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109 articles for “conduction band”
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Investigation of Electro-optical Characteristic and Structure Optimization of PMMA: Bepq2/BCP/Tpbi Blue Highly Efficient OLED Device
Abstract: In this Investigation, the energy level structure of the Spiro-MeOTAD/PMMA: Bepq2/BCP/Tpbi/LiF OLED has been investigated to explain the method of electron-hole charge carrier pair recombination and the light generation. The Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics model was applied to optimize the structure to reduce the band gap between conductive layers. We found the simulated results J–V, J-Illumination flux, and Current Efficiency (CE) characteristics when we applied forward bias. Inconclusive results determined the threshold …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 11, Issue 5, 2023 · pp. 56–68 Read article
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Heavy Fermions to the Scheme from Semimetals
Abstract: This article is a study about heavy Fermions to scope strange and unknown features of scattering accounted to conduction electrons in the metal. Nucleons generated by heavy metal compounds are named heavy fermions. These generate from magnetic impurities that are present in the matter as unusual distribution in particulate forms. Parameter of quasi-crystal lattice instability of these compounds has significance in response to behave as non-Fermi liquids affected under magneto-transport. …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 15–22 Read article
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Enhancement of Heat Transfer Rate in Cooler by using Nanofluid
Abstract: The paper aims at the study of the cooling system in the household cooler by replacing honeycomb meshing into the radiator. Heat transfer from the radiator can be improved by maximizing the heat transfer area and increasing the heat transfer rate. In this paper, it is focused on increasing heat transfer rate by using MgO nanoparticles in suspension. A Thermophysical property has been increased in heat transfer material. Water was …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Impact of Semiconductor Material Properties on Device Behavior and Circuit Performance: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: Semiconductor materials play a fundamental role in determining the performance, efficiency, and reliability of modern electronic devices and circuits. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of how intrinsic and engineered material properties influence device behavior and overall circuit functionality. Key parameters such as bandgap energy, carrier mobility, thermal conductivity, and defect density are examined to understand their direct impact on switching speed, power consumption, and operational stability. The paper explores …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 19–26 Read article
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An Investigation on Influence of Gamma-Irradiation and Doping on Chemical Structures and Optical Properties of Conducting Polypyrrole
Abstract: In this study, the authors report on effect of gamma-irradiation and doping (bromine, iodine and sulfate ion) on chemical structure and optical, electronic properties of polypyrrole. Optical absorption spectrum of PPY shown absorption bands centered around 36.2.5 nm (peak 1), 450 nm (peak 2) and 525 nm (peak 3) positions. Gamma irradiation resulted in broadening of peak A together with a band shift of 45–525 nm and disappearance peaks 2 …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 5, 2026 · pp. 48–57 Read article
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Effect of EM Wave from Mobile Phone on Skin Depth in Human Blood, Bone and Muscle
Abstract: Cell phone technology has become an integral part of day to day life and it is used not only for voice messages but also for high resolution pictures and mainly the use of Internet. When cell phones are placed near to human body, the EM radiations emitted from the phone penetrate deep inside the body. The present paper investigations have been made to estimate skin depth of electromagnetic radiations inside …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 16–20 Read article
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Comparative Analysis of Forward and Backward Auxiliary Selective ASE Pumping for L-Band EDFA
Abstract: ABSTRACT An exhaustive quantitative and comparative study of eight DWDM EDFA amplifier configurations has been conducted using Selective Wavelength Auxiliary Pumping (SWAP) by Forward Amplified Spontaneous Emission (FASE) and Backward ASE (BASE) pumping schemes for L-band signal gain enhancement and noise figure (NF) improvement. 31 dB gain and 5.19 dB NF at 1570 nm can be achieved using suggested optimum pumping configuration in L-band EDFA. The proposed design model can …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2012 · pp. 17–30 Read article
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Structural, Electrical and Optical Properties of RGO-Incorporated PVA Nanocomposites for UV Shielding Applications
Abstract: Polymer matrix-based nanocomposites reinforced with appropriate nanoparticles have the potential to exhibit improved electrical, optical and mechanical properties, as well as improved UV-shielding capabilities. These materials are currently being utilised for various commercial applications, such as window shields and automotive components. We prepared reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-incorporated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer nanocomposites employing a solution casting method. XRD and SEM results confirmed that the rGO nanosheets were dispersed well in …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 12, Issue 6, 2024 · pp. 119–137 Read article
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Machine Learning Framework for Optimizing Polymer–Metal Oxide Composites as Charge Selective Layers in Perovskite Solar Cells
Abstract: To achieve high-performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), it was important to incorporate innovative interfacial materials to tune the balanced charge extraction, low recombination, and enhanced operational lifespan. On this note, polymer composites with metal oxides have been proposed as promising candidates as charge selective layers (CSLs), whereby they present a rare combination of tunable energy levels, improved film forming abilities, and better interface engineering capabilities. In this …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 1073–1098 Read article
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Wearable Rectenna Array for Wireless Power Transmission
Abstract: This paper explains about design of wearable antenna array which is used for receiving the microwave power transmitted at dual frequencies. Direct current power is obtained at the end of rectifying antenna or (Rectenna) composed with filter and Schottky diode. Proposed wearable antenna is designed on jeans textile as a substrate and copper foil tap as conducting material. The antenna array has the dual band resonating frequencies which are 4.65 …
