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576 articles for “Carbonation”
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Exploring Sustainable Alternatives: Liquid Wood Packaging for Ecofriendly Food Packaging
Abstract: In the modern era, environmental problems are increasing due to various reasons. Food packaging is one of the reasons why environmental problems take place. The present research paper delved into the potential of liquid wood as an innovative and ecofriendly alternative for chips and snack wrappers. Cellulose, hemp, flax, and lignin—substances once largely used for the creation of paper—are blended to create liquid wood. Many of the plastic-based products we …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Food Science & Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 40–45 Read article
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Micro Level Mobility Intervention in Urban Spatial Structure in Reducing GHG Emissions: A Case of The City of Lucknow, Prayagraj and Varanasi
Abstract: In contemporary times, the Greenhouse Effect has emerged as a paramount concern in urban areas. With India undergoing rapid urbanization, cities are witnessing soaring temperatures. Greenhouse gas emissions are one of the main causes of the Greenhouse Effect. India stands among the highest emitters of GHGs, primarily stemming from the energy sector, particularly in electricity generation. The period from 2005 to 2018 saw a noteworthy surge in India's emissions, largely …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 25–33 Read article
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Exploration of Copper Oxide PVA/PEG Paraffin Polymer Composites for Enhanced Thermal Performance of Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Materials and Their Environmental Impact
Abstract: This study investigates the synthesis, characterization, and application of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles integrated into polymer-based paraffin wax composites for advanced thermal management applications. CuO nanoparticles were synthesized using a wet chemical approach and characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS), confirming their crystalline structure, morphology, and nanoscale size distribution. The synthesized nanoparticles were incorporated into polymer-supported phase change …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 156–173 Read article
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Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene-Based Hydroxyapatite Using Hydrothermal Method for Its Biomedical Application
Abstract: Developing bone implant materials that combine biological compatibility with mechanical strength remains a major challenge in orthopedic research. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) closely mimics bone mineral and supports cell growth, but its brittleness limits load-bearing applications. To address this, a quaternary nanocomposite of hydroxyapatite (HAp), graphene (Gr), zirconia (ZrO2), and ferrocene (Fc) (Hap-Gr-ZrO₂-Fc) was synthesized through a one-step hydrothermal process. Graphene and zirconia provided reinforcement, while ferrocene contributed structural stability and carbon …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 120–135 Read article
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Future Challenges of Photocatalytic Water Splitting: Sustainability
Abstract: Photocatalytic water splitting has emerged as a promising technology for sustainable hydrogen production through the direct utilization of solar energy. This process mimics natural photosynthesis, using semiconductor materials to absorb light and drive the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen. The method provides a sustainable and eco-friendly solution to the global energy challenge by enabling the reduction of carbon emissions. Among various solar-to-chemical energy conversion approaches, photocatalytic water splitting …
Published in International Journal of Photochemistry and Photochemical Research · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 43–48 Read article
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Studying the Effectiveness of Solar Thermal Collectors Using Nanofluid
Abstract: Energy plays a crucial role in the technological growth that humanity is now experiencing. However, new avenues for energy generation and consumption have also been made possible by this advancement in science and technology. Another major factor driving up energy needs is an increase in population density. Carbon footprints are being left on the environment by fossil fuels, which are running out more quickly. Dependence on renewable energy sources, which …
Published in Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics · Vol. 16, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 35–41 Read article
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Temporal Shifts in Forage Quality: Stage of Maturity, Biomass Yield, Performance Matrix, and Ecosystem Responses
Abstract: Forage quality is a key determinant of livestock productivity and environmental sustainability, with its dynamics closely linked to the stage of maturity, biomass yield, and broader ecosystem interactions. This study explores the temporal shifts in forage quality throughout its growth cycle, emphasizing the effects of maturity on nutrient composition, digestibility, and overall biomass yield. The relationship between these factors and their impact on animal performance, including milk yield, growth, and …
Published in International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecule Research · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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User Review-Driven Recommendation Model for E-Scooter Selection
Abstract: In the era of rising environmental awareness and the growing emphasis on sustainable mobility practices, electric scooters (e-scooters) have gained significant popularity as an efficient and eco-friendly alternative to conventional modes of transport. Their ability to reduce carbon emissions, minimize traffic congestion, and offer cost-effective commuting solutions has made them highly attractive, particularly in urban environments. However, with the rapid expansion of the e-scooter market, consumers are faced with an …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 6–16 Read article
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Comparative Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Fibre-Reinforced Composites: Mechanical Properties, Processing, and Sustainability Considerations
Abstract: The development of fibre-reinforced composites has significantly advanced engineering applications due to their excellent strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and versatility. Synthetic fibres such as glass and carbon provide superior mechanical performance, but their production is energy-intensive and environmentally harmful. Natural fibres, including jute, flax, banana, and hemp, offer biodegradability, lower cost, and sustainability benefits, though they often fall short in strength and durability. Hybrid composites frequently demonstrate improved performance by …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 77–95 Read article
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Study of a Mist Enhanced Evaporative Cooler
Abstract: Comfort air conditioning through vapour-compression refrigeration is commonly used and is the energy-intensive system. That to split air conditioning system is being employed to create cooling in closed spaces which lag in fresh air supply leading to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the cooled space. This is of very much concern towards to maintain indoor air quality. Evaporative Cooling (or Desert Cooling) concept is also a known phenomenon …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 1–13 Read article
