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10 articles for “hardened depth”
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Overlapped Multipass Laser Transformation Hardening of Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy Using Continuous Wave Rectangular Beam
Abstract: Overlapped multitrack laser transformation hardening (OMLTH) of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy of Grade 5 of 2 mm thickness sheet has been carried out using 2 kW Nd:YAG laser source with a CW rectangular beam of size 1×14 mm2. The present research article intended to provide a profound understanding of the multipass laser hardening process of TI-6Al-4V titanium alloy, and to investigate the effect of rectangular laser beam process parameters i.e., the …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 35–42 Read article
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Comparison of RSM and ANN Modeling Approaches in Predicting the Laser Phase Transformation Hardening Parameters on the Heat Input and Hardened-Bead Profile Quality of Unalloyed Titanium
Abstract: In the present work, laser transformation hardening (LTH) of unalloyed titanium, nearer to ASTM Grade 3 of chemical composition was investigated using CW 2kW, Nd: YAG laser. The laser process variables such as laser power, scanning speed, and focused position play a major role in deciding the laser hardened bead quality. Two methods, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) were used to predict the heat input and …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 36–59 Read article
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Experimental Investigation of Effect of Laser Process Parameters and Heat Input on Hardened Bead Geometry and Power Density of ASTM Grade 3 Pure Titanium using CW Laser Beam
Abstract: This research paper presents the experimental study of laser process parameters and heat input on hardened bead profile of ASTM Grade 3 commercially pure titanium sheet of 1.5 mm thickness using 2kW CW Nd: YAG laser. The selected two laser process parameters are: (1). Low laser process parameter (LLPP): Laser Power (LP): 600 Watts, Scanning speed (SS): 2000 mm/min, Focused position (FP): -10 mm with heat Input (HI): 180 J/cm …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 42–52 Read article
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Prediction and Optimization of Laser Transformation Hardening Parameters of Unalloyed Titanium Using RSM
Abstract: The optimization abilities in Design-expert software were used to optimize the laser phase transformation hardened bead profile parameters, i.e., to maximize hardened bead width (HBW) and to minimize, the heat input (HI), hardened depth (HD) and angle of entry of hardened bead profile (AEHB) in continuous wave (CW) Nd:YAG laser transformation hardening of unalloyed titanium sheet with 1.6 mm thickness. The mathematical models were developed from Response Surface Methodology (RSM) …
Published in Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Experimental Analysis of Cutting Forces Under Different Machining Parameters and Carbide Inserts During Turning of Hardened AISI 4340 Steel
Abstract: Turning of hardened materials with an advanced coated carbide insert has numerous advantages over the grinding process, e.g., reduced process cost, high material removal rate, and less environmental concern due to the elimination of the cutting fluid. Process parameters in conventional machining operations like cutting speed, feed, and depth of cut play the most crucial role behind the generation of heat which also leads to microstructural changes, improved tool life, …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites Read article
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Parametric optimization of end milling operation on EN24 – A Mapping Review
Abstract: The milling of EN24 hardened steels has been applied in many cases in production. The purpose of this review is to study the effect of influence of milling operation parameters such as cutting speed, feed and depth of cut on the material removal rate and surface roughness in milling of EN24 steel. The effect of milling operation parameters are evaluated for minimum surface roughness and maximizing material removal rate. Maximum …
Published in Journal of Production Research & Management · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 42–48 Read article
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Securing The Internet of Things: Threats, Safeguards, and Future Directions
Abstract: The Internet of Things (IoT) brings immense value while also presenting cybersecurity challenges due to its scale, distribution, and heterogeneity. This study conducts an in-depth analysis of IoT security issues, threats, vulnerabilities, and mitigation strategies through an extensive review of scholarly literature and real-world case studies. A multilayered security approach is proposed, encompassing device hardening, network monitoring, encryption, access controls, governance frameworks, and emerging technologies. The analysis underscores systemic IoT …
Published in Journal Of Network security · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 26–31 Read article
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Experimental investigation on impact resistance and energy absorption of multicell thin walled glass fibre reinforced polymer composite
Abstract: The objective of this study is to explore the behaviour of different types GFRP cell structures under dynamic load testing. In this study we have designed, fabricated, tested and analyzed specimens of different configurations (Cylindrical structure – 1 cell, 2 cell and 4 cell) using Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP). GFRP constituents are Glass fibre of 200 GSM with L-12 epoxy and K-6 hardener. Test specimens were manufactured by conventional …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 11, Issue 13, 2023 · pp. 85–95 Read article
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Phase – Field Modeling of Brittle and Ductile Fracture Under Complex Loading Conditions
Abstract: Phase-field modeling has emerged as a powerful computational framework for predicting fracture behavior in engineering materials, offering a unified description of crack initiation, propagation, branching, and coalescence without the need for explicit crack tracking. This study presents an in-depth examination of phase-field modeling applied to both brittle and ductile fracture under complex loading conditions, including multiaxial stress states, cyclic loading, thermal gradients, and dynamic impact. The phase-field approach regularizes the …
Published in International Journal of Fracture Mechanics and Damage Science · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 13–18 Read article
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Machining-Induced Surface Integrity Optimization of High-Carbon Alloy Steel for Enhanced Polymer–Metal Composite Interface Performance
Abstract: The functional performance and structural reliability of polymer–metal hybrid composites are strongly influenced by the surface integrity of metallic substrates used for interfacial bonding and load transfer. In this context, machining-induced surface characteristics play a critical role in determining adhesion behavior, dimensional stability, and mechanical compatibility within composite architectures. The present study investigates the hard turning performance of a newly developed high-carbon alloy steel intended for composite-integrated structural applications, with …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1531–1546 Read article