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341 articles for “infrared”
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A Review on Automatic Railway Gate Control System
Abstract: Railway transportation is one of the most efficient and widely used modes of transport; however, safety at level crossings remains a critical issue, especially at unmanned or manually operated gates. A significant number of accidents happen as a result of human carelessness, insufficient coordination, and postponed gate operations. To address these issues, the Automatic Railway Gate Control System has been created as a viable solution to improve safety and minimize …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 17, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Design, Synthesis, and in vitro Evaluation of Novel Benz/Imidazole-2-acetonitrile Derivatives as Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents
Abstract: Benzimidazole is a pharmaceutically important compound. In this research, we were able to prepare several heterocyclic derivatives from it by first preparing a new azo derivative ZH through a reaction of 3-aminoacetophenone with benzimidazole-2-acetonitrile. This azo derivative was then introduced via a condensation reaction with aromatic amine derivatives, resulting in the preparation of two Schiff base derivatives Z1 and Z2. From these bases, six and seven membered heterocyclic derivatives were …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 53–87 Read article
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Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermogravimetric Analysis of Polylactic Acid-Based Bio-Adhesive for Industrial Applications
Abstract: This study investigated the synthesis, characterization, and thermogravimetric analysis of polylactic acid (PLA)-based bio-adhesives for industrial applications. The adhesive was synthesized using an emulsion polymerization method with varying compositions of PLA and vinyl acetate. The physicochemical, mechanical, and thermal properties of the synthesized adhesives were assessed through pH analysis, viscosity measurement, peel strength evaluation, tack tests, biodegradability investigations, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Thermogravimetric Analysis …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 42–56 Read article
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Synthesis and Evaluation of MgO-Supported Activated Carbon for Carbon dioxide Capture
Abstract: Carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture has emerged as a critical strategy for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and addressing global climate change. In this study, a series of MgO-supported activated carbon adsorbents containing 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 wt% MgO were successfully synthesized using the impregnation method to evaluate their CO₂ adsorption performance. The structural, chemical, and surface properties of the prepared materials were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 53–57 Read article
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Hybrid Polymer Composites Reinforced with Coconut Shell Fillers and Silica Fume: Synergistic Effects of Industrial By-Products: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: The increasing requirement of sustainable and high-performance engineering materials has led to increased research in hybrid polymer composites comprising sustainable fillers in the form of renewable biomass or industrial by-products. Among the various bio-fillers that exist, coconut shell filler is gaining much prominence due to its low density, high content of lignin, hardness, and abundance as agricultural waste. Another industrial by-product that is rich in amorphous silica and possesses high …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2026 · pp. 1296–1307 Read article
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A Review on Home Automation System using IoT
Abstract: The theme of this IoT-based Home Automation System is to create a smarter, safer, and more energy-efficient living environment by integrating modern sensing and communication technologies. Convenience and time management have become vital components of daily living in today's fast-paced society. The growing demand for intelligent living has encouraged the adoption of technologies that automate everyday activities, strengthen residential security, and improve the efficient utilization of energy resources. Home automation …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Machine Analysis and Design · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Nanocrystalline CeO2 and Ce0.95Cu0.05O2 Solid Solution Catalysts Properties and its Applications
Abstract: The Main study and the development of CeO2 and Cu doped CeO2 nanocrystals containing transition-metal species are of crucial importance for understanding the preparation and fabrication of CeO2 and Cu doped CeO2 nanoparticles by solution combustion technique to taken glycine as fuel. Here, we have investigated the effect of Cerium dioxide and Cu dopant ions on the structural properties of Ce1-xCuxO2 nanocrystals (NCs) synthesized via co-precipitation technique. XRD results confirmed …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 11, Issue 4, 2024 Read article
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An IoT-Based Integrated Vehicle Safety System for Accident Detection and Driver Monitoring
Abstract: Driver fatigue, alcohol and slow response of emergency services are among a significant issue of road accidents. The paper will provide a real-life example of an IoT-based vehicle safety system, which will combine the accident detection, driver drowsiness and alcohol sensors with a cohesive system. The proposed system consists of use of accelerometer for sudden collision detection, infrared eye blink sensor for determining alertness of the driver and MQ-3 alcohol …
Published in International Journal of Electronics Automation · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Studies on the Self-Assembly of Steroids and DNA Mediated by Naphthalene-Based Amphiphilic Block Copolymer
Abstract: Amphiphilic block copolymers have attracted considerable interest in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications, including controlled drug release, gene delivery, and biomolecular sensing. In this study, fluorescent amphiphilic block copolymers were designed to facilitate interactions with biological molecules, such as DNA and antiviral agents, enabling their behavior to be monitored through fluorescence spectroscopy. Two novel block copolymers, poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-co-naphthyl methacrylate) [PMMA-b-P(DMAEMA-co-NMA)] and poly(styrene)-b-poly(tert-butyl acrylate-co-naphthyl methacrylate) [PS-b-P(t-BA-co-NMA)], were synthesized successfully via atom …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 5, 2026 · pp. 183–196 Read article
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In-Situ Polymerized GO/PANI Composites: Structural Evolution, Optical Modulation, and NH₃ Sensing at Room Temperature
