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82 articles for “multi-spectral”
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A multi-index remote sensing analysis for Characterizing water stress, and environmental indicators in Girnar Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat, India
Abstract: Water scarcity is a critical concern in arid and semi-arid regions, with implications for ecological stability, public health, and sustainable resource management. The Girnar Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat, presents a case where ecological fragility intersects with cultural and religious pressures. This study employs satellite remote sensing and GIS-based approach to characterize water stress parameters within the sanctuary. Key spectral indices along with Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) were integrated through …
Published in Journal of Remote Sensing & GIS · Vol. 17, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Revolutionizing Petrology and Mineralogy: The Study of AI and Advanced Sensor Technologies
Abstract: Petrology and mineralogy are fundamental to understanding Earth's intricate processes, from crustal evolution to economic resource formation. However, traditional methods, while precise, are often laborious, time-consuming, and occasionally subject to interpretive bias. This abstract explores the transformative potential of integrating cutting-edge Artificial Intelligence (AI) and advanced sensor technologies to revolutionize data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation in these critical geosciences. Advanced sensor technologies, including high-resolution spectral imaging (hyperspectral, Raman), automated X-ray …
Published in International Journal of Minerals · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Study of Spectrum Sensing Techniques for OFDM-based Cognitive Radio
Abstract: Nowadays OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) techniques are adopted by many existing or progressing wireless communication standards. OFDM’s sensing and spectrum shaping capabilities together with its flexibility and adaptivity make it the best transmission technology for CR system. Spectrum sensing helps to detect the spectrum holes (unutilized bands of the spectrum) providing high spectral resolution capability. Thus, a robust spectrum sensing algorithm for OFDM modulated signals is highly decide to …
Published in Recent Trends in Electronics Communication Systems · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 25–31 Read article
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AI Voice Detection Tool
Abstract: In today’s digital era, distinguishing between AI-generated and human voices is more important than ever. This project introduces an AI-based voice detection system designed to accurately identify synthetic voices, ensuring security and authenticity across various applications like cybersecurity, media verification, and fraud prevention.Our system works by analyzing incoming audio samples and comparing them against a diverse database of both AI-generated and real human voices. Using advanced machine learning and signal …
Published in Journal of Instrumentation Technology & Innovations · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Exploiting Phase of Speech Signal for Speaker Recognition
Abstract: Abstract—Performance of speaker recognition system with feature based on temporal phase is presented in this paper. In the state of the art spectral feature, Mel Frequency Cepstal Coefficient (MFCC) only magnitude of the Fourier Transform of speech signal is considered while phase is ignored. The cepstral coefficients extracted from temporal phase (MFTPC) of speech signal are used as features for speaker recognition system. The performance of MFTPC feature is evaluated …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 81–87 Read article
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A Novel Approach of Medical Image Fusion using Wavelet Transforms
Abstract: Image processing applications have been growing rapidly in real world. The term fusion means an approach to extract the useful information from several modalities. Image fusion (IF) is used to integrate the complementary information obtained from multisensor, multiview and/or multitemporal and get an image of more information and the quality of which cannot be achieved from any individual image. Different fusion algorithms are useful in many applications like medical diagnosis …
Published in Journal of Image Processing & Pattern Recognition Progress · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 18–25 Read article
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Emerging Trends in 5G and Beyond-5G Wireless Networks
Abstract: Wireless networks have evolved in the blink of an eye from 4G to 5G and are progressing towards beyond-5G (B5G) frameworks, leading to revolutionary changes in connectivity, speed, and network smarts. This review discusses trending features, challenges, and future trends of 5G and B5G wireless communications technologies. It presents chief goals of 5G, such as ultra-low latency, high spectral efficiency, massive machine-type communication, and up to 10 Gbps user data …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 11–19 Read article
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Schrödinger Cat's Experiment's Interpretation and Parallel Universe or Multiple Universes
Abstract: Quantum mechanics provides us most fundamental descriptions of our most early universe, but there is a long-standing debate amongst theoretical physicists about what all these mathematics really mean in real world? The present three-dimensional (3D) universe, we humans experience daily since our birth, is probably just one of an enormous numbers of essentially classical worlds, and all quantum phenomena arise from a universal force of repulsions that prevented many universes …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 35–52 Read article
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Hyperspectral Image Compression and Classification: A Survey
