STM Journals Peer-reviewed research from Consortium e-Learning Network

Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology Review Article

Knowledge About the Noscomial Infection, Their Control and Prevention Procedures Followed at Matrisadan Complex UPHC 04 Rajpur-Sonarpur Municipality, Kolkata, West Bengal

  1. Nabaday Roy Department of Pharmacy, Urban Primary Health Centre
  2. Sumana Majumder Urban Primary Health Centre

Abstract

In this research work, a detailed study about Nosocomial infection has been done. Different Nosocomial infections have been discussed and a detailed study about prevention of Nosocomial infection has been done in one of the government healthcare facilities, named as UPHC 4 Rathtola Matrisadan, Rajpur-Sonarpur Municipality, Kolkata-700150. The study aims to highlight effective prevention strategies and measures implemented at this facility to control the spread of infections within the healthcare environment. The findings underscore the importance of stringent infection control practices in reducing hospital-acquired infections.

Method: The aforementioned healthcare facility was visited, and an interactive session was held with their staff regarding their methods for controlling nosocomial infections. During the visit, the facility's registers and patient inflow and outflow methods were observed, providing valuable insights into their infection control practices.

Conclusion: After a vivid analysis, a clear idea about Nosocomial infection has been made, and it has been observed that this Nosocomial infection is mainly a Man Made Error for which the main sufferers are healthcare staffs and the patients who visit the healthcare facility. In order to control this, we have to maintain certain basic principle so that we can save not only the life of healthcare related people, but also the general patients.

Keywords

References (40)

