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266 articles for “co-morbidity”
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Possible Risk Factors Associated with Tuberculosis Treatment Failure Among Patients Attending Tuberculosis Treatment Centers in Kano State, Nigeria
Abstract: The widespread failure of tuberculosis chemotherapy has led to an increase in mortality and morbidity associated with tuberculosis infection. This study was aimed at assessing the possible risk factors associated with tuberculosis treatment failure in patients attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH) and Infectious Disease Hospital (IDH), Kano State. Treatment outcomes of the 436 tuberculosis patients attending selected hospitals in 2018 were obtained using a retrospective study (review of the …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Systolic-Predominant Hypertension and the Aging Heart: A Cross-Sectional Study on LVH and Cardiovascular Riskss
Abstract: Background: Systolic-predominant hypertension, defined as a systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg with diastolic pressure <90 mm Hg, is the most prevalent form of hypertension in the elderly. It arises primarily due to age-related arterial stiffening and baroreceptor dysfunction. Once considered a benign outcome of aging, systolic-predominant hypertension is now recognized as a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Aim and Objective: To evaluate the cardiac status and …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 13–24 Read article
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Role Of Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma (APRP) In Take of Graft
Abstract: Autologous platelet-rich plasma (APRP) has gained attention as a promising adjunct in skin grafting procedures, particularly in enhancing the take and healing of grafts in burn patients. This study focuses on the application of APRP to improve the adherence of split-thickness skin grafts (STSG) in a pediatric patient with scald burns. APRP is prepared by concentrating the patient’s platelets from a small volume of blood, which is rich in growth …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Strategies to Improve Drug Compliance Among Patients with Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review
Abstract: Background: Mental disorders constitute a public health concern, accounting for 13% of the global disease burden. Pharmacotherapy along with psycho education is primary line of treatment and maintaining drug compliance is crucial. Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the strategies to improve drug compliance among patients with mental disorders, identify which tools are most frequently used to measure strategies to improve drug compliance among patients with …
Published in International Journal of Evidence Based Nursing And Practices · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 74–81 Read article
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Post: Review of Punravartak Jwara with Relationship to Recent Surge in Cardiac Death and COVID-19 Infection
Abstract: The unprecedented 12.5% surge of sudden cardiac death has been reported after COVID-19 outbreak. Central health agency has opined that the COVID-19 vaccine has no relationship with this surge; but the sudden cardiac death with shift i.e. the sudden cardiac death of young in their 40 even with cases of sudden cardiac death in the age group of 20–40. This paradigm change in the prevalence is of serious concern as …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 27–31 Read article
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Climate Change and Air Pollution Dynamics: Synergistic Effects and Mitigation Strategies
Abstract: Climate change and air pollution are deeply interlinked environmental problems that jointly exacerbate human health, ecosystem integrity, and economic well‑being. As global temperatures rise, shifts in meteorological conditions—such as increased heat, altered precipitation, and more frequent extreme weather events—modify pollutant generation, dispersion, chemical transformation, and removal processes. Meanwhile, many sources of air pollution are also sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs), giving rise to potential co‑benefits or trade‑offs when formulating mitigation …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Noise and Pollution Control · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 38–42 Read article
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Impact of Pre-Operative Nebulized Lidocaine–Dexmedetomidine Combination Versus Monotherapy on Incidence, Severity, and Patient Comfort Scores of Post-Operative Sore Throat: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Abstract: Post-operative sore throat (POST) is a common issue after endotracheal intubation and can reduce patient comfort and hinder recovery. This randomized, double-blind clinical study investigated how effective pre-operative nebulized lidocaine, dexmedetomidine, and their combination are in minimizing POST. Eligible adult patients classified as ASA I–II and scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia were randomly assigned to three groups. Nebulization was administered 15–20 minutes before induction using standardized dosing and …
Published in International Journal of Biomedical Innovations and Engineering · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 29–35 Read article
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THE BURDEN OF EMPIRICAL THERAPY: ANALYZING THE PREDOMINANCE OF BROAD-SPECTRUM ANTIBIOTIC USAGE IN LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS
Abstract: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) remain one of the leading causes of morbidity and hospitalization worldwide, particularly among older adults, immunocompromised individuals, and patients with chronic respiratory disorders. These infections include conditions such as community-acquired pneumonia, hospital-acquired pneumonia, bronchitis, and acute infective exacerbations of chronic lung disease, all of which often require rapid clinical intervention. Because microbiological confirmation of the causative pathogen frequently takes 48–72 hours, clinicians generally initiate empirical …
Published in International Journal of Antibiotics · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Assessment of Quality of Postnatal Care Services Offered to Mothers in Hospitals of Tigray Ethiopia, 2016
Abstract: Each year, 287,000 women die from complications related to pregnancy and childbirth, and about 99% of these deaths occur in developing countries. The first hours, days and weeks after childbirth are a dangerous time for both the mother and newborn infant. Postnatal care prevents the great majority of maternal and child morbidity and mortality. This study therefore, aims to assess quality of postnatal care services offered to mothers in Tigray …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 11–19 Read article
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Thyroid Abscess: Presentation and Management: A Case Report in Adult Patient
Abstract: Introduction: Thyroid abscess is an uncommon condition. This is due to: 1) anatomical factors in the form of rich blood supply and well developed capsule; and 2) physiological factors such as high iodine content. Both Acute Suppurative Thyroiditis (AST) and thyroid abscess represent 0.1 to 0.7% of the thyroid lesions managed surgically. Aim: To raise the clinical suspicion of this condition among clinicians so that it can be diagnosed early …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 8–12 Read article