Published in Trends in Electrical Engineering · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 59–64 Read article
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The Effect of Ni2+ Ions on Energy Band gap of TiO2 Nanoparticles for Solar Cell Applications
Abstract: Pure TiO2 and Nickel doped TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by chemical synthesis route with different doping percent of Nickel at 4500 C annealing temperature. UV-Visible and XRD characterizations were performed to know the doping effect of Nickel in pure TiO2. XRD results show increased particle size with doping of Ni2+, the particle size of samples are in the range of 27.43 nm to 45.85 nm. UV-Visible results revealed decreased band …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 69–74 Read article
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Response of Magnetic Field by Conduction Electrons at Low Temperature in 2H-NbSe2
Abstract: AbstractHere, we have presented the magneto-resistance (MR) on polycrystalline and single crystal of2H-NbSe2. The obtained MR on single crystal shows anisotropic nature associated with smalllongitudinal MR i.e. 0 / in which H II direction of current flow compared totransverse MR i.e. 0 / in which H direction of current flow. This anisotropybehaviour is associated with the complex Fermi surface found from …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Spectroscopic and Electrical Studies of Conducting Polyaniline Composites Embedded Nanostructure Zinc Sulfide
Abstract: Simple and low-cost chemical precipitation method was used for the synthesis of ZnS nanoparticles using zinc precursor and DMF as a stabilizing agent. Na2S was used as the source of sulphur ions. Composites of polyaniline and ZnS nanoparticles have been synthesized by in-situ chemical oxidation method by varying weight percentage of synthesized ZnS nanoparticles with aniline monomer. Optical studies in terms of UV-Vis and fluorescence show the positive effect of …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2012 · pp. 25–32 Read article
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Material Selection for Optimized Antenna Performance: A Comprehensive Analysis
Abstract: The performance of antennas is heavily influenced by the choice of materials used in their design. This work presents a comprehensive analysis of various materials and their properties relevant to antenna applications, focusing on parameters such as dielectric constant, conductivity, magnetic permeability, and thermal stability. The interplay between these properties significantly affects the efficiency, bandwidth, gain, and impedance matching of the antenna. This study explores materials such as metals, ceramics, …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Structural, Electronic and Optical Properties of ZnO Material Using First Principle Calculation
Abstract: Structural, electronic and optical properties have been determined by using first principle calculation for ZnO material. In present study, full potential linearized augmented plane wave method has been selected with generalised gradient approximation executed in WIEN2k. Structure of ZnO material stabilises in the Wurtzite form of hexagonal closed packed crystal with lattice constant a=3.289Å, c= 5.307Å. Density of states and band structure diagram of ZnO material shows semiconductor nature with …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 11, Issue 5, 2023 · pp. 27–34 Read article
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Au@Sio2@PVP-DCMD Membranes: A Breakthrough in Heavy Metal Removal and Antibacterial Defense
Abstract: This study investigates the development and characterization of multifunctional gold-doped silica (Au@SiO₂) membranes for water distillation and antibacterial applications. The manufacturing process integrated gold nanoparticles into silica matrices using sol-gel techniques. Structural analysis was conducted using SEM (showing uniform pore distribution with an average pore size of 40-50 nm), FTIR (confirming Si-O-Si and Si-Au-Si bonding peaks at 525 cm⁻¹ and 1310 cm⁻¹ respectively), EDX (revealing gold nanoparticle content of 1.5 …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 13–27 Read article
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Millimeter Wave Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna for Next Generation 5G Communication
Abstract: Abstract: In this paper, a printed microstrip patch antenna is analyzed for lower band 5G technology. The proposed printed Microstrip patch antenna has a compressed structure having dimension 20 × 20 × 1.6 mm3 with the conducting ground plane and this antenna is well suited for the use in handheld next generation 5G devices. Modified antenna resonated at lower band of 5G communication technology. In this research work geometry of …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 25–30 Read article
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Climate Change and Decline of Cultural Heritage as Major Causes of Insecurity in Katsina State: A Way Forward
Abstract: Climate change is a global phenomenon that transformed human activities such as debility of cultural heritage that steered to insecurity in Katsina State. This paper proffers and highlight the way forward as government at all levels focuses devotion on how to find elucidations to the lingering insecurity transversely Nigeria. Qualitative method was arrayed to examine the major causes of insecurity in Katsina State and engaged approach of combined data from …
Published in International Journal of Climate Conditions · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 29–34 Read article
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Advanced Functional Nanocomposites: Graphene Oxide Integration into Polyvinyl Alcohol Matrix
Abstract: This research explores how incorporating graphene oxide (GO) into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) can improve its mechanical and thermal characteristics, with the goal of creating multifunctional nanocomposites suitable for advanced technological applications. GO was introduced into the PVA matrix at 0.5, 1, and 2 wt% via a scalable solution casting method. The resulting nanocomposites were characterized mechanically, thermally, and spectroscopically. Tensile testing revealed a significant improvement in mechanical performance, with tensile …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 50–59 Read article
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A Review of Electrical Conduction, Optical Sensing, and Semiconductor Device Innovations
Abstract: Electrical conduction and semiconductor device technologies form the backbone of modern electronic and sensing systems. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of conduction mechanisms across different materials, including conductors, semiconductors, and insulators, with particular emphasis on charge carrier behavior, resistivity, and energy band structures. The study highlights how variations in material properties and external conditions influence electrical performance and device efficiency. The paper further explores advancements in semiconductor devices, focusing …
Published in Journal of Semiconductor Devices and Circuits · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 10–18 Read article