STM Journals Peer-reviewed research from Consortium e-Learning Network

Journal of Polymer & Composites Review Article

A Review on Strengthening of RC Beam with GFRP Composite in Shear

  1. Pratik Ramchandra Ingle 1Raisoni Centre for Research and Innovation, G H Raisoni University, Pune
  2. Ajay G. Dahake G H Raisoni Centre for Research and Innovation, G H Raisoni University, Pune

Abstract

Glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites have emerged as an effective and lightweight technique for enhancing the shear performance of reinforced concrete (RC) beams, particularly in strengthening and rehabilitation applications. This review examines the influence of GFRP configuration on the shear behaviour, strength, cracking response, deformation, and failure mechanisms of strengthened RC beams. The discussion covers side-bonded, vertical and inclined GFRP strips, U-shaped wrapping, and complete wrapping configurations, with emphasis on fibre orientation, number of layers, bonded length, anchorage, and interaction with existing steel stirrups. The review highlights that the effectiveness of GFRP strengthening is governed not only by the nominal tensile capacity of the composite but also by its ability to intersect diagonal cracks and transfer tensile stresses effectively through the concrete–adhesive–GFRP interface. Improved anchorage and wrapping configurations can reduce premature debonding and enhance the mobilization of GFRP capacity. However, increasing the quantity of GFRP does not necessarily produce proportional increases in shear strength when interface failure or concrete cover separation governs the response. The review also emphasizes the importance of evaluating diagonal cracking load, ultimate capacity, load-deflection behaviour, crack width, stiffness, failure mode, GFRP strain, and energy absorption. Overall, appropriate GFRP configuration should be selected considering structural efficiency, constructability, durability, accessibility, reliability, and the existing beam characteristics.

Keywords

References (111)

