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409 articles for “Surface model”
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Variation of Meteorological Parameters and their Influence on Tropospheric Surface Radio Refractivity in Minna and Yola, Nigeria
Abstract: The variation of meteorological parameters and their influence on tropospheric surface radio refractivity in Minna (middle belt) and Yola (north east), Nigeria was investigated. The results show that variation of each meteorological parameter (temperature, humidity and pressure) contributed to the diurnal and seasonal variations of tropospheric surface radio refractivity at Minna and Yola. The wet term of refractivity (Nwet) and dry term of refractivity (Ndry), contributed 24% and 76%, respectively …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 5–20 Read article
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Role of Fatigue and Creep in Structural Damage: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: Fatigue and creep are two critical degradation mechanisms that significantly influence the structural integrity and longevity of engineering materials. These phenomena arise due to different loading and environmental conditions but often coexist in various industrial applications, leading to severe material degradation over time. Fatigue primarily results from cyclic loading, where repeated stress variations induce microstructural damage and crack initiation, ultimately causing catastrophic failure. Conversely, creep occurs under sustained stress at …
Published in International Journal of Fracture Mechanics and Damage Science · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 22–26 Read article
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Investigation of Bio-Physical Interaction and Electrophoretic Properties of Fe3O4/DNA Nanocomposite and Colloids for Biomedical Application
Abstract: In recent years, research on magnetic nanoparticles has gained significant attention. The core concept behind their physics lies in their interaction with biomolecules such as hemoglobin, DNA, and RNA. This study examines the fundamental forces involved in these interactions, including van der Waals attractions, electrostatic repulsion, thermal effects, and magnetic coupling between nanoparticles and biological molecules. To describe these interactions quantitatively, parameters such as zeta potential, magnetic moment density, and …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 20–32 Read article
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Decrement of Spin-orbit Splitting Near Calcium Region
Abstract: Explanation of the observed decrement of splitting of spin-orbit partners near shell closure, has been sought through an introduction of tensor interaction in a mean field type of calculation. The strength of the tensor interaction used in the Skyrme Hartree Fock theory has been optimized by the reproduction of the experimentally determined splitting of 1d, 1f and 2d shell model states (both neutron and proton) of the isotopes of Calcium …
Published in Journal of Nuclear Engineering & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 11–22 Read article
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Estimation of BOD of Banganga Nalla of Bhopal City Using Statistical Methods
Abstract: Water is a precious natural source without which life cannot be sustained. Surface water has been the main source of supply for all our purposes. It is also has been the most convenient sewer for industry and municipalities. Estimation of water quality parameters using statistical and other mathematical models are gaining importance because they give more rational basis for water quality planning. An attempt has been made in this paper …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2023 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Modeling and Optimization of Extrusion Process for Black Gram–Carrot Pomace Incorporated Rice-based Extruded Product
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to optimize ready-to-eat extruded snack with incorporation of byproducts like broken rice, carrot pomace along with black gram to design a product which is rich in fibre and protein content. For optimization of extrusion process for the development of black gram–carrot pomace incorporated rice-based expanded product, experiments were planned in central composite design using response surface methodology. The independent process variables for extrusion were …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Food Science & Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 5–20 Read article
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Synthesis of Magnetically Recoverable Nickel (II) Complex-Functionalized Fe3O4@ISNA (ISNA= Isonicotinic acid) Nanomaterials: Catalytic Studies on Nitrophenol Reduction and TD- DFT Studies
Abstract: In this study, we aimed to develop a novel, environmentally sustainable, and magnetically separable heterogeneous nanocatalyst, denoted as Fe3O4@ISNA@NiL (where L represents the ligand). The synthesis involved a two-step process, first, isonicotinic acid was chemically grafted onto the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4) to introduce functional groups capable of further chemical modification. Subsequently, a nickel(II) Schiff base monomeric complex was anchored onto the modified surface, resulting in a nanocatalyst …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 88–96 Read article
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Investigation to Enhance Performance of Finned U-Tube Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers Using Epoxy Based Polymer Composite Material
Abstract: Shell-and-tube heat exchangers remain indispensable in thermal engineering systems; however, conventional metallic configurations often face challenges related to corrosion, weight, and limited thermal optimization. In this study, a novel approach is proposed by integrating epoxy-based polymer composite materials with finned U-tube geometries to enhance thermo-hydraulic performance while addressing material limitations of traditional systems. The work focuses on the development and evaluation of a hybrid heat exchanger comprising a mild steel …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 618–633 Read article
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A Review on Thermal and Structural Analysis of Disc Brakes in Motor Vehicles
Abstract: Braking is a technique that turns kinetic energy in a vehicle into mechanical energy that must be dissipated as heat. The frictional heat created at the disc-pad interface can cause high temperatures during the braking period. Thermal elastic instability (TEI), early wear, brake fluid vaporisation (BFV), and thermally stimulated vibrations can all be caused by frictional heat created on the rotor surface (TEV). In this research, a vehicle's solid type …
Published in Journal of Automobile Engineering and Applications · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Analysis of Water and Ethylene Glycol Based Cu Nano-particle
Abstract: The flow of heat in water Ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) copper based small size particles between two parallel freezing discs along with homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions are greatly and heavily affected by magnetic field. Here, I have considered Magnetic Hydro Dynamics effect perpendicular to the plane surface, while, bottom disk will be considered to be porous. The basic equations such as Navier-stokes, energy, Homogenous and Heterogonous reactions will be used for …