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AI-Based Intelligent Traffic Signal Management System: A Review
Abstract: Traffic congestion is a growing problem in urban areas worldwide, leading to economic losses, increased pollution, and commuter frustration. Traditional traffic management systems rely on fixed timing cycles and lack adaptability to real-time traffic conditions. Intelligent traffic light control systems based on artificial intelligence (AI) have become a viable substitute for traditional techniques. These systems are able to evaluate large volumes of traffic data in real time, identify patterns, and …
Published in International Journal of Electronics Automation · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Prediction of Depth-Induced Stress Distribution and Maintenance Cost Implications for Submerged Structural Components
Abstract: This study investigates the influence of water depth on stress distribution and structural integrity of submerged mechanical components . Structural models fabricated from mild steel, stainless steel, carbon steel, and copper alloy were examined under hydrostatic loading corresponding to water depths between 30 cm and 150 cm. Results indicate that normal and shear stresses increased proportionally with depth due to intensified hydrostatic pressure. Mild steel exhibited the highest stress concentrations, …
Published in International Journal of Fracture Mechanics and Damage Science · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 29–35 Read article
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Environmental Education: A Comprehensive Tool for Fostering Awareness and Action
Abstract: Education can foster an educated and active public, therefore, facilitating collective action to address environmental concerns and attain sustainable development objectives. Education is essential for fostering environmental awareness, enabling citizens to engage in conservation and sustainability efforts Environmental education (EE) is an important instrument for providing individuals with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes required to address major environmental issues. It promotes a sense of our interconnectedness with nature, stressing the …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Ecology · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Experimental and Numerical Assessment of Flexural Shear Behavior of RC Beams Enhanced using Hybrid CFRP–GFRP U-Wrap System
Abstract: This study examines the Reinforced Concrete beams strengthened in Flexural-shear using a hybrid Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) system that combines carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) in a U-wrap configuration. Six beams totally were made and the results were tested under 4 point bending moment using LVDT, in which three beams were of control beams without strengthening and another three externally wrapped using hybrid CFRP-GFRP …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 328–338 Read article
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Machine Learning-Driven Polymer Composite Smart Skin for Integrated Sensing in Soft Robotic Systems
Abstract: Soft robotics has grown rapidly, but its progress is still constrained by the limitations of current sensing skins. Most polymer-based sensors provide either flexibility or sensitivity, yet they struggle to deliver real-time communication and adaptive intelligence when deployed in complex robotic environments. This disconnect between material performance and system-level responsiveness forms a critical bottleneck for practical deployment. Existing approaches often treat tactile sensing and wireless communication as separate problems. As …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 121–136 Read article
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Polymer Nanocomposites As Emerging Platforms in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology
Abstract: Nanotechnology allows the handling of materials in the 1–100 nm range, where distinct physicochemical phenomena, including quantum effects and higher surface-to-volume ratio, enable disruptive uses in pharmaceuticals and biomedicine. Significant challenges in solubility, stability and targeted biodistribution of therapeutics can be overcome by incorporating nanostructured polymers and polymer-based composites into drug delivery systems. PLGA nanoparticle and other nanocarriers, such as PLGA micelles, dendrimers, and hydrogels, have revealed promising effects on …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 268–278 Read article
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Bayesian Optimization–Driven Operating Parameter Tuning for Maximizing Methane Yield in Anaerobic Digestion
Abstract: To achieve maximum methane production in an anaerobic digestion (AD) process, a combination of various operational parameters must be tuned nonlinearly in the digestion ecosystem. The conventional trial and error optimization methods are slow, resource consuming, and in most instances, cannot model the intricate parameter interaction in biogas production. The current work introduces a Bayesian Optimization-based model to optimize the set of conditions to maximize the level of methane produced …
Published in International Journal of Energy and Thermal Applications · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Sustainable Materials Management: Strategies for Reducing Waste and Enhancing Resource Efficiency in Construction
Abstract: The construction industry is a critical driver of economic development, but it also plays a significant role in environmental degradation due to its high demand for natural resources and its substantial contribution to global waste production. In response to these environmental challenges, Sustainable Materials Management (SMM) has emerged as a comprehensive framework aimed at promoting resource efficiency, reducing waste, and lowering the overall environmental impact of construction activities. This study …
Published in Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology & Management · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 11–23 Read article
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Interfacial Bonding and Performance of Polymer-Based CFRP Composites in Externally Applied Configurations
Abstract: Polymer-based carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites are widely used for externally bonded strengthening and retrofitting applications due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and adaptability to existing structures. In such systems, overall performance is governed not only by the fiber–matrix interaction within the laminate, but more critically by the polymer adhesive layer and its interaction with the substrate. Polymer chemistry, interfacial bonding mechanisms, processing conditions, and environmental exposure collectively influence …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 952–966 Read article
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Structure–Property–Performance Characteristics of Chlorella Vulgaris Lipid-Based Bio-Composites Modified with n-Pentanol
Abstract: The depletion of fossil fuel resources and increasingly stringent emission regulations have intensified the need for sustainable alternatives for compression ignition (CI) engines. Biodiesel derived from Chlorella vulgaris microalgae is a renewable, non-edible fuel; however, its higher viscosity and lower volatility can adversely affect engine performance. To address these limitations, higher alcohols such as n-pentanol can be employed as effective modifiers to improve fuel physicochemical properties while maintaining compatibility with …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1636–1648 Read article