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23 articles for “distance metrics”
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Comparative Analysis of Distance Metrics using Face Recognition
Abstract: Researchers are using various distance metric standards in evaluation of face recognition methods. In past decades, the Eigenfaces and Fisherfaces face recognition methods were generally evaluated using the Euclidean distance (ED) metric that have shown better performance in cooperative environments, but poorly performed in non-cooperative environments. This paper presents a comparative analysis of distance metrics through face recognition methods i.e., Eigenfaces and Fisherfaces in both cooperative environments and non-cooperative environments. …
Published in Research & Reviews: Discrete Mathematical Structures · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Advancements in K-Means Clustering: Boosting Algorithm Performance through Innovations
Abstract: K-Means clustering is a widely used unsupervised learning algorithm for partitioning a dataset into distinct clusters. Despite its popularity and simplicity, K-Means has several limitations, such as sensitivity to initial centroids, convergence to local minima, and inefficiency with large datasets. This paper reviews recent advancements aimed at addressing these challenges and enhancing the performance of the K-Means algorithm. Innovations include improved initialization methods, such as K-Means++, which significantly reduce the …
Published in International Journal of Solid State Innovations & Research · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 30–37 Read article
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A Novel Segmentation Method of Cervical Cancer affected Surface Tissues based on Superpixels
Abstract: AbstractCervical Cancer is one of the pervasive forms of cancer afflicting the female population worldwide. A Digital Colposcope is a self-illuminated powerful microscope which acquires the image of the affected cervix. The raw cervix image acquired by the colposcope is known as a cervigram. The raw cervigram is preprocessed by removing the specular reflections and then the region of interest is sought. Different novel segmentation algorithms which were proposed in …
Published in Journal of Image Processing & Pattern Recognition Progress · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Firefly Algorithm–Based Optimization of Processing Parameters for Enhanced Performance of Polymer Composite Materials
Abstract: Polymer composite materials are extensively used in aerospace, automotive, and oil & gas applications due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and design flexibility. However, achieving optimal mechanical and thermal performance strongly depends on precise control of processing parameters such as curing temperature, energy consumption, and material utilization. Conventional trial-and-error approaches often lead to excessive energy usage, non-uniform curing, and sub-optimal composite properties. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 90–107 Read article
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A Novel Direct Weighted Deviation (DWD) Method for Agricultural Enterprise Selection: A Case Study of Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu
Abstract: The study proposes a novel Direct Weighted Deviation (DWD) method for Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) by eliminating normalization, distance metrics, and pairwise comparisons. DWD is thereafter used to evaluate and select ten rainfed agricultural enterprises against ten generic and context-specific viability criteria in Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu, a water-scarce region in India. Subsequently, other methods (AHP, SAW, WPM, and TOPSIS) are used to obtain a comparative second opinion and validate …
Published in International Journal of Industrial and Product Design Engineering · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Speaker Segmentation Using Non Linear Energy Operator Based Variance Spectral Flux
Abstract: AbstractSpeaker segmentation is considered to be a process that attempts to find speaker segment boundaries in a given audio stream. It can be used in various applications of speaker diarization, speaker indexing, word count etc. Classification of speech and non-speech can be obtained by traditional method of variance spectral flux (VSF). In this paper, we investigate the new techniques to perform the speaker segmentation task for multiple speakers in one …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Geo-spatial Predictions of Soil Organic Carbon: A Review
Abstract: Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) plays an important role in conservation of biophysical environment, i.e., biogeochemical cycles, soil fertility, water quality, atmospheric carbon control, temperature control, sustainable land management and food production. Geo-statistical techniques can be useful for precise estimations and preparation of high quality SOC maps essential for planning and monitoring the biophysical environment. Several studies have used geo-statistical techniques successfully for description of spatial patterns, quantitative modeling, spatial predictions …
Published in Journal of Remote Sensing & GIS · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 23–39 Read article
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A Journey through Fixed Points and Non-expansive Mappings
Abstract: Fixed points in non-expansive mappings are elements that remain unchanged under the action of the mapping. Non-expansive mappings preserve or contract distances in a metric space. The rigorous proof of the Banach fixed-point theorem is presented at the outset of the paper, highlighting its fundamental significance. According to this theorem, every contraction mapping (a particular kind of non-expansive mapping that strictly reduces distances) has a single fixed point in a …
Published in Research & Reviews: Discrete Mathematical Structures · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2024 Read article
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Multicriteria Decision Making using SR-Fuzzy Sets
Abstract: In this study, we introduce and explore square-root fuzzy sets (SR-Fuzzy sets), a novel extension within the realm of fuzzy set theory. We begin by establishing a comparative analysis between SR-Fuzzy sets and two well-known fuzzy set models: Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets (IFS) and Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets (PFS). This comparison highlights the unique characteristics and mathematical structure of SR-Fuzzy sets. A particular focus is placed on the complement operator, which plays …
Published in Recent Trends in Mathematics · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 12–20 Read article
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Expanding Hicks Contraction Theory, Multi-Valued Mappings in Generalized b-Menger Spaces
Abstract: This paper extends the Hicks contraction theory to multi-valued mappings within generalized b-Manger spaces, a class of metric-like structures that accommodate more flexible distance functions. By introducing new definitions, such as generalized admissibility conditions and weak compatibility in the multivalued sense, we provide a comprehensive analysis of how these contractions behave in broader topological and metric contexts. Our approach systematically generalizes classical contraction principles by relaxing conventional constraints, thereby broadening …
