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17 articles for “optical switches”
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Photochemical Materials for Light-responsive Optical Switching: AI-optimized Design of Dynamic Visual Effects
Abstract: This paper presents an in-depth investigation into the design and behavior of photochemical materials that generate optical illusions and dynamic visual effects through light-induced molecular transformations. The study focuses on advanced photoresponsive compounds such as azobenzene and spiropyran derivatives, emphasizing their reversible optical transitions governed by photoisomerization, phase transitions, and photochromism in solid-state and polymeric matrices. Spectroscopic and kinetic analyses are employed to evaluate the influence of light wavelength, material …
Published in International Journal of Photochemistry and Photochemical Research · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 13–27 Read article
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Tunable optomechanical induced transparency and Fano-resonance in double cavity Optomechanical system with nonreciprocal coupling
Abstract: We explore theoretically optomechanical induced transparency and asymmetric Fano-Line shape profile of a double cavity optomechanical system with nonreciprocal coupling at weak and strong coupling regime. The model system consists of one mechanical mode and two optical modes. The optical mode is coupled via nonreciprocal transition. The mechanical model is coupled to the optical model via optomechanical interaction. We have analyzed induced transparency and Fano-Line shape profile and present a …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Physics · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 5–15 Read article
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An Offline Space Division Multiplexing Based Elastic Optical Network Model with Switching and Modulation Format Adaptation for Flexible Spectrum and Spatial Assignment
Abstract: Abstract: The Space Division Multiplexing (SDM) based Elastic Optical Networks (EONs) (SDM-bEONs) is the proposed solution to both, the required upgradation of the network’s capacity constrained by the non-linear Shannon’s limit and the provisioning needed for the future diverse Internet traffic’s required capacity. With SDM providing ‘space’ as an additional freedom degree, the assignment of resource (i.e., spectrum and space) in the SDM-b-EONs translates into the Routing, Modulation Format, Space, …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 1–23 Read article
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Effect of Crosstalk of a Proposed Optical Cross-Connect Topology in OXC Switched WDM Networks
Abstract: ABSTRACTThis paper presents an optical wavelength division multiplexed cross-connect topology, which is modified form of the existing optical cross-connect (OXC) topologies. An analytical approach is developed for the proposed topology to explore the effect of crosstalk induced in multichannel WDM networks due to OXC. Factors that affect the magnitude of crosstalk in the OXC are investigated and different parameters are optimized to reduce the total OXC-induced crosstalk. The crosstalk performance …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 1, Issue 1-3, 2011 · pp. 8–15 Read article
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Analysis of Saturation Power based on Device Structural Parameters of a 1550 nm Symmetrical MQW Semiconductor Optical Amplifier
Abstract: AbstractThis paper presents the effect of device structure parameters on the saturation power of a 1550 nm symmetrical Multi Quantum Well (MQW) Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) for a small signal amplifier gain of 30 dB. Expressions are given to assess this dependency and the results indicate that saturation power decreases with the increase of the number of wells, well thickness and length but increases with the increase of barrier thickness. …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 13–18 Read article
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Synchronous Networking SONET and SDH
Abstract: AbstractIncreasing demand for communications capacity has led to the introduction various data transmission techniques in terms of packet transfer of large capacity. This document is an outline of what SONET is and how it operates. Again it describes also the difference between SONET and SDH technique. Both the techniques are based on synchronous data transferring. Information is sent through an optical fiber by switching light off and on in the …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 33–38 Read article
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A Survey on Challenges of Optical Fiber
Abstract: AbstractThis study affords an overview of destiny research activities within the field of optical telecommunications. The year 2020 is considered a milestone, when the potential of optical communication links via a single optical fiber will attain the bodily hindrance referred to as the “fiber wall”. It is anticipated that advances in structures with a fashionable, single-mode, optical fiber, which permits increasingly better transmission capacities because of elevated scientific studies, will …
Published in Journal of Web Engineering & Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Photonic-Assisted Spintronic Solid-State Switching Model for High-Speed Memory Devices
Abstract: The rapid advancement of high-speed computing and data-centric applications has intensified the demand for energy-efficient and ultra-fast memory technologies. This paper proposes a Photonic-Assisted Spintronic Solid-State Switching Model for next-generation high-speed memory devices. The proposed framework integrates photonic excitation mechanisms with spintronic switching dynamics to enhance data transfer speed, minimize switching delay, and reduce power dissipation in solid-state memory architectures. By combining optical pulse-assisted spin polarization with magnetic tunnel junction-based …
Published in International Journal of Solid State Innovations & Research · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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Analysis of LC Oscillation Presence and Its Impacts in 765 kv Line Connected With Non-Switchable Shunt Reactor