  1. WHO (2010). The burden of health care-associated infection worldwide. [Online] Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/the-burden-of-health-care-associated-infection-worldwide [Accessed on 10th April, 2024]
  2. Horan TC, Andrus M, Dudeck MA. CDC/NHSN surveillance definition of health care–associated infection and criteria for specific types of infections in the acute care setting. Am J Infect Control. 2008 Jun; 36(5): 309–32. [Online] https://www.ajicjournal.org/article/S0196-6553(08)00167-3/abstract
  3. Raja Danasekaran GM, Annadurai K. Prevention of healthcare-associated infections: protecting patients, saving lives. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2014; 1(1): 67–68.
  4. Vincent JL, Marshall J, Silva E, Anzueto A, Martin CD, Moreno R, et al. International study of the prevalence and outcomes of infection in intensive care units. JAMA. 2009; 302(21): 2323–2329.
  5. Allegranzi B. Report on the burden of endemic health care-associated infection worldwide. Geneva: WHO; 2011.
  6. Gupta A, Singh DK, Krutarth B, Maria N, Srinivas R. Prevalence of health care associated infections in a tertiary care hospital in Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka: a hospital based cross sectional study. Int J Med Res Health Sci. 2015; 4(2): 317–321.
  7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Vital signs: Central line–associated blood stream infections – United States, 2001, 2008, and 2009. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011; 60(08): 243–248.
  8. WHO. Proposed members of the WHO global guidelines for the prevention of bloodstream infections and other infections associated with the use of intravascular catheters. 2023.
  9. CDC. Bloodstream infection event (central line-associated bloodstream infection and non-central line-associated bloodstream infection). Atlanta, Georgia: CDC; 2015.
  10. Warren JW. Catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2001; 17(4): 299–303.
  11. CDC. Urinary tract infection (catheter-associated urinary tract infection [CAUTI] and non-catheter associated urinary tract infection [UTI]) and other urinary system infection [USI]) events. Atlanta, Georgia: CDC; 2016.
  12. Anderson DJ. Surgical site infections. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2011; 25(1): 135–153.
  13. Owens CD. Surgical site infections: epidemiology, microbiology and prevention. J Hosp Infect. 2008; 70(Suppl 2): 3–10.
  14. Hunter JD. Ventilator associated pneumonia. BMJ. 2012; 344: 40–44.
  15. Steven M, Koenig JDT. Ventilator-associated pneumonia: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2006; 19(4): 637–657.
  16. Hjalmarson DEC. Ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis and pneumonia: thinking outside the box. Clin Infect Dis. 2010; 51(Suppl 1): S59–S66.
  17. Suresh G, Joshi GML. Acinetobacter baumannii: an emerging pathogenic threat to public health. World J Clin Infect Dis. 2013; 3(3): 25–36.
  18. Jayanthi A. Most common healthcare-associated infections: 25 bacteria, viruses causing HAIs. Becker's Hospital Review. 2014.
  19. CDC. Diseases and organisms in healthcare settings. Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Atlanta, Georgia: CDC; 2016.
  20. Aitken CJD. Nosocomial spread of viral disease. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2001; 14(3): 528–546.
  21. Ducel JF, Nicolle L. Prevention of hospital-acquired infections. Geneva: WHO; 2002.
  22. Emily RM, Sydnor TMP. Hospital epidemiology and infection control in acute-care settings. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2011; 24(1): 141–173.
  23. Nejad SB, Syed SB, Ellis B, Pittet D. Health-care-associated infection in Africa: a systematic review. Bull World Health Org. 2011; 89: 757–765.
  24. Tomar SL. Public Health Perspectives on Surveillance for Periodontal Diseases. Journal of Periodontology. 2007;78(7S):1380-1386. doi:10.1902/jop.2007.060340
  25. Morris AK, Russell CD. Enhanced surveillance of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia to identify targets for infection prevention. Journal of Hospital Infection. 2016;93(2):169-174. doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2016.03.003
  26. Murdoch F, Danial J, Morris AK, Czarniak E, Bishop JL, Glass E, et al. The Scottish enhanced Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia surveillance programme: the first 18 months of data in adults. Journal of Hospital Infection. 2017;97(2):133-139. doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2017.06.008
  27. Agarwal R, Mohapatra S, Rath GP, Kapil A. Active surveillance of health care-associated infections in neurosurgical patients. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017; 11(7): DC01–DC04. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Zuschneid I, Rücker G, Schoop R, Beyersmann J, Schumacher M, Geffers C, et al. Representativeness of the Surveillance Data in the Intensive Care Unit Component of the German Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 2010;31(9):934-938. doi:10.1086/655462
  29. Garner JS, Jarvis WR, Emori TG, Horan TC, Hughes JM. CDC definitions for nosocomial infections, 1988. American Journal of Infection Control. 1988;16(3):128-140. doi:10.1016/0196-6553(88)90053-3
  30. Emori TG, Culver DH, Horan TC, Jarvis WR, White JW, Olson DR, et al. National nosocomial infections surveillance system (NNIS): Description of surveillance methods. American Journal of Infection Control. 1991;19(1):19-35. doi:10.1016/0196-6553(91)90157-8
  31. Schoop R, Beyersmann J, Schumacher M, Zuschneid I, Rücker G. Are KISS Data Representative of German Intensive Care Units? Methods of Information in Medicine. 2006;45(04):424-429. doi:10.1055/s-0038-1634099
  32. Gastmeier P, Schwab F, Geffers C, Rüden H. To Isolate or Not to Isolate? Analysis of Data From the German Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System Regarding the Placement of Patients With Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Private Rooms in Intensive Care Units. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 2004;25(2):109-113. doi:10.1086/502359
  33. Mehta Y, Gupta A, Todi S, et al. Guidelines for prevention of hospital-acquired infections. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2014; 18(3): 149–163. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Alp E, Damani N. Healthcare-associated infections in Intensive Care Units: epidemiology and infection control in low-to-middle income countries. The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries. 2015;9(10):1040-1045. doi:10.3855/jidc.6832
  35. Ciccolini M, Donker T, Grundmann H, Bonten MJM, Woolhouse MEJ. Efficient surveillance for healthcare-associated infections spreading between hospitals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2014;111(6):2271-2276. doi:10.1073/pnas.1308062111
  36. Sydnor ERM, Perl TM. Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control in Acute-Care Settings. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 2011;24(1):141-173. doi:10.1128/cmr.00027-10
  37. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. An agency of the European Union. Antimicrobial resistance and healthcare-associated infections programme. [Online]. Available from: https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/about-uswho-we-aredisease-programmes/antimicrobial-resistance-and-healthcare-associated-infections. Accessed February12, 2019.
  38. Revelas A. Healthcare - associated infections: A public health problem. Nigerian Medical Journal. 2012;53(2):59. doi:10.4103/0300-1652.103543
  39. Kanerva M, Ollgren J, Hakanen AJ, Lyytikäinen O. Estimating the burden of healthcare-associated infections caused by selected multidrug-resistant bacteria Finland, 2010. Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control. 2012;1(1):33. doi:10.1186/2047-2994-1-33
  40. National Treatment Guidelines for Antimicrobial Use in Infectious Diseases. Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India; 2016.
Support