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41 articles for “anesthesis”
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Total Intravenous Anesthesia Versus Inhalational Anesthesia in Ambulatory Surgery: Effects on Recovery, Postoperative Outcomes, and Patient Satisfaction
Abstract: Ambulatory surgery has expanded rapidly, creating a need for anesthetic techniques that promote rapid recovery, minimal complications, and high patient satisfaction. Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and inhalational anesthesia are widely used in day-care surgical practice, each with distinct pharmacological and clinical characteristics. This article compares TIVA and inhalational anesthesia with respect to perioperative hemodynamic stability, depth of anesthesia, recovery profiles, postoperative pain, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), discharge readiness, and …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 18–27 Read article
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Frequency of Failed Spinal Anesthesia and Associated Factors in Cesarean Section at Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan, KP, Pakistan
Abstract: Objective: Spinal anesthesia is the preferred choice of anesthesia for parturients having cesarean sections. Despite the high percentage of success in providing acceptable surgical anesthesia, failure of spinal anesthesia has been reported. This study aims to determine the frequency and associated factors related to failed spinal anesthesia during cesarean sections in pregnant women. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 149 pregnant women and was conducted at Mardan Medical Complex (MMC) …
Published in International Journal of Women's Health Nursing And Practices · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Pharmacogenomics in Anesthesia: Individualized Drug Responses
Abstract: Pharmacogenomics is the study of how a person’s genes influence how they react to medications. Pharmacology, the study of medications, and genomics, the examination of genes and their functions, merge in this field to develop safe, effective drugs that can be prescribed based on an individual’s genetic makeup. Pharmacogenomics examines how an individual’s unique genetic makeup can influence their responses to certain drugs. In anesthesia, where individual responses to pain …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 83–95 Read article
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Optimizing Anesthesia for Major Surgery: The Role of Sequential Combined Spinal-Epidural Technique
Abstract: The Combined Spinal Epidural (CSE) approach has been widely employed over the last decade because it achieves rapid onset and substantial blockage while also allowing for the modification or prolongation of the block. Background: Sequential spinal-epidural anesthesia (SSEA) combines the rapid onset and dense blockade of spinal anesthesia with the prolonged duration and adjustable analgesia of epidural anesthesia. This technique is particularly beneficial in major surgeries requiring prolonged operative time …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 12–18 Read article
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Comparison of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) Rates in Opioid-Free Anesthesia Protocols Versus Traditional Regimens with Varying Plane Block Techniques
Abstract: Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) continue to be important adverse effects that negatively influence patient recovery and satisfaction following surgery. Opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) and regional plane blocks show potential in decreasing these complications when compared with conventional opioid-based anesthesia (OBA). Objective: To compare the incidence and severity of PONV among patients receiving OFA with transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block versus OBA with TAP or erector spinae plane (ESP) blocks. …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Phentolamine Mesylate: An Antidote for Local Anesthesia; A Boon in Dentistry
Abstract: The most frequently administered drugs in dentistry are local anesthetics. Local anesthetics also represent the safest and the most effective drugs available in medicine for both the control and prevention of pain occurring during and following invasive procedures. These not only provide relief from pain during procedures but also leave an inconvenient residual numbness that takes some time to wear off following completion of dental procedures. OraVerse, an injectable formulation …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 11–14 Read article
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Comprehensive Review on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Following General Anesthesia
Abstract: Postoperative nausea and vomiting, often known as PONV, is a common and uncomfortable consequence that occurs after general anesthesia. Patients of all ages are susceptible to experiencing this condition. Even though there have been advances in anaesthesia procedures and treatments, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) continues to be a serious concern since it has the potential to cause patients to experience discomfort, delay their recovery, extend their hospital stays, and …
Published in International Journal of Advance in Molecular Engineering · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 20–26 Read article
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Pharmacogenomics in Anesthesia: Case Studies and Clinical Applications for Personalized Care
Abstract: Pharmacogenomics, the study of how genetic variability influences individual responses to medications, is transforming anesthetic practice by enabling personalized care. This case study collection explores the integration of pharmacogenomic insights into anesthesia management, highlighting its impact on safety, efficacy, and patient outcomes. Adverse reactions to anesthetics often arise from genetic polymorphisms that alter drug metabolism or sensitivity. For instance, patients with RYR1 mutations are susceptible to malignant hyperthermia (MH) when …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 85–91 Read article
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Needle Choice in Spinal Anesthesia: Is the 25-Gauge Whitacre Superior to the Quincke in Reducing Post-Dural Puncture Headache
Abstract: The process known as endotracheal intubation involves inserting a synthetic tube into the trachea and inflating the former’s cuff to create an airtight seal. Of all the specialized masks in the LMA family, the PLMA is the most intricate. The cuff, the airway tube, the drain (gastric access) tube, and the inflation line with pilot balloon are their four primary components. This drain tube aids in identifying mask malposition and …
Published in Emerging Trends in Personalized Medicines · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 22–30 Read article
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Molecular Mechanisms of Drug Metabolism in Anesthesia: A Pharmacogenomic Perspective
Abstract: Pharmacogenomics studies how a person’s genetic profile affects their reaction to drugs, which is vital in anesthesia. Anesthetic pharmacology depends significantly on drug metabolism, which involves complex biochemical processes that manage the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of anesthetic drugs. The cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme family plays a critical role in the metabolism of various anesthetic drugs, with genetic polymorphisms leading to inter-individual variability in drug responses. Specific CYP …
Published in Research & Reviews: A Journal of Drug Formulation, Development and Production · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 90–95 Read article
