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755 articles for “formatting”
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Effectiveness of Habb-e-Suranjan and Roghan-e-Farfiyun in the Management of Waja-ul-Rukba (Knee Pain): A Review
Abstract: Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis is a painful condition that represents the degeneration of the cartilage and osteophyte formation in the knee joint, which affects millions of people worldwide. According to the Unani claimed text, accumulation of “madda” (substance) in joints, which is neither absorbed nor expelled, is due to the absence of Quawwat-e-Jazibah (power of absorption) and Quawwat-e-dafia (power of expulsion). Unani medicine presents a promising approach for managing knee osteoarthritis …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 7–12 Read article
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Virulence Factors in pathogens :mechanisms of infection & disease progression
Abstract: Pathogens, like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, have evolved specialized tools – known as virulence factors – that help them infect hosts, escape the immune system, and cause disease. These factors play a key role in determining how severe an infection becomes, how quickly it spreads, and how the body responds. Some pathogens use adhesins to stick to host cells, while others produce toxins that damage tissues or disrupt normal …
Published in International Journal of Pathogens · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 6–11 Read article
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Preparation, Categorization and Anticancer Study of Novel Bicyclic Compounds from Various Types for (Five and Six)- Membered Ring
Abstract: The characteristics of ring systems change in the presence of functional groups, but in some cases, elements that are considered functional groups can be classified within the same ring. Compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen are called homogeneous rings, while those that contain other elements are called heterogeneous rings. The atom substituted in place of the carbon atom is referred to as a heteroatom. Generally, the heterocyclic atom is …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 18–30 Read article
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CdS-Based Photocatalytic Nanostructures: A Promising Material for Various Environmental Applications
Abstract: Modern technological and industrial progress has significantly increased the use of chemicals in product development, leading to greater contamination of water sources by conventional pollutants (such as organic dyes and heavy metals) and harmful microorganisms. Wastewater treatment processes now reveal “emerging pollutants,” including pharmaceuticals, endocrine disruptors, and agricultural chemicals. Certain emerging pollutants, though harmless in some cases, can pose serious risks to various organisms. To address this, researchers are exploring …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 33–53 Read article
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Exploring Antimalarial Activity of Chalcone Derivatives through QSAR
Abstract: Background: The core structure of chalcones contains a reactive α,β-unsaturated system within the aromatic rings, which plays a key role in mediating various biological effects. These effects include enzyme inhibition, anticancer activity, anti-inflammatory properties, as well as antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, and anti-filarial actions.Modifying the structure by introducing substituent groups to the aromatic ring can enhance potency, reduce toxicity, and expand their range of pharmacological actions.Methods: A total of twenty-seven …
Published in International Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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EduTest Portal Using Java with Spring Boot
Abstract: The "EduTest Portal" is an innovative and comprehensive web-based platform developed to transform and modernize the traditional examination system. It utilizes modern technologies to provide a secure, efficient, and highly user-friendly environment for conducting online assessments. This platform is designed to overcome the common drawbacks of manual exam procedures, such as excessive paperwork, time consumption, human error in grading, and the high cost of administration. EduTest Portal offers a streamlined …
Published in Recent Trends in Programming languages · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 07–16 Read article
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Nurse’s Responsibility and Liability in Chemotherapy Formulation: Legal and Ethical Considerations
Abstract: Each year, over 16 million new cancer cases are diagnosed globally. Cancer causes cells to grow uncontrollably, potentially leading to the formation of tumors, immune system damage, and other debilitating effects that can be fatal. Common cancer treatments include surgery to remove tumors, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, and immunotherapy. Among these, chemotherapy plays a significant role, accounting for nearly half of the overall treatment approach. Chemotherapy drugs can be …
Published in International Journal of Oncological Nursing and Practices · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 15–20 Read article
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Mechanisms of Crystal Growth: From Spiral Steps to Surface Adhesion
Abstract: Crystal growth is a complex interplay between thermodynamic stability and kinetic processes, influenced heavily by the conditions under which crystallization occurs—particularly the degree of supersaturation. This abstract outline three principal regimes of solution-grown crystal growth: defect-driven, two-dimensional, and adhesive growth. At low supersaturation, growth is facilitated at surface defects, such as screw dislocations, where energy barriers to attachment are minimized. This results in the formation of spiraling steps that propagate …
Published in International Journal of Crystalline Materials · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 46–31 Read article
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A prospective investigation into seroma monitoring and skin flap anchoring following Mastectomy
Abstract: Breast cancer remains a significant global health challenge, often necessitating life-saving mastectomy surgeries. However, post-mastectomy complications—such as seroma formation and skin flap necrosis—can still impact a patient’s recovery and overall quality of life. This prospective study examines the effectiveness of seroma monitoring and skin flap anchoring following mastectomy in reducing these problems. Few prospective studies addressing these particular concerns were found in a thorough literature assessment. To fill this void, …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Role of Dermabrasion Assisted Tangential Excision in Paediatric Electrical Burn Wounds
Abstract: Early removal of necrotic tissue in deep electrical burns by tangential excision decreases scarring and promotes wound healing. Dermabrasion, traditionally used in dermatology for facial resurfacing and scar treatment, has shown promising results when applied to burn wound management. In burn care, dermabrasion serves as a form of blunt debridement, effectively removing superficial necrotic tissue without damaging underlying healthy structures. This technique helps reduce local inflammation and lowers the likelihood …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Thermosensitive and pH-Responsive Polymers for Smart Drug Delivery Systems
