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295 articles for “Defect”
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Computer Vision Algorithm for Surface Defects Identification in TIG Welded Joints
Abstract: Quality monitoring of welded joints is still quite a tedious job for many industries. The surface defects on welded joints arises from the improper selection of various input parameters which further result bad quality weld. This paper highlight the application of a computer vision algorithm called discrete Fourier transformation approach for identification of surface defects present on TIG welded joints.
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Computational Biology Read article
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ML-Driven Defect Detection in Additive Manufacturing of Polymer Composites Using Thermal Imaging
Abstract: Polymer-based flexible biosensors have emerged as a pivotal technology in continuous health monitoring, yet their deployment in real-world settings is often hindered by undetected micro-defects and signal distortion caused during fabrication or usage. Existing diagnostic frameworks typically rely on post-hoc processing or bulky instrumentation, failing to offer scalable, real-time detection during additive manufacturing workflows. This study introduces an end-to-end, thermographic imaging-integrated framework for in-situ defect identification during the additive manufacturing …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2025 · pp. 201–215 Read article
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An Overview of Elliptical Low Pass Filter by using Defected Ground Structure Method
Abstract: Calculation and differentiation of the response of elliptical low pass filter (LPF) with and without using defected ground structure (DGS) was done. In the present work, return loss, bandwidth and gain have been evaluated. All the designs are printed on the FR4 lossy substrate of dielectric constant ( ) of 4.3, substrate thickness of 1.6 mm and loss tangent of 0.02. Moreover, the effect of controlling parameters namely slots and …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 13–16 Read article
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Correlation Between Software Metrics and Defects
Abstract: Nowadays open source software systems are more popular and plying very important roles in many scientific and business software applications. Most companies are searching for open source software projects and many of them are using this open source projects in their own work. But as a result, open source software is commonly developed with a special management style than the economic ones, the standard and reliableness of the code have …
Published in Journal of Computer Technology & Applications · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 6–11 Read article
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Computer Vision Algorithm for Surface Defects Identification in TIG Welded Joints
Abstract: Quality monitoring of welded joints is still quite a tedious job for many industries. The surface defects on welded joints arises from the improper selection of various input parameters which further result bad quality weld. This paper highlight the application of a computer vision algorithm called Discrete Fourier Transformation approach for identification of surface defects present on TIG Welded joints.
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Computational Biology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2021 Read article
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Investigating the Surface Defects and Structural Integrity of 3D Printed Hydrogen Storage Cylinders in UAV Applications
Abstract: This research explores the processing and manufacturing challenges of 3D printed polymer composites for high-pressure hydrogen storage in UAVs. The study focuses on addressing surface integrity and structural robustness issues inherent in additive manufacturing. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was conducted on four thermoplastic polymer ABS, PET-G, HDPE, and Nylon to assess their mechanical performance under 35 MPa of pressure. Results revealed that PET-G and ABS provided better stress distribution and …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 161–191 Read article
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Efficient Machine Defect Detection with Sugeno Fuzzy Membership and GRU Networks for Robust Industrial Automation
Abstract: Machine fault detection is of immense significance in industrial automation to achieve efficient operations, reduced downtime, and reduced economic losses. Sugeno fuzzy logic and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) networks are used in this research to provide a new hybrid solution that addresses problems such as noisy data, evolving defect patterns, and real-time detection. To improve readability and reliability, the Sugeno fuzzy logic unit preprocesses fuzzy and uncertain input data into …
Published in Journal of Mechatronics and Automation · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 17–26 Read article
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Autonomous Agentic AI for Adaptive Cure Optimization and Defect Prevention in Thermoset Polymer Composite Manufacturing
Abstract: Thermoset polymer composites occupy a central position in modern structural manufacturing, from aircraft fuselages to wind-turbine blades. Despite progress in resin chemistry and fiber architecture, the “cure process” that transforms compliant preforms into load-bearing structures remains difficult to manage. Manufacturers encounter ‘voids’, “interlaminar delaminations”, and “spring-back distortion” when curing complex or thick-section parts. The cause is not ignorance of the relevant physics, but rather that ‘temperature’, ‘chemistry’, ‘rheology’, and ‘mechanics’ …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 301–320 Read article
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Simulation and Analysis to Reduce the Shrinkage Defect in Sand Casting for the Rotor: A Review
Abstract: Casting is a process in which the metal is melted and poured into mold and allows it to solidify to get desired shape. Objective of investigation is to review on simulation and analysis to reduce the shrinkage defect in sand casting. In ductile iron casting, shrinkage defect is common. It is generally seen at the last solidifying area of casting. Other parameters like getting system, feeder, metallurgy of material, part …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 23–26 Read article
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A Review Paper on Shrinkage Defect in Investment Casting
Abstract: Investment casting is also known as lost wax casting process. It is used to make various components of machines and jewellery with good accuracy compared to other castings. It is also used to make difficult components which may not be possible by conventional casting process. Investment casting is very helpful process for higher quality requirements. But still, there are many defects occurring in the process, like shrinkage, cold run, blow …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 18–20 Read article