  1. Abbass A, Abid S, Özakça M. Experimental Investigation on the Effect of Steel Fibers on the Flexural Behavior and Ductility of High-Strength Concrete Hollow Beams. Adv Civ Eng. 2019 Jan 15;2019:1–13. doi:10.1155/2019/8390345
  2. Abdelkarim OI, Ahmed EA, Mohamed HM, Benmokrane B. Flexural strength and serviceability evaluation of concrete beams reinforced with deformed GFRP bars. Eng Struct. 2019;186:282–96.
  3. Bui LVH, Stitmannaithum B, Ueda T. Ductility of concrete beams reinforced with both fiber-reinforced polymer and steel tension bars. J Adv Concr Technol. 2018;16(11):531–48.
  4. Dancygier AN, Berkover E. Cracking localization and reduced ductility in fiber-reinforced concrete beams with low reinforcement ratios. Eng Struct. 2016;111:411–24.
  5. El Zareef MA, El Madawy ME. Effect of glass-fiber rods on the ductile behaviour of reinforced concrete beams. Alex Eng J. 2018;57(4):4071–9.
  6. Fantilli AP, Chiaia B, Gorino A. Fiber volume fraction and ductility index of concrete beams. Cem Concr Compos. 2016;65:139–49.
  7. Ismail MK, Hassan AAA. Ductility and Cracking Behavior of Reinforced Self-Consolidating Rubberized Concrete Beams. J Mater Civ Eng. 2017 Jan;29(1):04016174. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001699
  8. Jeon JS, Lowes LN, DesRoches R, Brilakis I. Fragility curves for non-ductile reinforced concrete frames that exhibit different component response mechanisms. Eng Struct. 2015;85:127–43.
  9. Li Z, Zhu H, Zhen X, Wen C, Chen G. Effects of steel fiber on the flexural behavior and ductility of concrete beams reinforced with BFRP rebars under repeated loading. Compos Struct. 2021;270:114072.
  10. Marder KJ, Motter CJ, Elwood KJ, Clifton GC. Effects of variation in loading protocol on the strength and deformation capacity of ductile reinforced concrete beams. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn. 2018 Sep;47(11):2195–213. doi:10.1002/eqe.3064
  11. Mousa MI. Flexural behaviour and ductility of high strength concrete (HSC) beams with tension lap splice. Alex Eng J. 2015;54(3):551–63.
  12. Orouji M, Zahrai SM, Najaf E. Effect of glass powder & polypropylene fibers on compressive and flexural strengths, toughness and ductility of concrete: an environmental approach. In: Structures [Internet]. Elsevier; 2021 [cited 2024 Jul 27]. p. 4616–28. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352012421006640
  13. Pang L, Qu W, Zhu P, Xu J. Design Propositions for Hybrid FRP-Steel Reinforced Concrete Beams. J Compos Constr. 2016 Aug;20(4):04015086. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000654
  14. Qin F, Zhang Z, Yin Z, Di J, Xu L, Xu X. Use of high strength, high ductility engineered cementitious composites (ECC) to enhance the flexural performance of reinforced concrete beams. J Build Eng. 2020;32:101746.
  15. Rao TM, Srikar N, Reddy GS, Praveen B. Ductility of Reinforced Concrete Beams. CVR J Sci Technol. 2015;9:7–12.
  16. Salazar B, Aghdasi P, Williams ID, Ostertag CP, Taylor HK. Polymer lattice-reinforcement for enhancing ductility of concrete. Mater Des. 2020;196:109184.
  17. Teixeira MM, Bernardo LFA. Ductility of RC beams under torsion. Eng Struct. 2018;168:759–69.
  18. Yang IH, Park J, Bui TQ, Kim KC, Joh C, Lee H. An experimental study on the ductility and flexural toughness of ultrahigh-performance concrete beams subjected to bending. Materials. 2020;13(10):2225.
  19. Ye J, Yu J, Cui C, Wang Y. Flexural size effect of ultra-high ductile concrete under different damage and ductility levels. Cem Concr Compos. 2021;115:103852.
  20. Curbach M, Hegger J, Bielak J, Schmidt C, Bosbach S, Scheerer S, et al. New perspectives on carbon reinforced concrete structures—Why new composites need new design strategies. Civ Eng Des. 2024 Jan;5(5–6):67–94. doi:10.1002/cend.202200008
  21. Ebadi-Jamkhaneh M, Kontoni DPN, Homaioon Ebrahimi A. Assessment of Different Methods for Enhancing Progressive Collapse Resistance of Irregular Reinforced Concrete Buildings Using Pushdown Analysis. Arab J Sci Eng. 2024 Oct;49(10):13861–83. doi:10.1007/s13369-024-08847-4
  22. Abedi M, Hassanshahi O, Barros JA, Correia AG, Fangueiro R. Three-dimensional braided composites as innovative smart structural reinforcements. Compos Struct. 2022;297:115912.
  23. Akbulut ZF, Tawfik TA, Smarzewski P, Guler S. Advancing hybrid fiber-reinforced concrete: performance, crack resistance mechanism, and future innovations. Buildings. 2025;15(8):1247.
  24. Akzharkyn I, Yelemessov K, Baskanbayeva D, Martyushev NV, Skeeba VY, Konyukhov VY, et al. Strengthening polymer concrete with carbon and basalt fibres. Appl Sci. 2024;14(17):7567.
  25. Al-Zu’bi M, Fan M, Anguilano L. Advances in bonding agents for retrofitting concrete structures with fibre reinforced polymer materials: A review. Constr Build Mater. 2022;330:127115.
