Search
36 articles for “Cancer genomes.”
-
Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) in Breast Carcinoma
Abstract: Breast cancer is the most alarming problem of the current time. Nitric oxide, a free radical gas is synthesized by isoenzymes called nitric oxide synthase. Nitric oxide synthase consists of three isoforms; Nitric oxide produced is cytotoxic which is known to inhibit the DNA synthesis causing its damage. Keeping this in mind, nitric oxide synthase was determined in breast cancer and normal breast tissue. For this tissue from 60 breast …
Published in Research and Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 23–28 Read article
-
Arsenic as a Cause of Cancer
Abstract: Inorganic Arsenic (iAs) is a pervasive and ubiquitous environmental toxin that has created world-wide human health problems. Populations exposed to high concentrations of arsenic-contaminated drinking water suffer serious health consequences ranging from acute toxicities to development of malignancies, including alarming cancer incidence and death rates. Epidemiologic studies have shown a relationship between chronic arsenic exposure and disease of the skin, lung, urinary bladder, and conceivably liver, kidney, and prostate in …
Published in Research and Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 8–21 Read article
-
Revolutionizing Vaccine Development:The Transformative Role of Bioinformatics in Designing Next-Generation Immunotherapies
Abstract: Vaccines have long been central to the prevention and control of infectious diseases, dramatically reducing morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the modern era, the integration of bioinformatics has revolutionized vaccine development by enabling rapid, precise, and cost-effective identification of potential vaccine targets. This seminar explores the multifaceted applications of bioinformatics in vaccinology, including antigen discovery, epitope prediction, structural modeling, molecular docking, and immunoinformatics-driven vaccine design. Special emphasis is placed on …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Bioinformatics · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 19–33 Read article
-
Innovations in Targeted Drug Discovery for Personalized Medicine
Abstract: Personalized medicine is revolutionizing modern healthcare by custoizing treatment plans to match an individual’s genetic makeup, protein expression, and metabomlic characteristics. Also referred to as precision medicine, this approach seeks to improve therapeutic outcomes, reduce adverse effects, and make efficient use of healthcare resources. The incorporation of various omics technologies—including genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and epigenomics—has greatly advanced our ability to understand disease biology and molecular variations specific to each …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Design & Discovery · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 19–41 Read article
-
Advances in Lung Cancer Detection and Diagnosis: An Integrative Approach Using Computational Chemistry, Statistics, Bioinformatics, Artificial Intelligence, and Machine Learning
Abstract: Lung cancer is still one of the most common and lethal cancers globally, accounting for more than a million deaths each year. Prompt detection is important, and imaging techniques like chest X-rays, MRIs, PETs, CTs, and molecular imaging have become important tools. But still, even though all these techniques do not provide an accurate classification of the lesion, they have led to the development of computer-based high-resolution image analysis. Computer …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Bioinformatics · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
-
Pathophysiology Reimagined: Integrating Systems Biology and AI for Disease Understanding
Abstract: Pathophysiology, the study of disease mechanisms at molecular, cellular, and systemic levels, has traditionally relied on reductionist approaches that often fail to capture the complex, dynamic, and interconnected nature of biological systems. Diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and infectious diseases arise from intricate interactions among genetic, epigenetic, metabolic, and environmental factors, necessitating integrative, data-driven methodologies for a deeper understanding. Systems biology has emerged as a powerful approach by leveraging …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 63–71 Read article
-
A Review on Unmasking Merkel Cell Polyomavirus: From Discovery to Cancer Driver
Abstract: Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is a small, non-enveloped, circular double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Polyomaviridae family, first characterized in 2008. Epidemiological data suggest widespread exposure, with seroprevalence rates approaching 80% in adults. While primary infection is typically asymptomatic, rare integration events in Merkel cells can initiate oncogenesis, yielding Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a neuroendocrine skin cancer with a five-year survival rate under 60%. This review integrates findings from six …
Published in International Journal of Virus Studies · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 6–11 Read article
-
Crispr Cas – Revolutionizing Modern Therapies and Beyond
Abstract: CRISPR-Cas technology has emerged as a transformative tool in modern molecular biology, revolutionizing both fundamental research and clinical applications. This RNA-guided gene-editing system enables precise and efficient genomic modifications, offering unprecedented potential for addressing genetic disorders, infectious diseases, and oncological conditions through innovative therapeutic interventions. The inherent specificity and programmability of CRISPR-Cas systems have facilitated breakthroughs in diverse fields, including precision medicine, regenerative therapies, and immuno-oncology. Beyond its therapeutic applications, …
