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228 articles for “chlorides”
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Durability study of flyash induced polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete
Abstract: The need for sustainable and durable construction materials has led to the use of supplementary cementitious materials and synthetic fibers in concrete. The use of fly ash and polypropylene fibers (PPF) could improve the mechanical properties and durability of the concrete while also reducing the environmental impact of concrete production. Flyash and fibres are the recognised replacement which can add to the unique properties to the Portland cement, The use …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 4, 2026 Read article
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Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Approaches for Corrosion Prediction and Management of Steel Reinforcement in Concrete: A Systematic Review
Abstract: Load bearing concrete structures need steel reinforcement bar (rebar), which are prone to attack by the corrosive environment inside the concrete due to constant ingress of moisture, pollutant gases and anions (mainly Cl−, SO42−). In recent models for the potential life span, the causes of failure of concrete structures have been established principally due to the chloride (Cl−) ion, because of the ease in transportation of Cl− in concrete and …
Published in Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research & Advances · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2025 Read article
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Spatial Mapping and Analysis of Ground Water Pollution in Pallavaram Municipality
Abstract: The usage of groundwater has gradually increased because of the increase in water demand and the shortage of surface water. Pallavaram is one such sector in Chennai Municipal Corporation using groundwater as the predominant water source. Ground water samples in and around the industries and the dumpsite in Pallavaram were studied to assess the impact of pollution on ground water resources in the particular area. Groundwater samples were collected during …
Published in Journal of Water Pollution & Purification Research · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 9–19 Read article
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Treatment of Textile Wastewater using Bentonite Clay as a Natural Coagulant
Abstract: The main objective of the present study was treatment of dye waste by coagulation with clay to achieve maximum removal efficiency of color and sludge.The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of bentonite clay as coagulant in treatment of textile wastewater. The coagulant prepared was employed for the removal of sludge at the different doses. The maximum coagulant for removal of colour and sludge was found at an …
Published in Journal of Water Pollution & Purification Research · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 24–27 Read article
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Use of Rice Straw as an Adsorbant to Eliminate Waste Color of Textile Industry Wastewater
Abstract: Textile wastewater contains different colors which are harmful to the environment. The removal of dyes from effluent using adsorption process provides an attractive alternative treatment, especially if the adsorbant is inexpensive and readily available. In this present research paper natural adsorbant rice straw is used for removal of color from waste effluent of textile industry. The adsorbant prepared was employed for the removal of color at the different doses. The …
Published in Journal of Water Pollution & Purification Research · Vol. 1, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 18–21 Read article
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Groundwater Quality and Its Suitability Assessment for Irrigation and Drinking in Different Aquifers of Faridpur, Bangladesh
Abstract: Abstract Thirty five groundwater samples were collected to appraise the chemical constituents in order to classify them on the basis of their suitability for irrigation and drinking. The considered water quality parameters are pH, EC, TDS, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, iron, manganese, boron, sulphate, bicarbonate, chloride, sodium adsorption ratio, residual sodium carbonate, soluble sodium percentage, Kelly’s ratio, magnesium percentage and hardness. All the water samples were neutral to slightly alkaline …
Published in Journal of Water Pollution & Purification Research · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 5–14 Read article
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Bacterial Densities and Physicochemical Qualities of Surface Water Sources in Some Selected Communities of Ekiti State
Abstract: Abstract The present study attempts to bring on acute awareness among the people about the quality of surface water samples used for drinking in selected communities of Ekiti State. The experiment analyses their bacterial density and physicochemical parameters such as pH, (7.2–8.1), temperature (22.2–29.0°C) conductivity (6–49 µs/cm), total dissolved solids (0.045–163 mg/L), total suspended solids (0.014–102 mg/L), total hardness (40–102 mg/L), biological oxygen demand (2.3–10.4 mg/L), nitrate (1.7–21.34 mg/L), phosphate …
Published in Journal of Water Pollution & Purification Research · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 19–29 Read article
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Development of Inhibitive Water-based Drilling Fluid System for Shale Formation
Abstract: The drilling of troublesome shale formations leads to severe wellbore instability problems due to swelling and dispersion of the shale cuttings in the welllbore. Hence, the formulation of inhibitive water-based drilling fluid system with enhanced rheological properties and filtration characteristics is a critical issue for these complex shale formations. This research article consists of a favourable drilling fluid system developed using potassium chloride (KCL), partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA), ethylene glycol …
Published in Recent Trends in Fluid Mechanics · Vol. 1, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 41–45 Read article
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Role of Solvent on the Synthesis Structure of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
Abstract: Zinc oxide nanoparticles are synthesized by simple precipitation method in two different solvents, i.e., in distilled water and methanol. The zinc chloride and sodium hydroxide pellets are used as reactant precursors in both cases. The authors have analyzed the effect of solvents on crystal size and structure of zinc oxide nanoparticles. The samples were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and UV-Vis spectroscopic techniques. The high absorption peak for zinc oxide …
Published in Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications · Vol. 17, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 42–45 Read article
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Physico-Chemical Analysis of Underground Water in Winter Season 2014 of Rewa City (M.P.), India
Abstract: This paper presents physico-chemical analysis of underground water in winter season in the year of 2014 of Rewa district, Madhya Pradesh state, India. Most of samples are within prescribed limits as suggested by World Health Organization (WHO), Indian Standard Institute (ISI) for drinking purpose and BIS desirable limit. Seasonal changes in physical and chemical parameters like colour, odour, taste, pH, total dissolved solids, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, sodium, sulphate, carbonate, …