Published in Research & Reviews: Discrete Mathematical Structures · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–05 Read article
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Examining the Crowd in Real-time with Deep Learning
Abstract: In this research, a model is proposed that can be used to estimate crowd density in a specific region and to establish social distances in accordance with predetermined rules. This is accomplished utilizing a multi-source model-based approach. In a small public gathering where hand counting is impossible, this technique conducts a survey. To do this, input video frames are extracted, each frame is processed, and then passed to the model …
Published in Journal of Computer Technology & Applications · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 41–45 Read article
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Reducing the Dimensional Dependence for Rank-based Similarity Search
Abstract: In this paper, we try to introduce a data structure for k-NN search, the Rank Cover Tree (RCT). The pruning tests for RCT rely on the comparison of similarity values not on the other properties of the underlying space, such as the triangle inequality. Objects are selected according to their ranks with respect to the query object, allowing much tighter control on the overall execution costs. Theoretical analysis shows that …
Published in Journal of Advanced Database Management & Systems · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 20–25 Read article
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Reducing the Dimensional Dependence for Rank-Based Similarity Search
Abstract: In this paper a data structure for k-NN search, the rank cover tree (RCT) is implemented. The pruning tests for RCT rely on the comparison of similarity values and not on the other properties of the underlying space, such as the triangle inequality. Objects are selected according to their ranks with respect to the query object, allowing much tighter control on the overall execution costs. Theoretical analysis shows that with …
Published in Journal of Advanced Database Management & Systems · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 9–17 Read article
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Performance Comparison of Multi-hop Wireless Ad Hoc Network Routing Protocols using NS2
Abstract: Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) is a collection of wireless mobile nodes that forms a temporary network without any administrative support. Ad Hoc Networks are characterized by multi-hop wireless connectivity because of limited transmission range, it’s dynamically changing network topology requires efficient routing protocols. Over the years, many routing protocols have been developed for such environments like; Ad Hoc On-demand Distance Vector routing (AODV), Temporary Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA), Dynamic …
Published in Journal of Mobile Computing, Communications & Mobile Networks · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 24–33 Read article
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A Study of Fixed-Point and Best Proximity Point
Abstract: Fixed-point theory plays a fundamental role in nonlinear analysis and has significant applications in optimization, differential equations, and applied mathematics. This study investigates the existence and properties of fixed points and best proximity points for various classes of mappings defined on metric and normed spaces. While fixed-point results guarantee the existence of a point that remains invariant under a given mapping, such points may not exist when the mapping is …
Published in Recent Trends in Mathematics · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 28–39 Read article
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Compare Three Reactive Routing Protocols in Grid based Cluster Wireless Sensor Network using Qualnet Simulator
Abstract: AbstractThis paper is comparing the performance of three different routing protocols in grid based clustering for wireless sensor network. Sensor network is keeping limited energy of sensor node send limited battery power. However the main task of sensor network energy consumption for sensor nodes. Furthermore grid based sensor working depend on location based that is divided into different parts. In grid based wireless sensor network, cluster head it works like …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 6–12 Read article
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A Novel Approach for Texture Feature Extraction to Retrieve Texture Images using Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM)
Abstract: Image retrieval plays an important role in many of the areas. Content based image retrieval (CBIR) is used for browsing most similar images from the large database. Texture is an important characteristics used in identifying the region of interest or objects in an image. In this image retrieval method, texture method is used to extract the features and retrieves the similar images based on similarity of the features. In the …
Published in Journal of Image Processing & Pattern Recognition Progress · Vol. 1, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 32–36 Read article
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An Efficient Color Method for Retrieving Color-based Images
Abstract: Image retrieval plays a vital role in many of the areas. CBIR is content-based image retrieval for browsing images from a large dataset. Image retrieval is used in many of the applications such as image processing, pattern recognition, military, medical fields and forensic fields. In the proposed image retrieval method, color method is used to extract the features and retrieve similar images based on similarity of features. In the color …
Published in Journal of Web Engineering & Technology · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 16–19 Read article
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Efficient Multicast Routing in MANET
Abstract: Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is dynamic, self-configuring, distributive, infrastructure-less and self-organized wireless network having collection of independent mobile nodes which are free to move arbitrarily. MANET uses a multicast communication in various applications in which close collaboration of teams is very crucial. In this paper, we propose optimized expanding ring search (OERS) protocol which uses modified expanding ring search method during route discovery process and also analyse the performance …
Published in Journal of Mobile Computing, Communications & Mobile Networks · Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 16–26 Read article
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Performance Analysis of AODV, DSR and CGSR Routing Protocol in MANET based on Energy Consumption
Abstract: Mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANET) have gained lots of attention in researches in recentyears, especially in routing protocols due to their dynamic nature. There are number ofrouting protocols in MANET networks and performance of these routing protocolshave been evaluated focusing on metrics such as delay, packet delivery, routingoverhead, throughput. However, not much work has been done to evaluate energyaspect of these routing protocols. Design new energy efficient routing algorithms arebased on …
Published in Journal Of Network security · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 21–27 Read article