar by partially replacing Class F fly ash with Kota stone slurry waste (KSSW) and optimizing the key mix parameters using a Taguchi design framework. Five governing factors—binder replacement level, NaOH molarity, sodium silicate–to–sodium hydroxide ratio (SS/SH), curing temperature, and alkaline solution-to-binder …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 426–445 Read article
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Intersection Safety in Urban Environments: A Review of Risk Factors and Crash Patterns
Abstract: Urban intersections are critical points of interaction between multiple road users, including cars, buses, two-wheelers, cyclists, and pedestrians. As cities continue to expand rapidly, the density and complexity of traffic at intersections increase, making them among the most dangerous segments of the roadway network. Numerous studies show that intersections account for nearly half of all urban road crashes, making them central to safety research and planning. This review paper synthesizes …
Published in Journal of Industrial Safety Engineering · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 31–35 Read article
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Investigations of Mechanical Testing and its Effects on Lithium Ion Battery and Battery Pack for Electric Vehicle Application
Abstract: This research delves into the comprehensive study of mechanical testing methodologies and their consequential impact on the structural integrity, safety, and performance of Lithium-Ion batteries (Li-ion) and battery packs designed for electric vehicle (EV) applications. The investigation aims to enhance the understanding of mechanical stressors' influence on the reliability and safety of energy storage systems crucial for the sustainable advancement of electric mobility. The paper opens with mechanical testing protocols …
Published in International Journal of Fracture Mechanics and Damage Science · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 35–49 Read article
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Polymer Nanocomposites and Functional Materials for Lithium-Ion Battery Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage Systems: Materials, Interfaces, and Performance Perspectives
Abstract: The growing need for high-performance energy storage solutions in electric vehicles, renewable energy applications, portable electronics, and other sectors has accelerated research and development efforts in Lithium-Ion Battery–Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage Systems (HESS). By combining the high energy density of lithium-ion batteries with the high power density and fast charge/discharge characteristics of supercapacitors, HESS offers a promising approach to meeting diverse energy storage requirements. Nevertheless, several critical challenges remain that …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 · pp. 96–113 Read article
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CFD Analysis: Double Pipe Heat Exchanger, Latent Heat Storage, and BIM-CFD Integration
Abstract: This is a review work covering four research papers. Heat exchangers transport thermal energy across fluids; research in SolidWorks 2014 compared flow simulation to the effectiveness-NTU approach. Slow PCM charging/discharging is a global concern in latent heat storage; research on the influence of flow rate and temperature on melting and solidification durations discovered efficiency in a triple tube heat exchanger design. Advances in computational fluid dynamics for forecasting separated flows …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Machine Analysis and Design · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 19–24 Read article
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An Experimental Study on Multi-Criteria Parameters Optimization of Process for Al6351/SiC/Gr Metal Matrix Composites Using AHP-TOPSIS Approach
Abstract: This research focuses on optimizing the process parameters of Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) for a hybrid Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) comprising Al6351 aluminum alloy reinforced with 4% SiC and 6% graphite (Gr), fabricated via squeeze casting. This technique enables the formation of dense, defect-free composites with uniform reinforcement distribution, enhancing both mechanical properties and structural integrity. Microstructural characterization using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) confirmed the even dispersion and bonding …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 5, 2025 · pp. 303–319 Read article
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Design and Development of Screw Detection System : A case study
Abstract: This study explores the design of a vision-based screw detection and orientation system for industrial automation, inspection, and robot disassembly. By integrating machine learning algorithms like region-based convolutional neural networks (R-CNN) with traditional image processing and impedance sensing, the system performs real-time screw presence detection, head type identification, and alignment. Three key technologies—deep learning classification, edge-based geometric analysis, and impedance verification—are integrated into a single modular system. The findings indicate …
Published in International Journal of Advanced Robotics and Automation Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 30–36 Read article
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Mario Ai Model Using Gaming Reinforcement Learning
Abstract: It is essential for research on computational and/or artificial intelligence (CI/AI) applied to games to have relevant games to apply AI algorithms to. This is pertinent. It doesn't matter if one is studying how to use CI/AI techniques to test and improve AI (e.g., games provide challenging yet scalable problems which engage many central aspects of human cognitive capacity) or how to use CI/AI techniques to improve games (e.g., player …
Published in Journal of Instrumentation Technology & Innovations · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Study of Efficient HVDC Boost Converters: Design Challenges and Solutions
Abstract: The boost converter is a fundamental circuit topology in power electronics, widely used for voltage step-up applications. This article explores the design principles, operational characteristics, and performance analysis of boost converters. It delves into key components such as the power switch, inductor, capacitor, and control circuitry, elucidating their roles in achieving efficient voltage conversion. The use of a high voltage direct current (HVDC) boost converter for bug zapper purposes is …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 42–48 Read article
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Electromagnetic Propulsion Train for Future Transportation
Abstract: The Electromagnetic Propulsion Train project focuses on the development and analysis of a prototype system that achieves linear motion through the application of controlled electromagnetic forces. Unlike conventional railway systems that rely primarily on mechanical drive mechanisms such as wheels, axles, and traction motors, this project explores an alternative propulsion approach based on electromagnetic interaction. In this system, a sequence of electromagnets is strategically positioned along the track to generate …
Published in International Journal of Electro-Mechanics and Material Behaviour · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 25–31 Read article
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Ayurveda as a Medium of Healing: A Critical Review of Classical Concepts and Modern Evidence
Abstract: Ayurveda, recognized as one of the world’s oldest holistic healing systems, has its origins in India over 5,000 years ago. Rooted in a philosophy that views health as a harmonious balance of body, mind, and spirit, Ayurveda offers a comprehensive and individualized approach to wellness. This traditional system of medicine is grounded in the concept of the Tridosha Vata, Pitta, and Kapha representing the fundamental bio-energetic forces governing physiological and …
Published in Journal of AYUSH: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 40–44 Read article
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The Tapper Approach: An Integrated Framework for Land Degradation, Restoration, and Climate-Conflict Dynamics
Abstract: Land systems across the globe are increasingly exposed to multiple and interacting pressures, including land degradation, climate change, biodiversity loss, unsustainable land-use practices, rapid population growth, and socio-economic conflicts. These challenges not only reduce ecosystem productivity and resilience but also threaten food security, water availability, rural livelihoods, and long-term environmental sustainability. Despite the growing recognition of these interconnected issues, most existing conceptual and analytical frameworks continue to address them in …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Ecology · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Divorced Women Attitudes Towards Remarriage: A Qualitative Approach
Abstract: The current study aimed to investigate the attitudes of divorced women regarding remarriage and to comprehend the diverse factors that shape their viewpoints. The research population comprised divorced women, and a purposive sampling method was employed to select participants. Data were collected from ten divorced women through semi-structured interviews, allowing for in-depth exploration of personal experiences and viewpoints. A qualitative research design was adopted to capture the complexity of individual …
Published in International Journal of Behavioral Sciences · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–14 Read article
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Predictive Modeling of Polymer Composites for Medical Implants Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques
Abstract: The use of polymers in biomaterials was now key to designing the next generation of medical implants, which need to be strong and also compatible with living tissue. Tests for biocompatibility, such as those done in the laboratory and by doing experiments on animals, require much time and many resources, so the need for computer-based approaches becomes clear. An artificial intelligence approach was provided in this study to determine how …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 665–692 Read article