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90 articles for “state equation”
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Solidification of Brass Casting in Green Sand Mould: A Numerical and Experimental Study
Abstract: Casting which is also known as founding, is one of the earliest metal shaping methods. It means the pouring of molten metal into the refractory mould then allowing it to solidify. After solidification removing of part from the mould either by breaking the mould or ejecting the mould part. Present study has been focused on solidification of brass in green sand mould formulation. Two-dimensional heat conduction equation in cartesian co-ordinate …
Published in Journal of Mechatronics and Automation · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 24–30 Read article
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Numerical Simulation of Transient Free Convection in a Rectangular Cavity Filled with Porous Material Using Finite Element Formulations
Abstract: In this study, the finite element method is used to quantitatively explore transient free convection in porous cavities in order to understand the flow characteristics and heat conduction processes in the square cavities. In comparison to an uniform temperature gradient, the left wall is swiftly heated and the right wall is allowed to cool to a specific temperature. The horizontal walls are insulated on both sides. Dimensionless representations of the …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 11, Issue 8, 2023 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Quantum-Fuzzy Tensor Operators and Uncertainty-Band Bifurcation for Symmetry-Preserving State Discrimination
Abstract: A tensor-operator framework is developed for fuzzy conjunction, fuzzy disjunction, and symmetry-preserving state discrimination in multi-qubit quantum systems. In this formulation, fuzzy membership and non-membership degrees are represented through expectations of effect operators acting on density matrices, providing a natural bridge between fuzzy logic and quantum measurement theory. Conjunction and disjunction operations are extended to the quantum domain via tensorised channels, constructed using projective measurements and unitary transformations, enabling logical …
Published in Emerging Trends in Symmetry · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 08–15 Read article
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Study of Effect of Shape, Size and Symmetry on Electronic States of Some Three-dimensional Structures in Mesoscopic Size Regime
Abstract: This study presents theoretical study of effect of size and symmetry of different shaped three-dimensional GaAs structures in mesoscopic size regime. The effective mass Schrӧdinger equation is used in various shapes and its solution are modified as a function of volume and aspect ratio of structures. The calculated energy eigenvalues for square prism, equilateral prism, regular tetrahedral, cylindrical and spherical are comparatively analyzed to observe the effect of shape, size …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 26–36 Read article
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Effectiveness of Semi-Active Variable Stiffness Tuned Mass Damper for Seismic Load Using LQR Control
Abstract: In this study, effectiveness of semi-active variable stiffness tuned mass damper in reducing seismic response of 10-story frame structure is evaluated. The variable stiffness device, comprising four spring, having rhombus configuration, adapted from literature is attached to the tuned mass damper. A control algorithm using state space form of governing equation of motion is developed. LQR controller is employed to obtain control force based on displacement and velocity response feedback. …
Published in Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 11–11 Read article
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Study on Influence of Different Forms of Damping and Operating Temperature on Whirling Speeds of Rotors
Abstract: Accurate prediction of rotor whirl speeds is fundamentally important in the design of rotating machinery. There has been an impressive progress in the study of rotor dynamics in the last decade. The use of finite elements for the simulation of rotor system makes it possible to handle complex problems. Rotating shaft tends to bow out at certain speeds and whirl in a complicated manner. This phenomenon results from various causes …
Published in Trends in Machine design · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 41–55 Read article
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Thermo-Hydraulic Enhancement of Annular Finned Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers Using Epoxy-Based Polymer Composites: A Material–Geometry Coupled CFD Investigation
Abstract: Shell-and-tube heat exchangers remain a backbone of industrial thermal systems, yet their performance is often limited by relatively low shell-side heat transfer and the weight and cost associated with conventional metallic components. In this context, the integration of polymer composite materials offers a promising pathway toward lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and performance-tunable heat exchanger designs. The present study investigates the thermo-hydraulic performance of a straight-tube shell-and-tube heat exchanger equipped with annular fins, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 669–684 Read article
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Numerical Study of Lid Driven Cavity at Different Reynolds Number
Abstract: The present work focuses on flow inside a lid-driven cavity; main aim is to obtain the velocity field in steady state condition using Navier-Stoke equations. Navier-stoke equation has been converted into algebraic form using finite difference method (FDM). Pertinent parameter of the present study is Reynolds number. Stream-vorticity approach has been adopted to solve the physical problem. Different Reynold numbers and grid sizes have been studied. Peaks of the velocity …
Published in Trends in Mechanical Engineering & Technology · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 42–46 Read article
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Differential Equations in Quantum Mechanics and Schrödinger Equation
Abstract: In this study we investigate how differential equations play a role in quantum mechanics, focusing mainly on the role of a prominent one, Schrödinger's equation, which governs the behavior of quantum systems. In time two the mathematical picture of the wave nature of particles at quantum scales is provided, and the resulting equations are Schrödinger's equation, both in its time dependent as well as in its time independent form. The …
Published in Emerging Trends in Symmetry · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 15–25 Read article
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Biophysical Properties and Spin Transport in Hemoglobin, Heme Along the Easy Magnetic Fe-N Symmetric Axis
Abstract: Many physical processes that take place in human and animal hemoglobin are associated with a transport of minerals, air, charge carriers, ions, and spin. They are greatly influenced by external electric and magnetic fields, the concentration of mineral intake, pH value, thermal conditions, and the structure of hemoglobin. In this research, emphasis is given to spin transport in hemoglobin, where a weak spin transport is noticed. In order to clarify …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 45–62 Read article
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Noise-Driven Collective Behavior in Mean-Field Coupled Lorenz Oscillator Networks
Abstract: This work investigates the spatiotemporal dynamics of an ensemble of 100 identical Lorenz oscillators coupled through a mean-field scheme in the presence of additive noise. Building on prior studies of spatiotemporal chaos in coupled Lorenz arrays and mean-field coupled chaotic oscillators, the focus is on how the competition between deterministic coupling and stochastic forcing shapes collective behavior, including complete synchronization, desynchronization, clustered states, and noise-modified spatiotemporal chaos. The governing equations …
Published in International Journal of Advanced Control and System Engineering · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Fluid Flow Analysis and Flow Path Optimization of a Centrifugal Fuel Injector for a Turboshaft Aero Engine
Abstract: The present work of optimization is made for specific dimensions of a rotary fuel injector used in two of the high-performance defense helicopter’s gas turbine engines, presently. The need for doing this study is to meet the thermal design requirements of limiting the combustion chamber temperatures to an optimum designed value which heavily depends on finely divided homogeneous droplet sizes, the SMD (Sauter Mean Diameter) of the fuel that is …
Published in Recent Trends in Fluid Mechanics · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 22–27 Read article
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The Resurging Effect of Climate – Human Interaction on the Soil of Abia State, Nigeria: A Climate Change Perspective.
