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67 articles for “non-spatial”
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Integrating Deep Learning and Computer Vision for Recognizing American Sign Language
Abstract: The only way the hearing-impaired community can exchange ideas is by utilizing non-verbal communication. The main challenge, however, is that the non-impaired community, which may not comprehend non-verbal communication, would struggle to communicate effectively with this group, and vice versa. The project is purposely devised to admit unwilling and dumb societies to transport ideas and connect with the organization. It aims to bridge the gap between the hearing- and speech-impaired …
Published in Current Trends in Information Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 10–17 Read article
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Sign Language and Face Expression Recognition Using Neural Networks: Deep Learning Approach to Break Communication Barriers
Abstract: Our study proposes a multimodal gesture recognition system specifically designed to aid communication for the deaf community. By employing neural network concepts, we utilize 3D convolutional neural networks (3D CNNs) to extract features from both hand and face images, focusing on relevant regions. Preprocessing techniques are applied to isolate these areas of interest prior to feature extraction. Unique 3D CNN architectures are then trained for each modality to capture the …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Working Principles and Performance Analysis of IEEE 802.11 and Sensor S-MAC
Abstract: Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a wireless network consisting of spatially distributed autonomous devices which use large amount of energy, consuming battery-powered sensors to monitor physical or environmental conditions. Medium access control (MAC) protocols play a big role to reduce energy consumption in WSN. Designing power-efficient MAC protocol prolongs the life time of the network, can consume little power, and avoid …
Published in Current Trends in Information Technology · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 39–47 Read article
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Multispectral Image Denoising using Bi-Directional Recurrent Neural Network with DPCA Algorithm
Abstract: In practices, a Multispectral Images (MSI) image is always prone to corruption by various sources of noises while procuring the images. In this paper we implemented Decomposable Pixel Component Analysis (DPCA) algorithm with recurrent neural network (RNN) which effectively denoised the MSI images. The RNN enables shrinkage of non-reusable data points during DPCA execution and aid it to effectively transform spatial coordinate in a logical manner and reduces the time …
Published in Journal of Image Processing & Pattern Recognition Progress · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 25–30 Read article
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A Novel Decomposable Pixel Component Analysis Algorithm for Automating Multispectral Satellite Image Denoising
Abstract: In comparison with the standard RGB or gray-scale images the usual multispectral images (MSI) is intended to convey high definition and an authentic representation for real world scenes to significantly enhance the performance measures of several other tasks involving with computer vision, segmentation of image, object extraction and object tagging operations. However, in practices a MSI image is always prone to corruption by various sources of noises while procuring the …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 18–25 Read article
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An Offline Space Division Multiplexing Based Elastic Optical Network Model with Switching and Modulation Format Adaptation for Flexible Spectrum and Spatial Assignment
Abstract: Abstract: The Space Division Multiplexing (SDM) based Elastic Optical Networks (EONs) (SDM-bEONs) is the proposed solution to both, the required upgradation of the network’s capacity constrained by the non-linear Shannon’s limit and the provisioning needed for the future diverse Internet traffic’s required capacity. With SDM providing ‘space’ as an additional freedom degree, the assignment of resource (i.e., spectrum and space) in the SDM-b-EONs translates into the Routing, Modulation Format, Space, …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 1–23 Read article
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Effect of Image Band Number and Band Multicollinearity on Mapping Accuracy of Tree Diversity and Evenness
Abstract: 800x600 Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Satellite imageries are increasingly being used in the studies of plant diversity due to cost effective wider spatial coverage. Multispectral or hyperspectral imageries consist of different spectral bands where some bands might be multicollineared among them and deemed redundant to use in the classification/analysis. This study investigates how the accuracies of maps of tree diversity and evenness of an area …
Published in Journal of Remote Sensing & GIS · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2013 · pp. 14–22 Read article
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Recent Trends in Heavy Metal Pollution of Groundwater: A Review
Abstract: Heavy metal pollution in groundwater has emerged as a major environmental and public health concern worldwide due to its persistence, toxicity, and potential for bioaccumulation. Rapid industrialisation, urban expansion, intensive agriculture, mining activities, and improper waste disposal have significantly increased the release of heavy metals into subsurface environments. Groundwater, being a primary source of drinking water in many regions, is particularly vulnerable to contamination, posing serious risks to human health …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Noise and Pollution Control · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 14–24 Read article
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Analysis of Wildfire Occurrences within the Shores of Lake Chad using Geo-information Technology
Abstract: Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Geographic Information Technology provides an important tool in modeling ecosystem dynamics. One of the drivers of ecosystem change in the Lake Chad Basin is wildfire. This paper examines the historical spatial patterns of wildfires and employed a trend analysis using Geographic Information System (GIS) technique in analyzing fire pixel counts from MODIS images of the period 2001-2009. The results revealed a …
Published in Journal of Remote Sensing & GIS · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2011 Read article
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Thermal Effects in High-Power Laser Systems: Modeling and Mitigation
Abstract: High-power laser systems are increasingly employed in industrial manufacturing, defense, medical procedures, and scientific research due to their ability to deliver high energy density with excellent spatial coherence. However, the performance and reliability of these systems are significantly influenced by thermal effects arising from optical absorption, non-radiative recombination, and inefficient heat dissipation within laser gain media and optical components. These thermal phenomena lead to adverse effects such as thermal lensing, …
Published in International Journal of Manufacturing and Production Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 9–13 Read article
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Harmonically Varying Moving Load on Time-Dependent Uniform Beam Resting on Pasternak Foundation
