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Journal of Polymer & Composites Original Research

Recent Advancements in Nanobiocomposite-Based Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration

  1. C. Hazarathaiah Yadav Department of Chemistry, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala R&D Institute of science &Technology, Avadi, Chennai
  2. Lavanya D Department of Chemistry, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala R&D Institute of science &Technology, Avadi, Chennai
  3. A. Mohamed Sikkander Department of Chemistry, GKM College of Engineering and Technology, Chennai
  4. M. Mohamed Ismail Department of Chemistry, Kanda swami Kandar's College (Affiliated to Periyar University, Salem), P. Velur, Namakkal Dt

Abstract

Haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, remodeling, and other highly coordinated cellular and molecular activities are all part of the complex biological processes of wound healing and tissue regeneration. Following an injury, these stages cooperate to restore tissue integrity and function. However, this normal process is disturbed in many clinical circumstances, especially chronic wounds such diabetic ulcers, burns, and pressure sores. Prolonged inflammation, chronic microbial infection, diminished angiogenesis, and impaired extracellular matrix production are common characteristics of these wounds, which can cause delayed or incomplete healing and place a heavy strain on healthcare systems across the globe. Nanobiocomposites have become a very promising material for improved wound care applications in recent years.

Natural or artificial polymers are combined with nanoscale elements including nanoparticles, nanofibers, and nanotubes to create these hybrid systems. Multifunctional materials with increased qualities, such as potent antibacterial activity, enhanced biocompatibility, regulated medication release, and higher mechanical strength, are the outcome of this integration. Crucially, nanobiocomposites have the ability to precisely resemble the extracellular matrix's structure and function, which encourages cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation all of which are critical for successful tissue regeneration. Innovative platforms like electro spun nanofibers, hydrogels filled with nanoparticles, bioactive scaffolds, and stimuli-responsive smart materials have been the focus of recent developments in this area.

Through the acceleration of angiogenesis, modulation of inflammatory responses, stimulation of collagen synthesis, and prevention of infections, these systems greatly improve wound healing. Therapeutic efficacy has also been enhanced by the addition of bioactive substances, such as growth factors, exosomes generated from stem cells, and chemicals derived from plants. Clinical translation is nevertheless hampered by issues such possible toxicity, large-scale production, regulatory limitations, and long-term safety concerns, despite these positive advancements.

Keywords

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