  26. Alasmari HA, Sharaky IA, Elamary AS, El-Zohairy A. Rehabilitation and strengthening of damaged reinforced concrete beams using carbon fiber-reinforced polymer laminates and high-strength concrete integrating recycled tire steel fiber. Fibers. 2025;13(1):10.
  27. Altunişik AC, Akbulut YE, Adanur S, Kaya A, Günaydin M, Mostofi S, et al. Evaluating the high-temperature endurance of FRP-strengthened concrete using an innovative insulation system: Experimental investigation. J Build Eng. 2023;73:106444.
  28. Amran M. Innovative technology for converting automobile tire waste bead wires into recycled steel fibers for sustainable concrete composites: insights for the Al-Kharj Governorate construction industry. Int J Build Pathol Adapt. 2025;43(4):665–92.
  29. Anas M, Khan M, Bilal H, Jadoon S, Khan MN. Fiber reinforced concrete: a review. Eng Proc. 2022;22(1):3.
  30. André A, Juntikka M, Mattsson C, Hammar T, Haghani R. Sustainable repurpose of end-of-life fiber reinforced polymer composites: A new circular pedestrian bridge concept. J Environ Manage. 2024;367:122015.
  31. Anurangi J, Herath M, Galhena DTL, Epaarachchi J. The use of fibre reinforced polymer composites for construction of structural supercapacitors: a review. Adv Compos Mater. 2023 Nov 2;32(6):942–86. doi:10.1080/09243046.2023.2180792
  32. Azanaw GM. Blending data-driven surrogates with physics-based topology optimization: A critical review of machine learning-accelerated design in fibre-reinforced polymer and concrete structures. Am J Sci Eng Technol. 2025;10:80–93.
  33. Diniță A, Ripeanu RG, Ilincă CN, Cursaru D, Matei D, Naim RI, et al. Advancements in fiber-reinforced polymer composites: a comprehensive analysis. Polymers. 2023;16(1):2.
  34. Duan SJ, Feng RM, Yuan XY, Song LT, Tong GS, Tong JZ. A review on research advances and applications of basalt fiber-reinforced polymer in the construction industry. Buildings. 2025;15(2):181.
  35. Effiong JU, Ede AN. Experimental investigation on the strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using externally bonded and near-surface mounted natural fibre reinforced polymer composites—a review. Materials. 2022;15(17):5848.
  36. Esmaeili J, Khoshkanabi SP, Andalibi K, Kasaei J. An innovative method for improving the cyclic performance of concrete beams retrofitted with prefabricated basalt-textile-reinforced ultra-high performance concrete. In: Structures [Internet]. Elsevier; 2023 [cited 2026 Jul 17]. p. 813–23. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352012423004769?casa_token=kxWel47vn9IAAAAA:1MEPXL9QiewG43X2PfYgv2ccmpdCQlgSWBqVXDwwSIj-_UvmfgL_n3rrhjTv4NJDLmdibCQ2NO8
  37. Grzesiak S, Pahn M, Klingler A, Akpan EI, Schultz-Cornelius M, Wetzel B. Mechanical and thermal properties of basalt fibre reinforced polymer lamellas for renovation of concrete structures. Polymers. 2022;14(4):790.
  38. Harle SM. Durability and long-term performance of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites: A review. In: Structures [Internet]. Elsevier; 2024 [cited 2026 Jul 17]. p. 105881. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235201242400033X?casa_token=sAgVJKQRWScAAAAA:XFGizav8FAmssP8IJR7IzykBljUdhDWnGJc7U-uYg7eIcreYbXQCmxCR79Z4Ur2_A9vauzsEJVo
  39. Hassan HZ, Saeed NM. Fiber reinforced concrete: a state of the art. Discov Mater. 2024 Dec 23;4(1):101. doi:10.1007/s43939-024-00171-w
  40. Hussein NAHK, Khalaf S, Shah KD. Advanced composite materials for sustainable construction: innovations in civil engineering applications. Khwarizmia. 2024;2024:8–16.
  41. Kabashi N, Muhaxheri M, Krasniqi E, Murati Y, Latifi F. Advancements in fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) retrofitting techniques for seismic resilience of reinforced concrete structures. Buildings. 2025;15(4):587.
  42. Kałuża M. Experimental analysis of surface application of fiber-reinforced polymer composite on shear behavior of masonry walls made of autoclaved concrete blocks. Buildings. 2022;12(12):2208.
  43. Khan A, Sapuan SM, Zainudin ES, Zuhri MYM. Hybridization and its transformative role in bamboo fiber reinforced polymer composites: a review. Adv Compos Hybrid Mater. 2024 Oct;7(5):164. doi:10.1007/s42114-024-00974-8
  44. Kossakowski PG, Wciślik W. Fiber-reinforced polymer composites in the construction of bridges: Opportunities, problems and challenges. Fibers. 2022;10(4):37.
  45. Kumar A, Dixit S, Singh S, Sreenivasa S, Bains PS, Sharma R. Recent developments in the mechanical properties and recycling of fiber‐reinforced polymer composites. Polym Compos. 2025 Apr 10;46(5):3883–908. doi:10.1002/pc.29261
