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84 articles for “DNA”
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Nanoparticle and Lipid-Based Vaccine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review of Platforms, Stability, Pharmacokinetics, and Immune Modulation
Abstract: The rapid evolution of vaccine technologies over the past decade has highlighted the transformative role of nanoparticle (NP) and lipid-based delivery systems in modern immunization practices. These platforms – including polymeric nanoparticles, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), liposomes, nanoemulsions, and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) – enable enhanced antigen stability, improved cellular uptake, targeted antigen delivery, and potent immune activation. This systematic review critically examines the physicochemical foundations, manufacturing approaches, stability challenges, pharmacokinetic …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 18–36 Read article
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Extracellular Vesicle-Based Liquid Biopsies: Decoding the Tumor Microenvironment for Precision Oncology
Abstract: The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in cancer initiation, progression, and therapeutic response. Decoding the TME is, therefore, essential for advancing precision oncology. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, are nanoscale lipid bilayer particles secreted by tumor and stromal cells. They transport a wide range of bioactive molecules, such as DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, and metabolites, which reflect the dynamic state of the TME. Recent advances in …
Published in Research and Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology · Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 43–62 Read article
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Electromagnetic Field Effects on Biological Systems and Safety Evaluation of Microwave Exposure
Abstract: The increasing use of wireless communication systems, radar technologies, and microwave- based devices has raised growing concerns regarding the potential biological effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on living systems. This review paper investigates the interaction between electromagnetic field exposure, particularly in the microwave frequency range, and biological tissues, with a focus on safety implications and risk assessment. Microwave radiation, commonly emitted from mobile phones, Wi-Fi routers, and industrial equipment, can …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 26–33 Read article
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Overcoming Obstacles to an HIV-1 Cure: Advances in Genome Editing, Immune System Reprogramming, and Viral Reservoir Elimination
Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) continues to represent a major global health challenge despite the remarkable success of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Although ART effectively suppresses viral replication and prolongs survival, it cannot eradicate the virus due to the persistence of long-lived latent reservoirs. In recent years, innovative therapeutic strategies have been explored with the aim of achieving either a functional remission or complete viral elimination. Advances in genome-editing technologies, particularly …
Published in International Journal of Virus Studies · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 Read article