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524 articles for “crystallization”
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Practical Application of Wulff Net
Abstract: Wulff net is a stereographic net. Stereographic net is a circular grid or net used to plot planes and lines. Therefore it is also used to solve structural problems. Wulff net has discovered by C.V. Wulff for crystallography. Stereographic net preserve angular relation to define projection by angles. Standard Wulff net is a spherical scale similar to globe with north, south, east and west points. Wulff net contains three types …
Published in Trends in Mechanical Engineering & Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 22–36 Read article
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A Comparative Study of Siravyadha and Kokilakshadi Kshayama in Vaatarakta W.S.R to GOUT
Abstract: The life style in modern era is responsible for so many diseases. The vatarakta (gout) is one of them. Firstly, it occurs in hand and foot then spreads in whole body. Gout is a true crystal deposition disease. It can be defined as the pathological reaction of the joint or periarticular tissues to the presence of monosodium urate monohydrate (MSUM) crystals which preferentially deposit in peripheral connective tissues in and …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 6–10 Read article
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Anthrax Toxin Time-Resolved Absorption and Resonance FT-IR and Raman Biospectroscopy and Density Functional Theory (DFT) Investigation of Vibronic-Mode Coupling Structure in Vibrational Spectra Analysis
Abstract: Anthrax toxin is a three-protein exotoxin that is secreted by the bacterium's virulent strains, the anthrax causative agent Bacillus anthracis. Harry Smith first found the toxin in 1954. Anthrax toxin consists of a protein called a protective antigen (PA) binding cell protein and two enzyme parts called an edema factor (EF) and a deadly factor (LF). These three protein components act together to impart their physiological effects. Assembled complexes containing …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Computational Biology · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 23–51 Read article
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Surface Structure of Hydroxyl Apatite from Fluorosis Enamel
Abstract: Fluorosis is a condition due to ingestion of excessive amounts of Fluor that can cause the change in teeth structure and strength. Currently, a poor explanation was available to describe the surface structure of crystal hydroxylapatite that contributes to influence the macro characteristic of fluorosis enamel. The objective of this research is to describe the surface structure of crystal hydroxylapatite (HA) in fluorosis enamel. Scanning Electron Microscopy/ Energy Disperse X-Ray …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry · Vol. 2, Issue 1-3, 2011 · pp. 60–68 Read article
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Structural, Morphological, Optical, and Electrical Properties of Sol–Gel Synthesized Bismuth Ferrite Nanoparticles for Photovoltaic Applications
Abstract: Solar cells are a promising renewable energy source, converting solar energy into electrical power. The performance and efficiency of solar cells can be enhanced by incorporating multiferroic materials, which have the potential to improve energy conversion. Bismuth ferrite (BFO) is one such material that has attracted attention for photovoltaic applications due to its bandgap energy, which ranges from 2 eV to 2.7 eV. However, its practical efficiency is currently low …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 28–41 Read article
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Nanostructure-Induced Thermoelectric Enhancement in Bi2Te3 Nanorod Design, Analysis, and Performance Evaluation
Abstract: Thermoelectric materials capable of efficient energy conversion near room temperature are critical for waste heat recovery applications. In this work, solution-grown Bi2Te3 nanorods were synthesized via a trioctylphosphine-assisted thermal decomposition route, and the influence of surfactant-induced nanostructuring on their thermoelectric properties was systematically investigated. Structural analysis using X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement confirmed the formation of rhombohedral Bi2Te3 with the emergence of Bi2Te3–BiTe nanocomposites at higher surfactant concentrations. Electron microscopy …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 26–37 Read article
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A Review of Retail Process of E-Commerce
Abstract: AbstractPerspectives proliferate on the effect of the Internet and online business on conventional types of retailing. Situations run from one viewpoint, the practically add up to demolition of existing physical retailing to, on the other, restricted if any effect upon “genuine” retailing. Despite intemperate buildup, spectacular failures, the horde of clashing perspectives, crystal-ball looking web based business procedures and techniques give the possibility to a central reassessment of how retailing …
Published in E-Commerce for Future & Trends · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 39–51 Read article
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Performance and Degradation Analysis of PolyCrystalline PV Modules Installed in Tropical Conditions
Abstract: In this paper, practical field performance of poly-crystalline solar photovoltaic (PV) modules, which were installed at rooftop of the department of electrical engineering BVRIT, has been studied and the correlation between efficiency, temperature and degradation rate of modules as per STC conditions has been presented. The nominal output power of the PV module considered for the study is 240 Wp and the panel is compressed of 60 cells in a …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Embedded System & Applications · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 5–10 Read article
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Use of Liquefiable Materials for Vibration Isolation
Abstract: Abstract Trench barrier isolation is very popular but less adopted technique for the isolation of buildings and important structures. Here the structures are to be protected against the energetic surface waves, which are confined up to 3–4.5 m depth below the surface. Several types of trenches with different in-fill materials have been tried with some degree of success. The difficulty comes from the nature of the waves, which are a …
Published in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 33–36 Read article
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Significance of Solution Combustion Synthesis (SCS) in Fabrication of Carbon Doped Organometallic Alumina
Abstract: Present work signified the potential of high temperature solution combustion synthesis (SCS) in rapid fabrication of “covalent-ionic” bonded organometallic aluminate. Natural herb “Piper longum” was used to obtain carbon. Aluminum nitrate served as a base chemical for oxide transformation. Exothermic platform for ignition was provided by propellant urea. Overall explosive decomposition of solution based precursor materials on typical temperature 700°C results in formation of organometallic C-γ-alumina in a well dry …
Published in Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications · Vol. 17, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 11–16 Read article