  46. Li Y, Chen J, Shi S, Hu L, Xu X. Study of the design and flexural performance of an innovative Fiber Reinforced Polymer/steel-concrete composite beam. Adv Struct Eng. 2023 Jan;26(1):121–36. doi:10.1177/13694332221119880
  47. Mahboubizadeh S, Sadeq A, Arzaqi Z, Ashkani O, Samadoghli M. Advancements in fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites: an extensive review. Discov Mater. 2024 Jun 27;4(1):22. doi:10.1007/s43939-024-00091-9
  48. Mengesha Azanaw G. Fiber-Reinforced Polymers in Structural Design: A Comprehensive Insight of Innovations, Performance, and Future Prospects. Int J Inven Eng Sci IJIES [Internet]. 2025 [cited 2026 Jul 17]. Available from: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5201923
  49. Murcia DH, Çomak B, Soliman E, Reda Taha MM. Flexural behavior of a novel textile-reinforced polymer concrete. Polymers. 2022;14(1):176.
  50. Nan B, Qiao Y, Leng J, Bai Y. Advancing structural reinforcement in 3D-printed concrete: Current methods, challenges, and innovations. Materials. 2025;18(2):252.
  51. Ortiz JD, Dolati SSK, Malla P, Mehrabi A, Nanni A. Nondestructive testing (NDT) for damage detection in concrete elements with externally bonded fiber-reinforced polymer. Buildings. 2024;14(1):246.
  52. Papadopoulos NA, Naoum MC, Sapidis GM, Chalioris CE. Resilient and sustainable structures through EMI-based SHM evaluation of an innovative C-FRP rope strengthening technique. Appl Mech. 2024;5(3):405–19.
  53. Puttegowda M. Eco-friendly composites: exploring the potential of natural fiber reinforcement. Discov Appl Sci. 2025 Apr 25;7(5):401. doi:10.1007/s42452-025-06981-8
  54. Qureshi J. A review of fibre reinforced polymer structures. Fibers. 2022;10(3):27.
  55. Rusnak CR. Sustainable strategies for concrete infrastructure preservation: A comprehensive review and perspective. Infrastructures. 2025;10(4):99.
  56. Sabet M. Advanced developments in carbon nanotube polymer composites for structural applications. Iran Polym J. 2025;34(6):917–46.
  57. Sabzi J, Esfahani MR, Ozbakkaloglu T, Gholampour A, Masoodi AR. Rehabilitation of reinforced concrete beam: Sustainable restoration mortar with waste materials. Case Stud Constr Mater. 2024;20:e02827.
  58. Sbahieh S, Mckay G, Al-Ghamdi SG. A comparative life cycle assessment of fiber-reinforced polymers as a sustainable reinforcement option in concrete beams. Front Built Environ. 2023;9:1194121.
  59. Sbahieh S, Rabie M, Ebead U, Al-Ghamdi SG. The mechanical and environmental performance of fiber-reinforced polymers in concrete structures: Opportunities, challenges and future directions. Buildings. 2022;12(9):1417.
  60. Shahid AT, Silvestre JD, Hofmann M, Garrido M, Correia JR. Life cycle assessment of an innovative bio-based unsaturated polyester resin and its use in glass fibre reinforced bio-composites produced by vacuum infusion. J Clean Prod. 2024;441:140906.
  61. Shakiba M, Ahmadi H, Mortazavi SMR, Bazli M, Azimi Z. A case study on the feasibility of using static-cast fibre-reinforced concrete electric poles fully reinforced with glass fibre reinforced polymer bars and stirrups. Results Eng. 2023;17:100746.
  62. Shakiba M, Hosseini SM, Bazli M, Mortazavi SMR, Ghobeishavi MA. Enhancement of the bond behaviour between sand coated GFRP bar and normal concrete using innovative composite anchor heads. Mater Struct. 2022 Nov;55(9):236. doi:10.1617/s11527-022-02074-9
  63. Shakouri Mahmoudabadi N, Bahrami A, Saghir S, Ahmad A, Iqbal M, Elchalakani M, et al. Effects of eccentric loading on performance of concrete columns reinforced with glass fiber-reinforced polymer bars. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):1890.
  64. Singh A, Yadav BP. Sustainable innovations and future prospects in construction material: a review on natural fiber-reinforced cement composites. Environ Sci Pollut Res. 2024;31(54):62549–87.
  65. Syduzzaman Md, Hassan A, Anik HR, Tania IS, Ferdous T, Fahmi FF. Unveiling new frontiers: Bast fiber‐reinforced polymer composites and their mechanical properties. Polym Compos. 2023 Nov;44(11):7317–49. doi:10.1002/pc.27661
  66. Tao Y, Hadigheh SA, Wei Y. Recycling of glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite wastes in concrete: A critical review and cost benefit analysis. In: Structures [Internet]. Elsevier; 2023 [cited 2026 Jul 17]. p. 1540–56. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352012423006215
  67. Vijayan DS, Sivasuriyan A, Devarajan P, Stefańska A, Wodzyński Ł, Koda E. Carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites in civil engineering application—a comprehensive review. Buildings. 2023;13(6):1509.
  68. Voutetaki ME, Mpalaskas AC. Natural fiber-reinforced mycelium composite for innovative and sustainable construction materials. Fibers. 2024;12(7):57.