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Some Neurofasciocutaneous Flaps in the Coverage of Lower Leg Soft Tissue Defects
Abstract: Reconstruction of soft tissue defects of heel, ankle, and distal third of the leg is one of the most difficult assignments for plastic surgeons and it remains a challenge to seek safer options with less morbidity. We report on 28 pedicle perforator flaps without harvesting major vessels in the lower leg reconstruction. In the lower extremities, there were 16 sural neurofasciocutaneous flaps with an axis on the sural nerve, 8 …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 7–12 Read article
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Dietary Habit, Anthropometric Measurements and Haematological Parameters in Correlation with Prevalence of Iron-Deficiency Anaemia among Never Married Tribal Female Postgraduates of Assam, India
Abstract: Iron deficiency (ID) is the most common nutritional deficiency and familiar cause of anaemia worldwide. Among the tribal population of India, the scenario of anaemia is severe. Eating habit along with a number of genetic haemoglobin (Hb) disorders has been found to modify the morbidity and mortality of these populations. Providing information on causes and prevalence rate on anaemia among tribal population in one of the severely affected international border …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Health Professions · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 19–26 Read article
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A Study to Assess the Awareness of the Breast Cancer Screening Among Teacher Training Students in Selected Teacher Training Institutions at Mysuru with the View to Conduct Educational Program
Abstract: Background: Cancer is one of the major causes of death both in developed and developing countries. Breast cancer is defined by the uncontrollable proliferation of cells within the breast, encompassing different forms of cancer that impact the breast tissue. The majority of breast cancer cases manifest as painless lumps, while a smaller percentage may exhibit additional symptoms. Breast cancer is amenable to almost complete care if detected in its early …
Published in International Journal of Oncological Nursing and Practices · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 17–31 Read article
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Research and Review: On Irsale Alaq (Medicinal Leech), Mechanism of Action and its Uses with Applied Site
Abstract: Leech therapy is based on the concept of balancing body humours. In the Unani system of medicine the majority of the disease caused by the endogenous factors by excessive Humours accumulated of morbid matters foodstuffs or the metabolic products. There are 6 evacuation methods for the balancing of humours viz bloodletting, purging, vomiting, sweating, cauterization and diuresis are described. Among those methods, bloodletting methods are a most popular and effective …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 19–25 Read article
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Study of Blunt Traumatic Abdominal Solid Organ Injuries with Special Reference to Non-operative Management
Abstract: With increasing number of motor vehicles, the incidence of Blunt Trauma Abdomen (BTA) is on the rise. It has been posing severe threat to mobile population of society. With paucity of specialized trauma centers at primary and secondary level hospitals, BTA is either missed or delayed or is over enthusiastically treated by operative intervention in all cases, thereby increasing morbidity and mortality. The aim is to evaluate the criteria for …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 26–29 Read article
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Percentage Changes According to Clinical Pathological Findings of Acute Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in Children
Abstract: Acute Rotavirus gastroenteritis in children, called “False Cholera”, is one of the children’s diarrheal diseases. Among symptomatic children with acute Rotavirus gastroenteritis, the chief clinical manifestations include diarrhoea, vomiting, fever and dehydration. We did research with such aims as follows to differentiate Acute Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in Children, with significant morbidity, from others in paediatric gastroenterology, and to introduce its etiological treatment. We selected 87 subjects who died from children’s diarrheal …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 51–57 Read article
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Monoclonal antibodies in targeted cancer therapy advances, resistance mechanisms, and next-gen formats (Bispesifics, ADCs)
Abstract: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and death worldwide, which emphasizes the need for more effective and focused treatment strategies. antibody-mediated drug delivery techniques. Specifically, antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) have emerged as a potential approach that combines the specificity of monoclonal antibodies with the potent cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs. By selectively targeting tumor-associated antigens, ADCs enhance drug accumulation within cancer cells while minimizing systemic toxicity associated …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 17, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 62–79 Read article
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Dental Professional's Role in Early Detection of Oral Carcinoma- A Review
Abstract: It is well known today that early diagnosis of oral carcinoma greatly increases the probability of cure, therefore leading to minimum impairment and deformity. Oral cancer incidence rose dramatically during the 20th century in the United States and Europe. Delays in the diagnosis of oral cancer are universal and affect a significant number of patients throughout the world. Clinical examination and diagnostic techniques can lead to the early detection of …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry · Vol. 2, Issue 1-3, 2011 · pp. 22–33 Read article
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Laboratory Diagnosis of COVID-19—Lessons Learnt So Far: A Review of Literature
Abstract: The world has been experiencing a viral pandemic called as Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) from beginning of 2020. The cases have been initially recorded in Wuhan, China but over a 4-month period (till the time this review is written) spread throughout the world causing severe morbidity and mortality. As it is a new viral infection, newer diagnostic techniques are in the pipeline. As of now, the recommended tests are the molecular …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 14–21 Read article
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A short review on scenario of Type 1 diabetes in Australia
Abstract: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by an autoimmune attack on pancreatic beta cells that leads to insulin deficiency. The incidence of T1D in Australia has doubled over the past 20 years. T1D treatment focuses on physiological insulin replacement, aiming for near-normal blood glucose levels. Morbidity and mortality result in hypoglycemia in T1D. Better results can be achieved by following some of the new technologies which includes insulin pumps, continuous …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 1–5 Read article