Abstract: Graphene oxide (GO)/polyaniline (PANI) composites with varying PANI contents (20, 40, and 60 wt%) were synthesized via in-situ oxidative polymerization and systematically investigated for their structural, morphological, optical, and gas-sensing properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed a progressive increase in interlayer spacing and partial exfoliation of GO layers with increasing PANI content, indicating intercalation-assisted hybridization. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed the characteristic vibrational bands of both constituents and confirmed strong …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 · pp. 509–525 Read article
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AEROGELS – A VALUE ADDITION TO HARVEST SOLAR ENERGY
Abstract: Aerogels are a class of synthetic porous ultralight material that was created in 1930 and derived from a gel, in which the liquid component has been replaced with a gas without collapsing the gel structure by freeze-drying. It is made of silica, but carbon, iron oxide, gold, copper, polymer etc. can also be used. During freeze drying the liquid in the gel is slowly dried off without collapsing the solid …
Published in Journal of Thermal Engineering and Applications · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 23–39 Read article
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Speed Detection of Vehicles Using Ir Sensors
Abstract: The goal of this article is to detect automobiles travelling at excessive speeds on highway roads. Despite the highway's maximum speed restriction, numerous accidents occur as a result of over speeding. According to a recent study, current speed detection technology and methodologies are more expensive and can only identify one car at a time. Many various technologies are available to develop over speed detection systems, including as radar or laser …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 11–14 Read article
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Internet of Things based Car Parking System using ESP- 32 and Blynk
Abstract: The security of the vehicles at the populated places has always been an area of concern. At many crowded places where a number of vehicles enter and exit every day, the security has to be taken into account so that chaos is reduced by using an efficient model. This paper shows the implementation of an Internet of Things based car parking system which consists of electronic components such as infrared …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 21–28 Read article
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Doping of Cerium, Boron and Sulphur with ZnO Nanoparticles and their Impact on Lattice Parameters, Studied through UDM Model
Abstract: Un-doped and tri-doped ZnO nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by the simple sol-gel method. Tri-doped nanoparticles of ZnO were prepared by using Ce, B and S as a dopant in concentrations of 1, 2 and 4 wt% with respect to ZnO. The effect of Ce, B and S on the ZnO nanoparticles was investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques against particles …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 21–28 Read article
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Gluconic acid production from cane molasses using Aspergillus carneus
Abstract: Gluconic acid is a multifunctional organic acid, non-volatile, non-corrosive, non-toxic, readily biodegradable, with environmentally friendly properties. In this study, gluconic acid was produced from the treated molasses using Aspergillus carneus strain under the submerged fermentation. The parameters were studied using the four-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design using using Design Expert ® version 11. The acid produced was characterized using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The optimum values of the parameters were …
Published in Emerging Trends in Chemical Engineering · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 37–44 Read article
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Line Follower Car
Abstract: The line follower car is a machine, or we can say a robot, which follows the visible line on the surface or floor which is simply a black line on a white surface. This kind of a car has the ability to sense the line with the help of the Infrared Ray (IR) sensors which is installed under the car. After that the data which is collected by the sensors …
Published in Journal of Automobile Engineering and Applications · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 29–33 Read article
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Investigating the Effect of Spectral Variations on the Performance of Monocrystalline, Polycrystalline and Amorphous Silicon Solar Cells
Abstract: The study of spectral variations is very important in the characterization of silicon solar cells. The spectral variations of monocrystalline, polycrystalline and amorphous solar cells is studied through the spectral response with the help of spectral response evaluation meter, CEP-25HS-50SR. PVsyst 6.4.3 software is used to study the variation of air mass throughout the day and the year and to understand that how solar irradiance varies with the changing air …
Published in Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 28–36 Read article
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Synthesis, Characterization and Drug Delivery Application of Poly (Acid Fuchsin) Based Triblock Copolymer
Abstract: Synthesis, characterization and its drug delivery application of Poly (acid fuchsin) (PAF) was done under inert atmosphere. The (M0/I0) was maintained at 100. In order to increase the molecular weight and processability, it was block copolymerized with ε-caprolactone (CL) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) separately. The conductivity value of PAF was found to be decreased after the chemical conjugation with poly(ε-caprolctone) (PCL) and poly(tetrahydrofuran) (PTHF) blocks. Thus obtained triblock copolymer was subjected …
Published in Journal of Catalyst & Catalysis · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 33–43 Read article
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Automatic Toll Collection System
Abstract: This paper presents the automatic toll collection system. This is Arduino based automatic system using infrared sensors. Automatic toll collection system’s purpose is to collect toll from the vehicles without making the vehicle stop at a toll booth. In this system, the user only has to get the transmitter from the main toll office. The transmitter will be charged by the operator of the booth office and the data will …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 35–38 Read article
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IoT Based Self-Parking Car (Parallel Parking)
Abstract: Abstract: As fast growth in population, the problem of parking space is surplus as no. of car increases. Because of limited parking space, people have to wait in the queue to get their car parked. Parallel parking in narrow spaces is often the most tedious and annoying task for drivers. The situation becomes even harder when visibility behind the vehicle decreased because of the aerodynamic shape of a car. To …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 15–19 Read article