  69. Xia Z, Jiang T, Yu T. Innovating arch structures with fiber-reinforced polymer composites: A review. Adv Struct Eng. 2023 Oct;26(13):2341–58. doi:10.1177/13694332231180373
  70. Mistretta F, Puppio ML, Camata G, Nanni A. Analytical and experimental shear evaluation of GFRP-reinforced concrete beams. Mater Struct. 2023 Dec;56(10):173. doi:10.1617/s11527-023-02256-z
  71. Aksoylu C. Experimental analysis of shear deficient reinforced concrete beams strengthened by glass fiber strip composites and mechanical stitches. Steel Compos Struct. 2022;267–85.
  72. Banjara NK, Ramanjaneyulu K. Experimental and numerical investigations on the performance evaluation of shear deficient and GFRP strengthened reinforced concrete beams. Constr Build Mater. 2017;137:520–34.
  73. Barour S, Zergua A, Bouziadi F, Kaloop MR, El-Demerdash WE. Nonlinear Numerical and Analytical Assessment of the Shear Strength of RC and SFRC Beams Externally Strengthened with CFRP Sheets. Ferrotto MF, editor. Adv Civ Eng. 2022 Jan;2022(1):8741158. doi:10.1155/2022/8741158
  74. Bui LVH, Klippathum C, Prasertsri T, Jongvivatsakul P, Stitmannaithum B. Experimental and Analytical Study on Shear Performance of Embedded Through-Section GFRP-Strengthened RC Beams. J Compos Constr. 2022 Oct;26(5):04022046. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0001235
  75. Del Zoppo M, Di Ludovico M, Balsamo A, Prota A, Manfredi G. FRP for seismic strengthening of shear controlled RC columns: Experience from earthquakes and experimental analysis. Compos Part B Eng. 2017;129:47–57.
  76. Di J, Cao L, Han J. Experimental study on the shear behavior of GFRP–concrete composite beam connections. Materials. 2020;13(5):1067.
  77. Djeddi F, Ghernouti Y, Abdelaziz Y, Alex L. Strengthening in flexure–shear of RC beams with hybrid FRP systems: Experiments and numerical modeling. J Reinf Plast Compos. 2016 Nov;35(22):1642–60. doi:10.1177/0731684416662532
  78. Ferrier E, Michel L, Ngo MD. Experimental study on the shear behavior of RC beams reinforced by natural composite materials (flax fibers). In: Structures [Internet]. Elsevier; 2021 [cited 2026 Aug 14]. p. 637–54. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352012421002071?casa_token=7-7w7K3rUp4AAAAA:UK6HqJEa7jn5APSskuVl2m0-r_3qiYA0fsCYuICunFd_VBa6g8cbfojYcyWgipszaa6WgYQuAqo
  79. Guo R, Ren Y, Li M, Hu P, Du M, Zhang R. Experimental study on flexural shear strengthening effect on low-strength RC beams by using FRP grid and ECC. Eng Struct. 2021;227:111434.
  80. Junaid MT, Karzad AS, Elbana A, Altoubat S. Experimental study on shear response of GFRP reinforced concrete beams strengthened with externally bonded CFRP sheets. In: Structures [Internet]. Elsevier; 2022 [cited 2026 Aug 14]. p. 1295–307. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352012421010365?casa_token=nS3Cy0s2Ta8AAAAA:9Qke_nNk4wtlULFb3QFuM1xm8dKbaOf5q8V32ElQDv-eae0pgohizyXi-LQDcHy_MKA6ijojN3U
  81. Li W, Huang W, Fang Y, Zhang K, Liu Z, Kong Z. Experimental and theoretical analysis on shear behavior of RC beams reinforced with GFRP stirrups. In: Structures [Internet]. Elsevier; 2022 [cited 2026 Aug 14]. p. 1753–63. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352012422010359?casa_token=0OmBimVhLLEAAAAA:yqnUDjLt4O4sjpdyvT2ll0l1dfGqaQ-i_BNt5VoV9r5OylL96Ckbe48NkKyPYB2F1-Zx510Q9co
  82. Makhlouf MH, Abdel-kareem AH, Mohamed MT, El-Gamal A. Experimental and numerical study of shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using jute fiber reinforced polymers (JFRP). J Build Eng. 2024;86:108732.
  83. Ombres L, Verre S. Shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams with SRG (Steel Reinforced Grout) composites: Experimental investigation and modelling. J Build Eng. 2021;42:103047.
  84. Oukaili N, Allawi AA, Issa MA, Said AI, AlBayati A, Ibrahim TH, et al. On the effectiveness of shear reinforcement type in GFRP ‐reinforced concrete beams: Experimental study. Struct Concr. 2025 Oct;26(5):6547–75. doi:10.1002/suco.70114
  85. Ramezanpour M, Morshed R, Eslami A. Experimental investigation on optimal shear strengthening of RC beams using NSM GFRP bars. Struct Eng Mech. 2018;67(1):45–52.
  86. Said M, Adam MA, Mahmoud AA, Shanour AS. Experimental and analytical shear evaluation of concrete beams reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymers bars. Constr Build Mater. 2016;102:574–91.
  87. Shomali A, Mostofinejad D, Esfahani MR. Experimental and numerical investigation of shear performance of RC beams strengthened with FRP using grooving method. J Build Eng. 2020;31:101409.
  88. Xu W, Wu J, Ali YMS. Experimental and numerical study on the shear behavior of hybrid BFRP/steel RC beams without shear reinforcement. J Reinf Plast Compos. 2026 Jul;45(13–14):2947–63. doi:10.1177/07316844241263895