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Comparison of Beta Tricalcium Phosphate Mixed with PRP and Beta Tricalcium Phosphate alone as Bone Graft in Maxillofacial Bony Defects
Abstract: Maxillofacial bony defects are common problems in dental surgery. In the present study an attempt was made for the comparison of beta tricalcium phosphate mixed with PRP (Platelet Rich Plasma) and beta tricalcium phosphate alone as bone graft in maxillofacial bony defects. Present study was under taken at conducted at department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, career post-graduate institute of dental sciences and hospital, Lucknow. In the present study it …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 32–35 Read article
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Gypsum Addition in Moulding Sand to Manufacture Defect Free Tin Castings
Abstract: Sand molding is a versatile casting process that provides freedom of design with respect to size, shape, and product quality. Plaster casting is similar to sand molding process except that a plaster is substituted instead of sand. Plaster compound is composed of gypsum, which strengthens the mould. Parts made by this process are gears, valves, fittings, tooling, and ornaments. The finished product of plaster casting has a very high surface …
Published in International Journal of Fracture Mechanics and Damage Science · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 7–15 Read article
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Optimization of Stellite Defect in Manufacturing of Engine Valves: A Review
Abstract: Intake and exhaust valves are the important components of an engine valves which are used to control flow and replacement of fuel gases inside the cylinder. This work mainly deals with defect known as stellite defect in different sizes of engine valves; and methodology adopted to prevent valve from stellite defect. Valve base material is low alloy steel (AISI 4140) and upper surface of engine valve is generally hard faced …
Published in Journal of Automobile Engineering and Applications · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Compact Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna with U-Slot and Defected Ground
Abstract: A compact single-feed circularly polarized (CP) patch antenna at L-band is designed. The antenna contains a U-slot and is designed with DGS technique to reduce the size of antenna. With the presence of the U-slot, the antenna fabricated on a high-dielectric-constant (10.2) substrate achieves a reasonable axial-ratio bandwidth. The operating frequency is 1.521 GHz. The measured gain is 2.5 dBi, and bandwidth is 86.8 MHz.
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 16–20 Read article
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Reduction of Shrinkage-Porosity Defects in Sand Casting Using Finite Element Analysis: A Review
Abstract: Today production of casting is easy but market requirement is quality casting. Earlier casting is made with large no. of defects due to large no. of process parameter in casting process. Specially, to predict phase transformation is very critical. As the problem of automation in process, shortage of skill labour now a days; casting simulation requirement is high and it is identifies defects earlier without making actual casting. This process …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Materials used in Periodontal Therapy for the Treatment of Intra-bony Defects
Abstract: Periodontitis is a condition that affects the supporting structures of a tooth, such as the gingiva, cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. Periodontitis is widespread in the American population, although most of the cases are mild to moderate in severity and are treatable by minimally invasive procedures. Intra-bony defects, which develop as manifestation of some periodontal diseases, are treated by regenerative therapy with bone grafts that initiate or facilitate the …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 7–13 Read article
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Evaluating Fiber Volume Fraction and Defects in Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites for T Joint applications
Abstract: Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have been integral to industries such as aviation, aerospace, shipbuilding, and automotive due to their strength, durability, lightweight, and corrosion resistance. This study examines the production and microstructural analysis of polymer composites using FRP and manual lamination methods. While manual lamination is quick and economical, it relies on operator skill, resulting in low mechanical properties. Microstructure analysis via 3D optical and scanning electron microscopes revealed that …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1222–1235 Read article
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Leakage Rate Prediction through Composite Liner due to Geomembrane Defect using Neural Network
Abstract: The paper presents the leakage rate prediction using artificial neural network from the liner made of soil and geomembrane. The defect in the geomembrane considered was having different shapes. Three different shapes such as square, rectangular and circular of the defect have been considered. The input variables considered for the artificial neural network (ANN) were (i) head on the top of the soil (ii) area of the defect (iii) hydraulic …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 8–17 Read article
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AUTOMATED PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD (PCB) DEFECT DETECTION USING DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNIQUE
Abstract: This work presents a Digital Image Processing (DIP) solution involving the use of image filters and processing functions to analyse the reference and the test images of a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) to yield a resulting image in which open and short circuits have been highlighted. The problem solved was the dependence of other PCB defects detection methods on the absence of deformation in the test image and this was …
Published in Journal of Mechatronics and Automation · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Minimizing Defective Product through Effective Production Planning and Control of Rear Wheel Drum
Abstract: The main objective of this paper is to describe the different operations that can be performed to improve the quality and reduce the quantity of defect in product by six sigma method. As we all know that today, the main objective of the companies to satisfy the customers by providing them good quality product. As now days, there is large amount of competition in global market among different companies, so, …
Published in Journal of Mechatronics and Automation · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 15–22 Read article