Published in Journal of Modern Chemistry & Chemical Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 9–12 Read article
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Studies on Physico-Chemical Properties of Ulhas River Water along Dombivli City Near Mumbai
Abstract: Ulhas River is one amongst the polluted rivers. The Ulhas River has its origin in Sahyadri hills near Khandala. It flows down through the industrial areas of cities such as Badlapur Ambernath, Ambivli, Ulhasnagar, Kalyan, Dombivli and finally meets the Arabian Sea. The Dombivli city is situated near Mumbai in the Maharashtra State of India. The city has tremendously industrialized, which subsequently increased the generation of wastes from these industries. …
Published in Journal of Modern Chemistry & Chemical Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Comparative Quality Assesment of River Ganga and River Behar in Winter Season
Abstract: The present study was conducted to the Comparative Quality Assessment of River Ganga and River Behar in Winter Season 2014 of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh State, India. All samples were compared with standard values recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Indian Standard (ISI) and BIS for drinking purpose. Seasonal variation in physical and chemical parameters like Colour, Odour, Taste, Turbidity, pH, Total hardness, calcium, magnesium, Total alkalinity, …
Published in Journal of Modern Chemistry & Chemical Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Reduction of Chemical Oxygen Demand of Industrial Reverse Osmosis (RO) Reject Water by Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment
Abstract: Reverse osmosis (RO) technology is now applied in many industrial water treatment processes for producing low saline water which are required for demineralized water production for boiler operation of thermal power generation plant, metallurgy and many others. The RO reject water having high salinity are mostly rich in sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and other metal salts of chloride, sulphate, sulphite, nitrate, nitrite, silica (SiO2), carbonate, bicarbonate, hydroxide and many other …
Published in Journal of Modern Chemistry & Chemical Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 67–73 Read article
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Physicochemical Qualitative Analysis of River Water, Underground Water and Pond Water of Rewa City, Madhya Pradesh, India
Abstract: In this research, study of physical-chemical qualitative analysis of river water, underground water and pond water of Rewa city, Madhya Pradesh, India in the year of 2016 has been done. All the water samples are within prescribed limits as suggested by the World Health Organization, Indian Standard Institute and BIS desirable limit. Yearly variation in physical and chemical parameters like temperature, turbidity, color, odor, pH value, total hardness, calcium (Ca2+), …
Published in Journal of Modern Chemistry & Chemical Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 17–34 Read article
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Current Updates on Risk Factors of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a rising incidence in India frequently due to high prevalence of viral hepatitis, alcoholism, aflatoxin and its complications. HCC may affect more than 100 out of 100,000 people who live in some parts of Asia and Africa. Whatever that affects your probability of getting an ailment is called risk factor. Several risk factors, such as sex and place where you were born, are out of your …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 23–31 Read article
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Synthesis of CaCl2.6H2O by Using Phase Diagram and Verification of its Ability to Remain as a Hexahydrate at Various Thermal Effects
Abstract: Antarcticite (CaCl2.6H2O) is one of the salt hydrate forms of Calcium chloride. It has a specific application in energy storage systems at ambient temperature, since its melting point is around 29ºC. During the conventional synthesis of Antarcticite, a risk of other hydrates crystallization is there. An experimental procedure is designed through binary melting phase diagram for selective crystallization of Antarcticite from aqueous CaCl2 solution. The melting and recrystallization behavior of …
Published in Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 60–71 Read article
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Analysis of Groundwater Quality Parameters of Kandra River Basin of Panhala Tehsil, Kolhapur District, Maharashtra
Abstract: The Kandra river basin occupies an area of about 148 sq. km. in Kolhapur District of Maharashtra. The area lies between Long. 740 0′ 9″ E to 740 05′ 12″ E and Lat. 160 45′ 10″ N to 160 50′ 10″ N in Survey of India Toposheet no. 47L/1. The study area is mainly underlain by Deccan basaltic flows. Quaternary and recent formations are confined mainly to the river valleys. …
Published in Journal of Remote Sensing & GIS · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 65–69 Read article
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In vitro Demonstration of Biofilm Formation on Catheter Materials by Candida Species Isolated from Blood Stream Infections
Abstract: In recent years, a progressive increase in the frequency of nosocomial candidaemia has been observed. Candidaemia due to vascular catheters are on the rise. There are many associated risk factors such as the type of patient, catheter location, frequency of change of cannulae, duration of catheterization, etc. Candida species produce biofilms on synthetic materials, which facilitate adhesion of the organisms to devices and render them relatively refractory to medical therapy. …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2012 · pp. 4–11 Read article
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Increased Erythrocyte Osmotic Fragility and Serum Interleukin Eight Titers are Hallmarks of Patients with Dengue Virus Infection
Abstract: To investigate serum IFN-γ and IL8 titers, osmotic fragility and membrane cholesterol, and protein composition of erythrocytes of dengue fever patients. Seventy seven confirmed dengue patients along with 69 patients with other febrile infection (OFI) and 77 healthy controls (HC) were included in the study. The osmotic fragility of red blood cells was monitored using different concentrations of sodium chloride. The quantification of serum IFN-γ and IL-8 was carried out …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 15–23 Read article
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Nanostructured TiO2 Prepared Through Sol–Gel Method Enhances the Activity of Antibiotics against Gram Positive Bacteria
Abstract: The synthesis and bioactivity of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles has been extensively studied. However, the antibacterial activity of TiO2 individually or in combination with different antibiotics has not been demonstrated. TiO2 was prepared by sol–gel process using precursor Titanium (IV) Chloride (TiCl4) and concentrated sulfuric acid in 4 h of calcinations at 550 °C and the enhancement effect of TiO2 nanoparticle on the antibacterial activity of different antibiotics was evaluated …
Published in Journal of Nanoscience, NanoEngineering & Applications · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2012 · pp. 6–12 Read article