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Research and Reviews : Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology Review Article

Egg Quality in Laying Hens: Optimizing Genetic, Nutritional, Environmental and Management Factors for Sustainable Layer Farming

  1. Md. Emran Hossain Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram-4225
  2. Shilpi Islam 2Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1706

Abstract

This review paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the critical factors affecting egg quality in laying hens, focusing on the integration of genetic, environmental, nutritional, and management practices. Egg quality, including shell strength, albumen consistency, and yolk pigmentation, is a key determinant of both production efficiency and marketability. Genetic factors, such as selection for desirable traits, like shell integrity and yolk color, have a significant impact on the overall quality of eggs. Advances in genetic selection allow for the breeding of hens with improved reproductive performance and egg quality characteristics, leading to better outcomes in both small-scale and commercial production systems. Nutritionally, optimization of feed formulation plays a central role in ensuring an adequate supply of essential nutrients, such as calcium, protein, vitamins, and trace minerals, which directly influence egg composition and shell formation. Proper feeding strategies, especially during heat stress or peak production periods, are crucial for maintaining consistent egg quality. Environmental factors, including housing conditions, temperature, humidity, and ventilation, are equally vital. Proper management of these elements helps minimize stress and environmental impacts, ensuring hens’ well-being and optimal egg production. Management practices, such as uniform feed distribution, consistent feeding schedules, and efficient disease control measures, further contribute to maintaining high-quality eggs. This paper synthesizes recent advancements in each of these domains and highlights the practical applications of these insights for economically viable poultry farming.

Keywords

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