Abstract: Abstract Studies on the impact of climate change on soil erosion have been widely acknowledged by parts of the eastern states of Nigeria as one of the major land degradation problems besetting the area. This study adopts Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing techniques as veritable tool to study the effect of Climate – Human interaction on soil of Abia state. Increase in observed mean rainfall of 5.85, 5.62, …
Published in Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 27–44 Read article
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STUDY OF SMALL SIGNAL DISTUBANCES IN MULTI MACHINE POWER SYSTEM USING MATLAB
Abstract: The distance of electricity transmission gets longer and longer, and capacity is also increasing, the voltage level by transport is becoming more and higher, while the stability problem of power system is more and more prominent. If the power system's stability is destroyed, it can cause a very serious problem. This report describes the computational technique used to solve the large and complex mathematical problem in an easier and convenient …
Published in Journal of Industrial Safety Engineering · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 36–66 Read article
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Capacitance–Resistance Model Application to Reservoirs Primarily Under Aquifer Influx
Abstract: Previous Capacitance – Resistance Models that have been developed to characterise black oil reservoirs undergoing waterflooding do not apply to waterflooding of reservoirs primarily under aquifer influxresulting in significant error. This paper has attempted to overcome this limitation by presenting the aquifer influx as a pseudo injector whose injection rate is represented by an existing aquifer model.The influencing parameters of the model have been modified to include an aquifer influx …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 16–29 Read article
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A general review of the fundamentals of MATLAB Vehicle passive suspension system Simulink Model
Abstract: In order to enhance the comfort and handling characteristics of a vehicle, the installation of a suspension system is necessary. This system plays a crucial role in improving ride quality and road handling. For basic car models with two degrees of freedom, a passive suspension system is commonly utilized. This type of suspension system is renowned for its exceptional reliability and does not rely on an external power source, is …
Published in Trends in Transport Engineering and Applications · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 1–17 Read article
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Idempotent Semiring Path Algebras and Fuzzy Dominance Automata for Multi-State Communication Reliability
Abstract: A semiring-based theory is proposed for multi-state communication reliability with fuzzy dominance constraints. Links are weighted in the max-product semiring, while nodes carry dominance coefficients and operating states that modulate admissible transitions in a weighted automaton. The paper derives semiring matrix products, Kleene closures, fixed point equations, congestion-regularized path scores, and reliability inequalities. A fuzzy dominance automaton is introduced so that route selection depends not only on link reliability but …
Published in Research & Reviews: Discrete Mathematical Structures · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 07–14 Read article
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Density Functional Theory (DFT): Understanding and Quantifying Molecular Structure of 2-D Materials
Abstract: Density Functional Theory (DFT) has emerged as a cornerstone in computational chemistry and materials science, offering a powerful framework for predicting electronic structures and properties of atoms, molecules, and solids. By focusing on electron density rather than wave functions, DFT simplifies the many-body problem through approximations like the local density approximation (LDA) and generalized-gradient approximations (GGAs). The Hohenberg-Kohn theorems establish the theoretical foundation, proving that ground-state properties are uniquely determined …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 33–40 Read article
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Electromagnetic Transients in Compensated Overhead Lines with Multiple Tower Spans
Abstract: This paper addresses the analysis of the electromagnetic transients developed in an important class of non-uniform high-voltage power lines. It deals particularly with compensated long overhead high- voltage transmission lines composed of several tower spans, which are connected in cascade. The derived mathematical model leads to a system composed of simultaneous partial differential and algebraic equations, which can be solved numerically in terms of parametric functions using the software Mathematica’s …
Published in Trends in Electrical Engineering · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Thermal Modeling of Open Sun Drying System: An Experimental Validation
Abstract: In the work being presented, the expressions for crop and moist air temperatures of open sun drying system in quasi - static state conditions have been derived. The analysis was carried out by writing energy balance equations for crop surface and moist air above the crop surface. A computer model was developed to predict the crop temperature and moisture evaporation rate of potato slices of approximately 2.5 mm thickness exposed …
Published in Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 30–39 Read article