  89. Xue YJ, Wang WW, Tian J, Wu ZH. Experimental study and analysis of RC beams shear strengthened with FRP/SMA composites. In: Structures [Internet]. Elsevier; 2023 [cited 2026 Aug 14]. p. 1936–48. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352012423008986?casa_token=kDVG-ixLjoEAAAAA:RQihQ1cUTnsZso-x2egyXOBapvKlcWGdxd4wVVd7ku-G8gw7blWAso_CWoe2VUof9cTLlKok6R8
  90. Zheng YZ, Wang WW, Mosalam KM, Fang Q, Chen L, Zhu ZF. Experimental investigation and numerical analysis of RC beams shear strengthened with FRP/ECC composite layer. Compos Struct. 2020;246:112436.
  91. Hassan BR, Manguri A, Hussein AB, Abdulrahman PH, Mohammed LM, Hatim LA, et al. Behavior and shear strength of FRC beams with FRP bars: state-of-the-art review, comparative analysis, experimental and numerical validations. Innov Infrastruct Solut. 2026 Sep;11(9):477. doi:10.1007/s41062-026-02851-3
  92. Patel PV, Jariwala VH, Purohit SP. Torsional strengthening of RC beams using GFRP composites. J Inst Eng India Ser A. 2016;97(3):313–22.
  93. Ababneh AN, Al-Rousan RZ, Ghaith IM. Experimental study on anchoring of FRP-strengthened concrete beams. In: Structures [Internet]. Elsevier; 2020 [cited 2026 Aug 14]. p. 26–33. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352012419301699?casa_token=egFCDGLN5HMAAAAA:ExXzU1TIK1eE-AjU2wly8Iuv_j5Izan2pYjiVQwZYgOL8XVCTN918yWdb_LB4LL-LY1vTizzzSY
  94. Akkaya HC, Aydemir C, Arslan G. Investigation on shear behavior of reinforced concrete deep beams without shear reinforcement strengthened with fiber reinforced polymers. Case Stud Constr Mater. 2022;17:e01392.
  95. Akroush N, Almahallawi T, Seif M, Sayed-Ahmed EY. CFRP shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams in zones of combined shear and normal stresses. Compos Struct. 2017;162:47–53.
  96. Al-Allaf MH, Weekes L, Augusthus-Nelson L. Shear behaviour of lightweight concrete beams strengthened with CFRP composite. Mag Concr Res. 2019;71(18):949–64.
  97. Alam MA, Al Riyami K, Bakkar S. Optimization of kenaf fibre reinforced polymer laminate for shear strengthening of RC beams using embedded connector. Eng Struct. 2021;232:111790.
  98. Ali MI, Allawi AA, El-Zohairy A. Flexural behavior of pultruded GFRP–concrete composite beams strengthened with GFRP stiffeners. Fibers. 2024;12(1):7.
  99. Aravind N, Samanta AK, Thanikal JV, Roy DKS. An experimental study on the effectiveness of externally bonded corrugated GFRP laminates for flexural cracks of RC beams. Constr Build Mater. 2017;136:348–60.
  100. Attia MM, El-Latief AA, Eita MA. Performance of RC beams with novelty GFRP under the bending load: An experimental and FE study. Case Stud Constr Mater. 2023;18:e02000.
  101. Baghi H, Barros JA, Rezazadeh M. Shear strengthening of damaged reinforced concrete beams with Hybrid Composite Plates. Compos Struct. 2017;178:353–71.
  102. Cai L, Liu Q, Guo R. Study on the shear behavior of RC beams strengthened by CFRP grid with epoxy mortar. Compos Struct. 2021;275:114419.
  103. Cakir F, Aydin MR, Acar V, Aksar B, Akkaya HC. An experimental study on RC beams shear-strengthened with intraply hybrid U-jackets composites monitored by digital image correlation (DIC). Compos Struct. 2023;323:117503.
  104. Capozucca R. Vibration analysis of damaged RC beams strengthened with GFRP. Compos Struct. 2018;200:624–34.
  105. Ganganagoudar A, Mondal TG, Prakash SS. Analytical and finite element studies on behavior of FRP strengthened RC beams under torsion. Compos Struct. 2016;153:876–85.
  106. Gu D, Pan J, Luković M, He J. Experimental and analytical study on shear behavior of strain‐hardening cementitious composite beams reinforced with fiber‐reinforced polymer bars. Struct Concr. 2022 Apr;23(2):1080–99. doi:10.1002/suco.202100544
  107. Guo S, He H, Liu C, Cheng S, Liu H. Theoretical and experimental study on shearing capacity of concrete beams reinforced with carbon fiber truss. Compos Struct. 2021;258:113382.
  108. Hamoda A, Ghalla M, Yehia SA, Ahmed M, Abadel AA, Baktheer A, et al. Experimental and numerical investigations of the shear performance of reinforced concrete deep beams strengthened with hybrid SHCC-mesh. Case Stud Constr Mater. 2024;21:e03495.
  109. Ibrahim TH, Allawi AA, El-Zohairy A. Experimental and FE analysis of composite RC beams with encased pultruded GFRP I-beam under static loads. Adv Struct Eng. 2023 Feb;26(3):516–32. doi:10.1177/13694332221130795
  110. Kim H, Kim MS, Ko MJ, Lee YH. Shear Behavior of Concrete Beams Reinforced with GFRP Shear Reinforcement. Int J Polym Sci. 2015;2015:1–8. doi:10.1155/2015/213583
  111. Kar S, Biswal KC. Shear strengthening of reinforced concrete T-beams by using fiber-reinforced polymer composites: a data analysis. Arab J Sci Eng. 2020;45(5):4203–34.