Abstract: AbstractThe transmission lines are one of the most important parts of the power system. The number of line faults in transmission line is more compared with the total number of faults in the whole power system. Distance protection is commonly used in long transmission lines. It works on the basis of increase or decreases in predetermined value of circuit admittance, impedance, or reactance. Shunt reactors are connected in high voltage …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 20–24 Read article
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Number of Laser Pulses Influence on Optical Properties of Pulse Laser Deposited ZnS Thin Films
Abstract: In present work four samples of ZnS thin films deposited on glass substrate using pulse laser deposition method with different number of laser pulses, the effect of the number of laser pulses on the optical properties of ZnS thin films was studied. Q-Switched Nd: YAG laser with the fundamental wavelength 1064 nm, laser pulse energy of 100 mj with fixed pulse repetition rate of 2 Hz were used, and varied …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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An Integrated Approach for Optical Router Design for High-Speed Data Centers
Abstract: AbstractData centers are the core of the networking. The users connect to top of rack (ToR) switches by various network topologies. Depending on topology designs and applications running on data centers decide the traffic characteristics. Due to cloud computing environment in many data center switches distinctive varieties of applications runs. Thus, traffic characteristics vary on various data center switches. This paper discusses the random and bursty traffic model for data …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Design of Thermal Actuator for Correcting Misalignment in Optics of Space Telescopes
Abstract: There are two types of actuators such as: linear actuator and rotary actuator. Basically, linear actuators are used for the actuation such as lifting, switching, moving etc. But when we use the actuator for the correction of misalignment, it requires precision in output. Recently there are many types of actuators available in market such as brushless DC motors, stepper motors, shape memory alloys, hydraulic and pneumatic actuators, piezoactuator, thermal actuators …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Processing and Characterization of Ni2MnSn FSMA
Abstract: Among Ferromagnetic Shape Memory alloys (FSMAs), Ni2MnSn Heusler alloys owing to occurrence of large magnetic field induced strain (> 10%) along with other interesting properties like premartensitic transition, high transformation temperature, large magnetocaloric effect and low stress of twin variant rearrangement. The prominent challenges facing the design and utilization of these specialized alloys are a limited range of operating temperatures, phase transformations that have high sensitivity to variations in composition, …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 2, Issue 1-3, 2012 · pp. 154–159 Read article
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Revolutionizing Optical Fibre Field Distribution with Linear Finite Element Method
Abstract: This study investigates the use of the linear Finite Element Method (FEM) for the analysis of the field distribution in optical fibres. Understanding the distribution of electric and magnetic fields is necessary to characterise fibre properties including mode profiles, propagation constants, and dispersion, all of which are essential for optimising fibre performance in a range of applications like sensing and telecommunications. This study emphasises on applying a linear FEM formulation …
Published in Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 32–42 Read article
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Process and Applications of Nano Materials
Abstract: Nanomaterial’s describe, in principle, materials of which a single unit is sized (in at least one dimension) between 1 and 1000 nanometers (10−9 meter) but is usually 1–100 nm. Particles of “nano” size have been shown to exhibit enhanced or novel properties including reactivity, greater sensing capability and increased mechanical strength. In the last two decades, researchers began developing the ability to manipulate matter at the level of single atoms …
Published in Nano Trends – A Journal of Nano Technology & Its Applications · Vol. 23, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 12–19 Read article
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Light-Matter Interactions in Molecular Photochemistry
Abstract: Molecular photochemistry explores the ways of molecules interaction with light, absorb photons, and excited‐state processes, and ultimately conversion of photon energy into chemical change. Core concepts of this innovative and relevant field are matter interaction like electronic, vibrational, and rotational transitions; non‐adiabatic couplings; energy & electron transfer; and light–matter coupling in weak and strong regimes. This article briefly surveys the multiplicity of these interactions, from the fundamentals of photon absorption …
Published in International Journal of Photochemistry and Photochemical Research · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 33–42 Read article
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Reliability-Aware Mathematical Model for Radiation-Hardened Satellite Communication Systems
Abstract: Satellite communication systems operate in radiation environments in which total ionizing dose (TID), displacement damage, and single-event effects (SEE) can progressively degrade electronic, optoelectronic, and communication components and can ultimately reduce link availability and mission reliability. This paper develops a Reliability-Aware Radiation-Hardened Satellite Communication Model (R-RHSCM) that mathematically couples the orbital radiation environment, accumulated radiation dose, component degradation, communication-link performance, single-event failure probability, redundancy, thermal effects, and adaptive mitigation. The …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2026 Read article