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Comparison to Evaluate Pain Perceived on Administration of Local Anesthesia for Oral Surgery by Vibrating Needle and Conventional Syringe
Abstract: AbstractAim: The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare pain experienced during insertion of needle and administration of local anaesthesia on the palate, with VibraJect (a vibrating attachment to the conventional syringe) and conventional syringe. The purpose of the study was to investigate the efficacy of the VibraJect dental syringe attachment in reducing pain and discomfort during administration of palatal block and procedural anxiety in patient undergoing dental …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 34–39 Read article
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Comparative Study of Analgesic Effect of Intrathecal Magnesium Sulphate, Clonidine and Dexmedetomidine as an Adjunct to Intrathecal Bupivacaine in Spinal Anesthesia for Lower Limb Orthopaedic Surgeries
Abstract: This prospective double blind, randomized controlled trial study was undertaken to compare the onset and duration of analgesia with the intrathecal bupivacaine and its combination with either clonidine or magnesium sulphate or dexmedetomidine, to establish the ideal combination of drug with least side effects. The study included 80 patients between age group 20–60 years of ASA grade I & II, scheduled for orthopaedic lower limb surgery. Patients were randomly assigned …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Medical Science and Technology · Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 13–18 Read article
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The Clinical Study on Conservative Therapy of Pediatric Intussusception: Caudal Block Improves the Success Rate
Abstract: Intestinal intussusception is one of diseases in which pediatric patient complain of acute abdominal pain and its morbidity is high. Therefore, it is necessary to diagnose and treat it swiftly but there are several difficulties for its treatment. Recently, there are many study and success for researching diagnosis and treatment of acute abdominal pain. Etiology and pathophysiology of intussusception are revealed so that noninvasive treatment is applied in clinical field. …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 29–34 Read article
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The Use of Retroperitoneum: Making A Wrapping for Splenic Salvage in Traumatic Splenic Rupture
Abstract: Objective: We have studied to verify indication of the splenic “wrapping” by using of retroperitoneum for splenic salvage in traumatic splenic rupture and reduce the operation time for splenic salvage. Methods: We have studied splenic wrapping for splenic salvage by using retroperitoneum instead of absorbable mesh in traumatic splenic rupture. Results: During the 4 years study period, 97 patients with splenic injuries were evaluated. According to efficacy of our new …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 7–11 Read article
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Comparison of Recovery Profile for Total Intravenous Anaesthesia (TIVA) Using Propofol And Remifentanil in Laparoscopic Surgeries
Abstract: Total Intravenous Anaesthesia (TIVA) has become an increasingly preferred technique in modern anaesthetic practice due to advantages such as reduced postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), improved hemodynamic stability, minimal environmental impact, and faster recovery compared to conventional inhalational anesthesia. Propofol in combination with remifentanil is widely used for TIVA because of its rapid onset and offset of action, which supports quick postoperative awakening and enhanced patient satisfaction. Target Controlled Infusion …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 39–50 Read article
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A Review on Anesthetic Drug Discovery with Computer Aided Drug Design
Abstract: In contemporary medicine, anaesthesia is essential for enabling surgical procedures, pain control, and patient comfort. Finding and creating safe and efficient anaesthetics is crucial to enhancing patient outcomes and developing the medical field. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of anesthetic drug discovery with a focus on the integration of computer-aided drug design (CADD) methodologies. Beginning with an exploration of anesthesia mechanisms and targets, we delve into the …
Published in International Journal of Antibiotics Read article
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Comparison of Intravenous Lignocaine and Esmolol in Attenuating Hemodynamic Response to Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation
Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous lignocaine versus esmolol in minimizing the hemodynamic response during laryngoscopy and intubation. Methods: This prospective, randomized controlled trial included patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either intravenous lignocaine (Group L) or esmolol (Group E) prior to induction. Hemodynamic parameters—such as heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Surgery · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 29–44 Read article
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Comparison Of Postoperative Sore Throat Following Endotracheal Intubation With Or Without Water Based Lubricating Jelly
Abstract: Background: Water-soluble lubricant gel (X-Y jelly) was evaluated for its ability to lessen the common throat pain that follows tracheal intubation under general anesthesia. Materials and Methods: scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia requiring endotracheal intubation, Were enrolled in a prospective, randomized, double-blind comparative study. They were split evenly into two -member cohorts. One cohort received 3 mL of water-soluble X-Y gel smeared from the cuff tip to 15 …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Health Professions · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Impact of Pre-Operative Nebulized Lidocaine–Dexmedetomidine Combination Versus Monotherapy on Incidence, Severity, and Patient Comfort Scores of Post-Operative Sore Throat: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Abstract: Post-operative sore throat (POST) is a common issue after endotracheal intubation and can reduce patient comfort and hinder recovery. This randomized, double-blind clinical study investigated how effective pre-operative nebulized lidocaine, dexmedetomidine, and their combination are in minimizing POST. Eligible adult patients classified as ASA I–II and scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia were randomly assigned to three groups. Nebulization was administered 15–20 minutes before induction using standardized dosing and …
Published in International Journal of Biomedical Innovations and Engineering · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 29–35 Read article
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Comparative Study of Rocuronium Bromide and Succinylcholine Regarding Ease of Intubating Conditions and Hemodynamic Parameters for Rapid Sequence Intubation in Adults
Abstract: Background: Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI) is an airway management procedure designed to quickly secure the airway while reducing the likelihood of gastric aspiration during anesthesia induction. For many years, Succinylcholine has been regarded as the preferred neuromuscular blocking agent for RSI because it produces muscle relaxation rapidly and has a relatively brief duration of action. However, its adverse effect profile – including hyperkalemia, bradyarrhythmias, malignant hyperthermia, and increased intracranial and …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Life Sciences · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 33–39 Read article