Abstract: In this paper, we investigated elastic beam whose properties does not varies with spatial coordinate but constant along the span L of the beam. The moving load considered in this work is harmonically varying moving load with non-classical boundary conditions, time dependent boundary conditions in particular. Also, considered in this work is two parameters foundation which are Winkler and Pasternak foundations. Closed form solutions in plotted form are obtained using …
Published in International Journal of Electro-Mechanics and Material Behaviour · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 38–47 Read article
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Catchment Pollution Potential and Pattern of Groundwater Quality
Abstract: Pollutants in groundwater can occur naturally or they can be introduced by various anthropogenic sources of pollution. Both point and non-point sources of pollution affect the quality of surface as well as ground water. As water infiltrates, solute concentrations are typically low. But after penetration their spatial extent follows a regional pattern that needs to be examined in detail. Hence, spatial pattern of important parameters of ground water quality obtained …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 19–28 Read article
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Cross-Domain Comparative Analysis of Microwave Imaging Systems for Medical Diagnostics and Industrial Testing
Abstract: Microwave imaging is gaining significant traction as a non-ionizing, low-cost, and portable alternative to conventional diagnostic and inspection modalities in both medical and industrial domains. Leveraging the dielectric contrast between healthy and anomalous tissues or materials, microwave imaging systems enable early-stage detection and characterization of pathological or structural anomalies. This review provides a detailed comparative analysis of microwave imaging systems tailored for three critical applications: breast cancer detection, brain stroke …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 39–48 Read article
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Integrated, Geospatial Risk Assessment of Air, Water, and Soil Pollution Impacts on Agricultural Sustainability using Advanced Digital Technologies
Abstract: The systemic threat posed by the convergence of air, water, and soil contaminants represents a critical challenge to global agricultural resilience and food security. Traditional, site-specific pollutant monitoring methods are insufficient for capturing the dynamic, diffuse, and often nonlinear nature of environmental risk pathways that permeate agrarian landscapes. This study presents a robust framework for comprehensive risk assessment utilizing a synergistic suite of modern tools designed for spatial, temporal, and …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Noise and Pollution Control · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 28–37 Read article
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Intelligent Earth: AI As A Catalyst For Climate Action
Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is assuming an increasingly influential role in climate science, providing advanced tools capable of interpreting vast, complex, and multi-dimensional environmental datasets. Traditional climate modeling approaches, while grounded in physical principles, frequently struggle to deliver high-resolution, real-time, and region-specific forecasts because of heavy computational demands, incomplete observations, and uncertainties in representing small -- scale processes. Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, especially machine learning and deep learning, provide strong substitutes …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Noise and Pollution Control · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 48–52 Read article
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Trend Assessment in Upper Betwa Basin of Central India
Abstract: The temporal and spatial variability of rainfall is a critical element of semi-arid atmospheres due to its severe impact water availability, livelihood and environment. The present investigation of rainfall is to examine precipitation over a long-period of time for wide region, identifying potential trends and evaluating their significance. The Betwa basin is aftermost environmental change related occasions and its possible effect on biological community, vocation, horticulture, domesticated animals and biodiversity. …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 36–46 Read article
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Advancement and Limitations of Raman Spectroscopy: A Review
Abstract: The present review provided an overview of advances and limitations in Raman spectroscopy— a powerful analytical tool widely used across scientific disciplines. Instrumental advances, including the development of lasers, detectors, and optics, have increased the scope of Raman spectroscopy. These advances have expanded its applications in fields such as information science and biology. The integration of Raman spectroscopy with additional technologies such as microscopy and artificial intelligence further expands analytical …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 85–97 Read article
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Ground Water Studies of Vijayagopalapuram Village, Prakasam District, Andhra Pradesh, India Using Geospatial Technology
Abstract: Vijayagopalapuram, a revenue village in Kanigiri mandal of Prakasam District, Andhra Pradesh, India is a severely drought affected area. This village lies between longitude 79°27'12" to 79°30 45" E and latitude 15°16'40" to 15°18'45" N with geographical area of 857 ha. The average annual rainfall of Kanigiri mandal is 813.4 mm. The main lithological units in the Vijayagopalapuram village include Quartz-Chlorite-Sericite (QCS) Schist and Quartzite (DQt) rocks. These rocks represent …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 41–49 Read article
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External Filtering and Wavelet Domain Thresholding-based Denoising Method for AWGN corrupted imagesExternal Filtering and Wavelet Domain Thresholding-based Denoising Method for AWGN corrupted images
Abstract: In this work an image de-noising method with external bilateral filtering and wavelet domain thresholding has been proposed. In Gaussian filtering, it fails to denoise an image at edges where the spatial variations are not smooth and causesblurs at the edges in the image. External bilateral filter (EBF) beats this by filtering the picture in both reach and area (space). Respective separating is a nearby, nonlinear and non-iterative procedure which …
Published in Journal of Image Processing & Pattern Recognition Progress · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 11–19 Read article
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Climate-Driven Shifts in Vector-Borne Disease Ecology Across South Asia
Abstract: Climate change remains one of the most important phenomena affecting the geographical distribution and movement patterns of vector-borne diseases. In South Asia – characterized by high population density, rich biodiversity, and sharp climatic differences – there is growing evidence of the relationship between increasing temperatures and erratic precipitation, along with the behavior of insect vectors. This research aims to evaluate the effects of climate environmental changes on the distribution and …
Published in International Journal of Insects · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–5 Read article