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114 articles for “PID controllers”
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Design of Differential Evolution Optimized PI Controller for a Temperature Process
Abstract: Differential evolution is a new stochastic population-based optimization algorithm. It is an accurate, fast and robust optimization method. In this paper, a PI controller is used and differential evolution optimization technique is used to optimize the controller parameters. The robust controller parameters are obtained by solving the optimization problem, which consists of objective functions and constraints, using differential evolution method. Here differential evolution is implemented in tuning of a PI …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 3, Issue 1-3, 2012 · pp. 17–26 Read article
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Flying Drone Using KK Flight Controller
Abstract: This paper presents the design, development, and testing of a quadcopter drone using the KK2.1.5 flight controller, with an emphasis on stability and educational value. The KK2.1.5 controller features are inbuilt LCD screen, inbuilt programming, enabling direct configuration and tuning without the need for a computer interface, which makes it highly suitable for beginners and students. The drone is built using a modular frame architecture, which allows for easy replacement …
Published in International Journal of Advanced Control and System Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 20–25 Read article
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Multimodal Power Control Strategy
Abstract: A multi-Zone generation control scheme implementing multi-Zone interconnected power system involving conventional steam plant in conglomeration with solar power plant, proposes a biomass plant with flywheel energy storage technology. The control action has been attempted by means of a PID controller generated by Zeigler Nichols’ method of tuning accompanied by genetic algorithm technique. To evaluate the feasibility of the developed work, a 30 bus IEEE legal test system and a …
Published in Journal of Microcontroller Engineering and Applications · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 15–28 Read article
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Implementation of Closed Loop Control of Flow in Air Blower System Using PLC and SCADA
Abstract: The intention of this paper is to design and implement the closed loop control of air flow rate in the air blower system. Desired value of flow rate is provide from the SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) and actual value of flow rate is measured through the flow sensor. Based on the difference between actual and desired value of flow rate, PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) increases or decreases the …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 39–43 Read article
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Design and Implementation of LQR with State Observer for Position Control of DC Servo Motor using dSPACE DS-1104
Abstract: The aim of this work is to design the LQR based state observer for controlling the position of a DC servo motor. The Luenburger observer is used to design the observer. The feedback controller gain is calculated using LQR technique and the overall system is simulated on MATLAB/Simulink. After observing the observer based feedback system in MATLAB/simulation, the overall system is implemented on dSPACE DS1104 Controller board. The result is …
Published in Journal of Instrumentation Technology & Innovations · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 21–28 Read article
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Hybrid Intelligent Controllers for Highly Accurate Trajectory Tracking of Manipulator
Abstract: Due to the lack of accurate knowledge of robotic manipulator model, the highly precise trajectory tracking cannot be obtained. Moreover in these modern times, multiple design control objectives cannot be met by single controller, hence; there is a need for having two or more controllers at a time. Hence, more powerful and effective systems can be made by combining these intelligent controllers. In this regard, evolutionary optimized advance intelligent controller …
Published in Trends in Electrical Engineering · Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 17–30 Read article
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Design And Implementation of Controllers for Quadruple Tank System
Abstract: Process industries have tightly integrated processes which are non-linear and have multiple manipulated and controlled variables. Level measurement plays an important role in many industries. In this paper, the level of the two lower tanks has to be controlled. Three different controllers have been designed and implemented by manipulating the motorised control valve. Conventional controllers may not perform well because of the variations in process dynamics and disturbances around them. …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 25–32 Read article
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Frequency Regulation in Two Area System with PSO Driven PID Technique
Abstract: Now a modern days power system structures gives a major advantages in applications at the time, losses are also produced. To get the stable operation of this structured power system need balancing between total generation with total load demand and system losses. Rising and falling load demand throws off the real and reactive power balances. As a result, the system frequency and tie line interchange power deviate from their pre-programmed …
Published in Journal of Power Electronics and Power Systems · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 8–20 Read article
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Design of Full State-feedback Controller for Implementation on a Coupled Tank Process
Abstract: A typical coupled tank process has the difficulty in controller design because of assumed nonlinear flow resistance and interaction between tanks. This paper deals with design methodology of full state feedback controller with set point gain and the performance of which is compared with Zeigler-Nichols (ZN) tuned proportional plus integral plus derivative (PID) controller for servo response. The state feedback controller with set point gain yields better performance compared to …
Published in Journal of Instrumentation Technology & Innovations · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 18–24 Read article
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Review of Control Strategies in Lower Extremity Exoskeleton
Abstract: Personal mobility is one of the biggest challenges for ensuring the quality of rehabilitation in the lives of Persons with Locomotor Disabilities (PwLDs) and old aged persons. In order to ensure effective orthotic rehabilitation, there is need to design and develop more and more automated aids and appliances. In order to know the status of research a study has been made on the controllers of lower limb exoskeleton (LLE). In …
Published in International Journal of Robotics and Automation in Mechanics · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 9–21 Read article