Published in Recent Trends in Fluid Mechanics · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 44–55 Read article
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A Review on Materials and Working Process Parameters of Selective Laser Sintering
Abstract: The potential for additive manufacturing technology to replace some of the current conventional manufacturing methods makes it one of the research and development fields that is expanding quickly. With additive manufacturing, three-dimensional physical models are produced layer by layer from computer-aided design (CAD) models. Fully dense metal things may be produced more rapidly and accurately with additive manufacturing. The Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) procedure uses powder bed fusion, in which …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 522–529 Read article
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Parametric Optimization of TIG Welding on AISI-304 Stainless Steel Plate by Taguchi based RSM Method
Abstract: The effect of process parameters of TIG welding like the present work focuses the findings of an experimental investigation into the effects of Welding current, Gas flow rate, Electrode diameter, and Root gap on the bead geometry of AISI-304. It is found that the process parameters considered affected the mechanical properties with great extent. Taguchi methodology is used to analyze the effect of each welding process parameters and optimal process …
Published in Trends in Machine design · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 30–40 Read article
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Increasing Total Solar Irradiance on Far Future Climate: General Atmospheric Circulation
Abstract: The total solar irradiation at the top of the atmosphere is the primary forcing mechanism for the Earth's Climate System. In this work, we used the addition of 10% in the radiation value (from 1360 Wm−2 to 1496 Wm−2) to simulate the Earth's climate system in the habitable zone inner orbit. Two tenyear- long fully coupled simulations using the Community Earth System Model were performed; the CONTROL experiment was configured …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 4, 2022 · pp. 29–47 Read article
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Satellite Sensing in Climate Change Study: A Review
Abstract: Satellite remote sensing has revolutionized our understanding of climate change, providing a global and continuous perspective on Earth's climate system. This study highlights the crucial role of satellite observations in monitoring key climate variables, such as sea surface temperature, ice sheet extent, vegetation cover, and atmospheric composition. From monitoring greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere to mapping ice sheet thickness and sea level rise, satellite instruments offer invaluable data for …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Comparison of Stack Type EGR Cooler for Diesel Engine using CFD
Abstract: The EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) technique can greatly reduce the NOx emission of diesel engines; especially when an EGR cooler is employed. Numerical simulations are applied to study the flow field and temperature distributions inside the EGR cooler. Three different models of EGR cooler are investigated, among which model A is a traditional one, shell and tube type, while models B is stack type. In model C, fins are added …
Published in Recent Trends in Fluid Mechanics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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A Comparative Study on Formaldehyde Detection Capabilities in Pristine Graphene and Ag-doped Graphene Sheet
Abstract: The present work concerns a detailed investigation of the enhanced formaldehyde (also known as methanal) detection by decorating the pristine (or bare) graphene nanosheet with silver (Ag) nano-particle (or foreign Ag atom). The bare graphene sheet was exposed to the formaldehyde vapor forming the formaldehyde-adsorbed pristine graphene sheet (taken as Case-I), and whose results were studied and compared with the outcomes obtained from the formaldehyde-adsorbed Ag-decorated graphene sheet (taken as …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 801–809 Read article
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Polymer Chemistry-Guided Development of Biomimetic Composite Scaffolds
Abstract: Polymer chemistry plays a fundamental role in advancing biomaterials for anatomical tissue engineering, particularly in the design of composite scaffolds that replicate the intrinsic characteristics of native tissues. The regeneration of damaged tissues, especially within anatomically complex structures such as bone, cartilage, and skin, necessitates biomaterials that closely emulate the hierarchical architecture and biological functions of native extracellular matrices (ECMs). The capacity to replicate both mechanical and biochemical cues of …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 7–13 Read article
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Influence of Mechanical Parameters on Corrosion Behavior of Metal Coupons in Simulated Environmental Conditions
Abstract: This study investigates the influence of mechanical parameters—namely applied stress, surface roughness, and deformation history—on the corrosion behavior of metal coupons exposed to corrosive environments. Mild steel and aluminum alloy specimens were prepared with controlled variations in tensile stress, polishing grades, and cold-working levels to simulate real-world mechanical influences. These coupons were immersed in a 3.5% NaCl solution under ambient conditions, and their corrosion rates were monitored over a 30-day …
Published in International Journal of Fracture Mechanics and Damage Science · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 6–12 Read article
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AI-Driven Prediction of Square-Hole Laser Trepanning Performance in AA7075/15%SiC/15% Glass Fiber Hybrid Composites Using Taguchi–ANOVA and Deep Neural Networks
Abstract: Hybrid AA7075 composites reinforced with 15% silicon carbide (SiC) and 15% glass fiber were fabricated via the stir casting technique to improve machining and structural performance. The addition of dual reinforcements into the aluminum matrix was aimed at enhancing hardness, thermal stability, and surface quality during non-traditional drilling operations. Square-hole drilling was performed using a laser trepanning process, and the key responses—hole size accuracy, surface roughness, and taper angle—were systematically …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1932–1943 Read article
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A Computational Study of Lift and Drag Characteristics for NACA 4415 and NACA 2412 Aerofoils
Abstract: The performance of an aerofoil is crucial in designing wind turbine blades, aircraft wings, and other aerodynamic surfaces. This project presents a comparative analysis of two widely used aerofoil profiles, NACA 4415 and NACA 2412, to study their lift and drag characteristics under different flow regimes. The aerofoil geometries were developed using the NACA four-digit notation and modeled in ANSYS Design Modeler. Numerical simulations were conducted in ANSYS Fluent for …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1298–1315 Read article