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Sonochemical Synthesis and Photo-Catalytic Study of Cd Doped Znse Nanoparticles
Abstract: Cd doped ZnSe nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized with sonochemical process by reacting high purity acetates and sodium selenosulphate at 343 K. The size of nanoparticles was calculated by using powder XRD. It shows the crystalline size ranging between 35.3 nm to 45.44 nm. XRD further shows that ZnSe nanocrystallites are polycrystalline in nature and belong to the hexagonal phase. SEM shows that the particles are spherical in shape. Effect …
Published in Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications · Vol. 17, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 32–41 Read article
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Structural and Optical Studies of Baso4:Eu2+ Phosphor Prepared by Co-Precipitation Method
Abstract: Europium doped BaSO4 was prepared by the co-precipitation method and characterization of material was done by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. From the XRD pattern of Eu doped BaSO4 compound, it was found that the prominent phase formed was BaSO4 and the result of FTIR spectrum of BaSO4:Eu shows that the sulfur-oxygen stretch was found at around 1116 cm-1. The room …
Published in Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications · Vol. 19, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Sol-Gel Auto-Combustion Synthesis and LPG Sensing Performance of Mg(x) Fe(x-1)2O4 (X=0.1 to 0.9) Nanoparticles
Abstract: Spinal ferrites are having important electronic materials because of their electrical and magnetic properties. MgFe2O4 gas sensors have important parameters such as phase formation, crystallite size, particle size, grain size, surface area etc. The present work provides comprehensive study of the mesoporous Mg(x)Fe(x-1)2O4 nanoparticles which were synthesized via sol-gel auto-combustion method. The main objective of the current research is to study the influence by increasing the concentration of ferrite with …
Published in Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications · Vol. 19, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 48–58 Read article
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Synthesis of Metallic Copper Nanoflowers, Nanocrystals and Nanorods using Electrodeposition and Hydrothermal Techniques
Abstract: Copper nanoflowers and nanocrystals have been fabricated using two different techniques; electro-deposition of copper in polymer and anodic alumina templates (AAT) and Cetyltrimethyl-ammonium Bromide (CTAB)-assisted hydrothermal method. Nanorods of copper are produced by electrodeposition in 100 nm AAT. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) micrographs record some interesting morphologies of metallic copper nanoflowers and nanocrystals. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) has been used to determine morphology and chemical composition of polycrystalline …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2012 · pp. 23–37 Read article
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Synthesis and Characterization of Co-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles by Electrochemical Method: Photodegradation Kinetics of Bromophenol Blue Dye, Textile Effluent and Study of Antibacterial Activity
Abstract: ZnO nanoparticles doped with cobalt were synthesized by electrochemical method. The crystal structure and surface morphology were characterized by X-Ray diffraction and Scanning electron microscopy. The optical properties were studied by UV-Vis spectroscopy and from this the band gap energy was found to be 3.17 eV. The XRD data revealed that the crystalline size to be ~21.23 nm. The functional group test was done by FTIR-spectroscopy. SEM results showed the …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 1–13 Read article
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Microbial Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles by Yeast: Sacchromyces cerevisiae
Abstract: This study outlines, low-cost, green and reproducible eukaryotic microbe yeast (Sacchromyces cerevisiae)-mediated biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticles. Synthesis was performed by four different steps namely, isolation, treatment, transformation and extraction. Different characterization techniques were used to test the nature of nanoparticle—crystallite size and shape by X-ray diffraction, morphology by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and particle size by particle analyzer. ZnO nanoparticles were characterized in order to study different properties of the …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Laccase Production by Trametes hirsuta, Trametes pubescens and Marasmius alliaceus from Agricultural Residues and ITS Usage for Environmental Remediation
Abstract: Laccase has wide range of application in environmental remediation, but this is not produced in large amount due to its expenses in production. This study deals with the production of laccases from inexpensive lignocellulosic wastes such as rice straw, rice bran and banana skin. Marasmius alliaceus gave 1773.16 U/L laccase activities when rice straw was used as substrates and the activity reached by Trametes pubescens in banana skin is 1332 …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2011 · pp. 96–100 Read article
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Synthesis and Characterization of Size Tuned CdS Quantum Dots
Abstract: CdS nanoparticles are synthesized using chemical precipitation at room temperature. Cadmium sulfide is one of the most promising materials for solar cells and of great interest for their practical applications in up to electronics and photonics. The optical properties get modified due to the confinement of charge carrier within the nanoparticles. The physical and chemical properties of these nanoparticles are found to be size dependent. The crystallite sizes of cadmium …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 28–39 Read article
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Characterization of Pure and Ag Doped ZnO Nanostructure and Study the Effect of Calcination Temperature on Bacterial Growth of Ag Doped ZnO Nanostructure.
Abstract: Sol-Gel chemical precipitation method has been implemented to synthesize Ag doped ZnO nanoparticles at 50°C. Wurtzite hexagonal crystal structure of pure and ZnO(Ag) nanoparticles have been confirmed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) data. The crystalline size and have been estimated using XRD data. The chemical composition of pure and Ag doped ZnO nanoparticles has been investigated by analysis of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The direct band gap of nanoparticles has …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 31–38 Read article
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Swift heavy Ion Irradiation Effects on Structural and Spectroscopic Properties of Nanocomposites of Polypyrrole Nanotubes and Silver Nanoparticles
Abstract: Polypyrrole nanotubes-silver nanoparticle nanocomposites (PPy-NTs:Ag-NPs) have been synthesized by in-situ reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3) to suppress the agglomeration of Ag-NPs. The synthesized nanocomposite has been irradiated with 100 MeV Si9+ ion beam. The structural and spectroscopic properties of the nanocomposites after irradiation have been studied by SEM, XRD, Raman and UV-vis spectroscopy. Decrease in size of the nanotubes has been observed from SEM micrographs due to swift heavy ion …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 1–6 Read article