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Research and Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology Original Research

Exploring the Bioactive Potential of Himalayan Lichens: Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Profiling of Xanthoparmelia tinctina and Pyxine subcinerea Extracts

  1. Priyansh Srivastava Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida
  2. Indira P. Sarethy Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida

Abstract

The symbiotic association that develops between cyanobacteria, algae, and fungi results in the composite organism known as lichens, which has traits similar to those of plants but differs in its separate parent organisms. Lichens can have a variety of morphological characteristics, including foliose structures that resemble flat leaves, crustose structures that resemble flake crystals, fruticose branches that have short, leafless branches, and leprose-powder-like appearances. Due to their therapeutic potential, lichens have long been used in traditional medicine. They are commonly utilized in traditional medicine as an external disinfectant as well as an antihemorrhagic agent in dressing wounds. After careful phytochemical screening, the extracts revealed a complex mixture of several bioactive substances, including cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, steroids, and saponins. The present investigation explores the potential antioxidant and antibacterial properties of ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts obtained from two different species of Himalayan lichen, Xanthoparmelia tinctina, and Pyxine subcinerea. The evaluation of antioxidant capacity, carried out using the ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and (DPPH) 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assays, demonstrated significant antioxidant capabilities by scavenging free radicals. Moreover, ethyl acetate extracts have shown strong inhibitory effects against a variety of harmful bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas fluorescens, according to antimicrobial testing. These thorough results validate the dormant potential of lichen extracts as sources of bioactive substances possessing antibacterial and antioxidant properties. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential benefits of lichen species that are native to the Himalayas for improving human health and well-being, in addition to highlighting their extraordinary biological capabilities.

Keywords

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