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Signal Modeling, Control and Simulation of Boost Converter Using PV Cell
Abstract: DC-DC converters are switched power converters. They are used to convert one DC voltage to another DC voltage. It is inordinately used in industry as well as in research. The model of the converter system varies from the ON state to the OFF state. The major drawback of the boost converter is the uncontrolled supply of voltage and current. So, a convectional PID controller is designed to regulate the output …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 23–30 Read article
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Comparative Study on Optimal Frequency Control of Interconnected Hybrid Microgrid based mini VPP using PSO and SSA
Abstract: This work proposed the optimal load frequency control of an interconnected hybrid microgrid based mini virtual power plant (VPP) by comparing the responses using particle swarm optimization (PSO) and salp swarm algorithm (SSA). Initially, a hybrid microgrid is proposed with solar PV, wind and diesel based generators, supplying critical loads along with some controllable loads like heat pump and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Then it was interconnected to the main …
Published in Journal of Mobile Computing, Communications & Mobile Networks · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 7–15 Read article
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Dynamic Simulation of Load-Responsive Vapor Compression Refrigeration Systems
Abstract: Because of their dependable operation and effectiveness, vapor compression refrigeration systems, or vapor compression refrigeration (VCRS), have become popular in commercial, industrial, and residential settings. However, under different thermal loads, classic vapor compression refrigeration (VCR) systems may perform less well in that they are usually built for steady-state conditions and run at consistent speeds. In order to improve a load-responsive VCR system’s flexibility, energy efficiency, and response to changing cooling …
Published in Journal of Refrigeration, Air conditioning, Heating and ventilation · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 32–37 Read article
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Design of Model-based Controllers for a CSTR Process
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to propose suitable control strategies for controlling highly nonlinear system represented by the mathematical model of the jacketed continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with so called Van de Vusse reaction. The operating point of the reactor is chosen so as to give maximum yield of the desired product. The mathematical model of reactor is obtained by considering the feed flow rate (Fr) as the …
Published in Journal of Instrumentation Technology & Innovations · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 13–20 Read article
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Challenges and Solutions in Load Frequency Control: A Review of Controller Design
Abstract: The Load Frequency Control (LFC) of two area interconnected reheat thermal systems utilising a traditional proportional integral (PI) controller is described in this study. Boiler dynamics, a non-linear generating rate constraint, and a regulator dead band are all integrated into the system. When nonlinearities and boiler dynamics are considered, the traditional PID & P controllers do not produce sufficient control performance. To overcome this issue, a PI Controller has been …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 14, Issue 3, 2023 · pp. 36–50 Read article
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A Comprehensive Study of various Multi-Area Hybrid Power Systems for Generation Control
Abstract: This paper is a detailed examination of multi-area hybrid power systems in the control of the generation taking into consideration the two area up to five area connected networks. As renewable energy sources are more and more integrated, and modern grids become more and more complex, the stability of the system itself and the frequency regulation have risen to a major issue. The study highlights the significance of Automatic Generation …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power and Machine Systems · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 28–42 Read article
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Level Control of Tank System: Comparative Approach
Abstract: Level measurement and control and monitoring are important for many products and processes in a diverse range of industries including manufacturing, storage and service industries. In this paper liquid level in the cylindrical tank is to be controlled at desired value. The composite controllers of proportional integral controller and proportional integral derivative controller was designed using Ziegler Nichols tuning for the cylinderical tank system. The fuzzy logic controller was implemented …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 9–12 Read article
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Temperature Control Techniques for Heat Exchanger System: A Review
Abstract: Heat transfer from one process fluid to another is necessary application of the process control. Heat exchangers are most widely used in industrial application to transfer of heat. Different types and configuration according to its flow, temperature and pressure, etc. are used for different application. Oil and gas, food industries, HAVAC system, power generation heat exchanger are widely used. Control objective is to keep outlet temperature of heat exchanger at …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Sliding Mode Controller-based Load Frequency Regulation for a Two-area Interrelated Power System
Abstract: This study presents the use of the sliding mode control approach for power systems load frequency regulation. A sliding mode load frequency controller is part of a two-area power system. Both reheat and non-reheat. These two regions each have a distribution of thermal turbines. Nonlinearities such as governor dead region and production rate limitations are included in the block diagram of a power plant model. Our control objective is to …
Published in International Journal of Advanced Control and System Engineering · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 8–13 Read article
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Modeling of Patient of Type 1 Diabetes for Blood Glucose Control
Abstract: The recent development in the insulin delivery system is the automatic one. The blood glucose levels are controlled by the feedback loop. The initial success with the simple models in normalizing blood glucose level led to the improvement of the devices including variety of control system. The insulin delivery system to diabetic is a tedious job and doesn’t ensure proper performance and leads to various complications if the delivery of …
Published in Journal of Microelectronics and Solid State Devices · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 30–35 Read article