Other papers on this site that share keywords with this one, closest match first.

  1. Journal of Polymer & Composites

    Flexural Performance of GFRP-Reinforced Concrete Beams with Shear Connectors and Web Stiffeners: Experimental and Numerical Assessment

    2026

  2. Journal of Polymer & Composites

    Neural Network Surrogate Model for Fast Prediction of Sheet Resistance and Transmittance in Polymer-Coated Silver Nanowire Electrodes

    2026

  3. Journal of Polymer & Composites

    Development and Characterization of Self-Healing Polyurethane Nanocomposite Coatings Incorporating Microencapsulated Corrosion Inhibitors for Marine Environments

    2026

  4. Journal of Polymer & Composites

    Hybrid Nanoclay–Polymer Coatings with Embedded Corrosion-Sensing Microchips for Predictive Maintenance Systems

    2026

  5. Journal of Polymer & Composites

    Dual Dynamic Covalent Microcapsule Shells for Autonomous and Triggered Self-Healing in Polymer Matrix Composites

    2026

  6. Journal of Polymer & Composites

    BioPolymer Chemistry in Biomedicine: Structure–Property Relationships, Advanced Materials, Clinical Applications, and Future Perspectives

    2026

Read more of it

Subscribe to one journal or build your own list of several. One invoice, one payment, access for a full year.

Subscribe to journals →

Publish your article

Peer-reviewed journals across every subject, with open access options. Send your manuscript to the right editor today.

Publish with us → Calculate your APC
Support