STM Journals Peer-reviewed research from Consortium e-Learning Network

Journal of Polymer & Composites Original Research Special issue Open Access

Stabilization of Heavy Metal Sludge to Pass the TCLP Test Using Cement with a Sinter as a Additive

  1. Pushpa Lumina Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology
  2. Megha Kulkarni Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology
  3. Pallavi G A Sapthagiri College of Engineering
  4. Akshay J Sapthagiri College of Engineering

Abstract

According to the U.S. Stabilisation is the best-proven technology now in use, according to the Environmental Protection Agency's definition in Title 40, Part 268 of the Code of Federal Regulations (40 CFR 268).This method prevents harmful contaminants from leaking into the environment by physically and chemically trapping them all in a matrix. The investigations used 15 different water-mixed combinations of cement, fly ash, sinter, and lime. The study also examined the best solidification/stabilization method for encasing heavy metals, an inorganic hazardous waste, in cement to produce a non-hazardous end product. Compressive strength and metal concentration in the leachate of the stabilized/solidified product were analysed. The solidification procedure can produce sludge with a compressive strength of 68 kg/cm2 when the additives are added and the mixture is cured at 23°C for 28 days. The best mixes (in terms of UCS) contained the highest compressive strengths, which are almost 18 times the minimal criteria value, proving the significant success of using sinter for solidification. The optimum mixtures have a sludge:additive ratio of 60:30 and additives with a cement content of 15%.

Keywords

References (16)

  1. Ramakrishnaiah C, Duvvuri S. Stabilization of Metal- Laden Soils Using Different Additives – A Review of Technologies. International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2015;7(3):122-131. doi:10.9734/irjpac/2015/16290
  2. Odom F, Gikunoo E, Arthur EK, Agyemang FO, Mensah-Darkwa K. Stabilization of heavy metals in soil and leachate at Dompoase landfill site in Ghana. Environmental Challenges. 2021;5:100308. doi:10.1016/j.envc.2021.100308
  3. Malviya R, Chaudhary R. Factors affecting hazardous waste solidification/stabilization: A review. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2006;137(1):267-276. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.01.065
  4. Du, Y.-J., Liu, S.-Y., Liu, Z.-B., Chen, L., Zhang, F., & Jin, F. (n.d.). AN OVERVIEW OF STABILIZATION/SOLIDIFICATION TECHNIQUE FOR HEAVY METALS CONTAMINATED SOILS.
  5. Sun Y, Zhang D, Li F, Tao H, Li M, Mao L, et al. The rainfall effect onto solidification and stabilization of heavy metal-polluted sediments. Royal Society Open Science. 2020;7(7):192234. doi:10.1098/rsos.192234
  6. Zheng C, Xiong K, Yang K, Feng D. Experimental study on solidification/stabilization of heavy metal lead and chromium sludge solidified by cement-based materials. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2023;382:01008. doi:10.1051/matecconf/202338201008
  7. Conner, J., & Dickson, C. (n.d.). Solidification/Stabilization Remediation Technology Solidification/Stabilization Remediation Technology Presentation to CEAA Joint Review Panel for the Sydney Tar Ponds and Coke Ovens Sites Remediation Project.
  8. Teggihalli, T. M. (2017). “SOLIDIFICATION/STABILIZATION OF ZINC PHOSPHATING AND AETP SLUDGE USING A NOVEL COMBINATION OF CEMENT WITH A SINTERED WASTE ADDITIVE.” International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology. www.irjet.net
  9. Petzow, G., Kaysser, W. A., & Petzow, G. (1987). Sintering with Additives. In Journal of the Japanese Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy (Vol. 34, Issue 5).
  10. Ouhadi, V., & Amiri, M. (2020). Amirkabir Journal of Civil Engineering Microstructural Evaluation of Stabilization and Solidification of Heavy Metals by Cement at the Presence of Nano Montmorillonite. Civil Eng, 52(1), 27–30. https://doi.org/10.22060/ceej.2018.14654.5707
  11. Boura, P., Katsioti, M., & Katsiri<1, A. (n.d.). Stabilization/solidification of sewage sludge.
  12. Masrulita M, Burhan P, Trihadiningrum Y. Stabilization / Solidification of Waste Containing Heavy Metals and Hydrocarbons Using OPC and Land Tras Cement. Journal of Ecological Engineering. 2018;19(6):88-96. doi:10.12911/22998993/92926
  13. Paul SR, Ramakrishnaiah CR. Solidification and stabilization of expired chemicals. International Journal of Advanced Technology and Engineering Exploration. 2018;5(44):201-207. doi:10.19101/ijatee.2018.543017
  14. Correia AAS, Matos MPSR, Gomes AR, Rasteiro MG. Immobilization of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Soils—Performance Assessment in Conditions Similar to a Real Scenario. Applied Sciences. 2020;10(22):7950. doi:10.3390/app10227950
  15. Al-Kindi G. Evaluation the Solidification/Stabilization of Heavy Metals by Portland Cement. Journal of Ecological Engineering. 2019;20(3):91-100. doi:10.12911/22998993/99739
  16. Lumina, P., & Ramakrishnaiah, C. R. (2020). Stabilization/Solidification of Metal Laden Sludge with the Novel Combination of Cement and Other Additive. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(4), 8964–8970.
Support