Published in International Journal of Genetic Modifications and Recombinations · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 25–38 Read article
-
Gene Therapy in Modern Medicine: Promises and Challenge in Treating Genetic Diseases
Abstract: Gene therapy is a medical approach that focuses on altering or adjusting an individual’s genes to treat or prevent illnesses. The aim is to repair faulty genes or insert new ones into the body to combat diseases. Gene therapy can involve directly introducing modified or new genes into a patient’s cells or altering the genes already present in the patient’s body. This approach shows potential for treating a range of …
Published in International Journal of Genetic Modifications and Recombinations · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 27–32 Read article
-
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Types, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Novel Therapeutic Strategies
Abstract: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most prevalent type of lung cancer, accounting for over 85% of all cases globally. It remains one of the primary causes of cancer-related death due to its rapid progression, few early symptoms, and late detection. The three main forms of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and giant cell carcinoma; each has a unique histology, prognosis, and response to …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 07–22 Read article
-
Computational Approaches to Understanding Cellular Signaling Pathways
Abstract: Cellular signaling pathways are fundamental in regulating vital processes, such as cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. The intricate and interconnected nature of these signaling networks requires sophisticated methods for their analysis. Computational approaches, including mathematical modeling, network analysis, and machine learning, have revolutionized the way researchers analyze and simulate cellular signaling. This article provides a comprehensive overview of computational strategies employed to model signaling pathways, with a focus on integrating …
Published in International Journal of Cell Biology and Cellular Functions · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 8–13 Read article
-
Long Non-Coding RNAs: Key Regulators of Gene Expression in Development and Disease
Abstract: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA molecules that do not make proteins but are essential for controlling how genes are turned on or off in the body. These molecules help with various biological functions, such as guiding cell growth, shaping development, and influencing the progression of diseases. Recent advancements in genomics and transcriptomics have revealed the vast and complex roles of lncRNAs, with an increasing recognition of their involvement in …
Published in International Journal of Genetic Modifications and Recombinations · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 11–15 Read article
-
Role and impact of Dietary Antioxidants on Aging and Lifespan: A Review
Abstract: The effect of an antioxidant-rich diet on aging and lifespan has attracted significant scientific attention, primarily through the lens of the free radical theory of aging (FRTA). This theory suggests that oxidative stress caused by an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), accelerates aging and contributes to cellular damage. The accumulation of free radicals and the oxidative damage that is induced significantly contribute to the aging process. This imbalance plays …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 72–82 Read article
-
Mass Spectrometry–Based Phosphoproteomic Markers to Predict Kinase Inhibitor Response in Solid Tumors
Abstract: Mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics has emerged as a powerful tool for predicting kinase inhibitor responses in solid tumors, offering direct functional insights into signaling pathways that surpass traditional genomic profiling by capturing dynamic kinase activities and adaptive resistance mechanisms. Technological breakthroughs, including data- independent acquisition (DIA), trapped ion mobility spectrometry (timsTOF), and efficient enrichment methods like TiO2 or IMAC, now enable comprehensive profiling of over 40,000 phosphorylation sites from limited clinical …
Published in International Journal of Cell Biology and Cellular Functions · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
-
An Overview of Fanconi Anemia: A Genetic Disorder
Abstract: Fanconi Anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disorder caused by DNA repair defects due to pathogenic variants in one of 21 genes. It is the primary cause of inherited bone marrow failure, marked by pancytopenia. Clinically, Fanconi Anemia (FA) is associated with congenital malformations in multiple systems, resulting in progressive bone marrow failure and heightened cancer risk, especially in the urogenital region and the head and neck. There are approximately …
Published in International Journal of Oncological Nursing and Practices · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 19–25 Read article
-
Transforming Rare Disease Diagnosis with AI
Abstract: Artificial intelligence is changing healthcare fast. It is making diagnoses accurate, helping doctors get better results, and streamlining how care works. This paper looks at how AI shows up in healthcare right now – where it is already making a difference, what is working, and what is still tricky. The focus is on machine learning, natural language processing, and computer vision. Particular attention is given to using AI in diagnosing …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Computational Biology · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 31–40 Read article