Abstract: Sensitive to temperature and pH, polymers are becoming a fascinating new class of material suitable for application in drug delivery systems. These polymers can be utilised in controlled release of medications as they change form depending on temperature and acidity. Thermosensitive polymers vary their formation and breakdown behaviour with temperature variations. They are therefore perfect for delivering pharmaceuticals to individuals as heat may be utilised to activate the medications at …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 4, 2025 · pp. 479–491 Read article
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Big Data in Chemistry: Problems and Answers
Abstract: The rapid growth of experimental and computational chemistry data, researchers now have access to vast datasets, presenting both significant opportunities and challenges. This paper explores the primary challenges associated with managing, processing, and utilizing big data in chemistry, including data heterogeneity, integration across various scales and systems, lack of standardized formats, and the need for advanced tools for data analysis. Additionally, the paper discusses the ethical concerns of data ownership, …
Published in International Journal of Cheminformatics · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 9–14 Read article
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Spherified Kombucha: An Innovative Alternative from Probiotic Potencial Beverage for Gastronomy
Abstract: This study is focused on the development of spherified kombucha through the application of modern mixology techniques, aiming to diversify its culinary applications and increase its appeal in the field of gastronomy. Kombucha, a fermented tea known for its probiotic properties and health benefits, was transformed into a spherified form to enhance its visual and sensory appeal. Sensory evaluation revealed a significant difference between the color and other organoleptic attributes, …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Food Science & Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Successful Treatment of Clinical Ketosis in Dairy Cattle
Abstract: Ketosis is a post-parturient metabolic disease encountered in high yielders due to imbalance in production and feeding leading to gluconeogenesis along with formation of abnormally high levels of ketone bodies. The disorder is particularly seen within the first few weeks after calving. It arises due to a negative energy balance when energy demands for milk production exceed dietary energy intake, leading to excessive mobilization of body fat reserves and resulting …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Dairy Science and Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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A Brief Review on Herbal Excipients
Abstract: Natural or herbal excipients are significantly more advantageous than their synthetic equivalents because they are readily available, non-toxic, and less expensive. The pharmaceutical industries are becoming more interested in using these herbal excipients – mainly polymers of natural origin – in formulation development because of growing knowledge of them. The purpose of this study is to provide light on the possibility of using natural excipients, which are biocompatible and able …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 5–14 Read article
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Novel Poly (Methyl Cellulose-G-Acrylamide)/Sodium Alginate Based Zeolite 4A Filled Mixed Matrix Membranes for The Separation of Water-Isopropyl Alcohol Mixtures by Pervaporation
Abstract: The Filled blend matrix membranes of (Methyl Cellulose-g-Acryl amide)/Sodium Alginate {(MC-g-AAm)/NaAlg} prepared via solution casting method by in situ incorporation with 4A zeolite particles in 5, 10 and 15 mass % with respect to the weight of (MC-g-AAm)/NaAlg membrane. Several analytical tools such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) were …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 4, 2025 · pp. 131–152 Read article
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Corrosion and Corrosion Protection of Cast iron due to Bio-organism
Abstract: Cast iron is a high tensile strength metal. It is generally used for making tools, pipe fitting, electrical fitting equipment and rail track. It interacts with corrosive substances to develop electrochemical cell on their interface. Corrosive substances are acids, bases, salts, bio-wastes, particulates and pollutants. These substances produce hostile medium for materials. These harmful wastes discharge by industries, households, agricultural, urbanization, development of infrastructure, construction works, thermal power stations, hydropower, …
Published in Journal of Modern Chemistry & Chemical Technology · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 105–114 Read article
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Fungus Detection System
Abstract: This project identifies fungal pathogens in wet soil with sensors and gives an instant result through an Android app. It helps farmers avoid crop loss, increase yield, and encourage eco-friendly farming practices by enabling early detection and evidence-based decision-making for soil health management. Soil condition is most important to agriculture and environmental health. Having fungus in pre-maturity soil analysis can prevent crop damage and increase the yield. This project seeks …
Published in Journal of Microcontroller Engineering and Applications · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 30–34 Read article
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Analysing the Deep Hole Drilling Characteristics of AISI 316 Alloy Using Peck Drilling Approach
Abstract: This study aims at the deep hole drilling characteristics of AISI 316 alloy utilizing the Peck drilling procedure. It is well-established that hole is the most prevalent machining process, requiring precise techniques to achieve optimal cutting conditions. AISI 316 has high corrosion resistance and mechanical features. It is widely utilized in the aerospace, vehicle, aircraft, and other industries. Due to its high modulus of elasticity, reactivity at high cutting speeds, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 4, 2025 · pp. 14–28 Read article
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Innovative Approaches in Excipient Co-Processing: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: Co-processing of existing excipients is an innovative strategy in pharmaceutical formulation that offers a cost-effective, efficient alternative to the development of entirely new excipients. This process involves combining two or more well-established excipients to create new material with enhanced properties, thereby improving the functionality, performance, and manufacturability of pharmaceutical products. By leveraging the unique characteristics of each excipient, co-processing can significantly enhance attributes, such as flowability, compressibility, solubility, stability, and …
Published in Trends in Drug Delivery · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 34–51 Read article