Abstract: The applications of hyperspectral images (HSI) are many, which include agriculture, food quality, remote sensing, medical diagnostics and safety assessment. Hyperspectral image analysis has been used for detecting contaminants and identifying defects in food. It also utilizes advanced software and hardware tools hence allowing users to diagnose and detect pathologies. In this paper an avant-garde investigation about Hyperspectral image compression and classification techniques which can be used in various applications …
Published in Journal of Remote Sensing & GIS Read article
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Spectral Mapping and Tracking Error of MBOC signal and Wavelet based GNSS receiver
Abstract: This research paper delves into the historical evolution and contemporary state of the art in navigation technologies, emphasizing the paramount importance of reliable positioning systems. Tracing the journey from ancient primitive methods to the present-day Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), with a focus on the Global Positioning System (GPS), the paper explores the diverse instruments and methods developed by civilizations throughout history to determine location and navigate effectively. The main …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 50–65 Read article
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Assessment of Temporal Features for Geographical Localisation of Satellite Images
Abstract: AbstractMost of the geographical applications are dependent upon the frequent interpretation or analysis of satellite images captured at periodical manner. Consequently the observation is mainly due to the environmental or human based comprehensive changes in spatio-temporal information, which affect the overall process. Thus the past and present data are main sources in the various predictive investigations in remote sensing. While inherent spatial and spectral information are exploited severely, it is …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Ecology · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 16–26 Read article
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Binary GA for Sidelobe Reduction and Null Steering in 5G Array
Abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive performance evaluation of a Binary Genetic Algorithm (BGA) for optimizing radiation characteristics of an active phased array antenna used in fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication systems. The primary objective is to achieve effective null steering while maintaining the desired main beam direction and simultaneously reducing the side lobe level (SLL). These improvements are essential for minimizing co-channel interference, enhancing spatial selectivity, and improving the Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio …
Published in International Journal of Radio Frequency Innovations · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Dual-Wavelength and Tunable Fiber Lasers for Microwave Photonic Applications
Abstract: Dual-wavelength and tunable fiber lasers have emerged as key enabling technologies for advanced microwave photonic (MWP) systems, offering high spectral purity, wide tunability, and enhanced stability. These laser sources play a critical role in generating and processing microwave and millimeter-wave signals through optical means, enabling low-loss transmission and immunity to electromagnetic interference. This review presents recent progress in the design and implementation of dual-wavelength and tunable fiber lasers, highlighting their …
Published in Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technologies · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 17–25 Read article
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Machine Learning-Based Channel Estimation in 5G, Beyond-5G, and 6G Networks: Recent Advances and Future Directions
Abstract: Accurate channel estimation is one of the most fundamental challenges in modern wireless communication systems. In fifth- generation (5G) New Radio (NR) and emerging sixth-generation (6G) networks, precise knowledge of the wireless channel is essential for achieving reliable data transmission, high spectral efficiency, and low Bit Error Rate (BER). Conventional estimation techniques such as Least Squares (LS) and Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) rely on mathematical channel models and predefined …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Sub-Pixel Classification of Multi-date Satellite Images for Accurate Change Detection in Pichavaram Mangroves, Tamilnadu, India
Abstract: The Pichavaram mangrove wetland ecosystem contains species such as Rhizophora apiculata and Avicennia marina which are interspersed with the creeks and marshland landforms. Various studies have indicated that over the years the areal extent of this mangrove ecosystem has decreased due to both human impact and natural causes (erosion). However, field visits have indicated an increase in the areal extent due to re-forestation by the officials of the forestry department. …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2013 · pp. 30–37 Read article
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Facile Synthesis of SnO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite for the photocatalytic degradation of Methylene Blue dye under visible light irradiation
Abstract: This work reports the nanoscale samples of pure tin dioxide (SnO₂), graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄), and their composite (SnO₂/g-C₃N₄) were successfully synthesized using the co-precipitation technique. The synthesized materials were extensively analyzed using multiple characterization techniques such as Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD), High-Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy (HR-SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDAX), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Visible Spectroscopy, and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM). Results from PXRD and EDAX confirmed …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1835–1845 Read article
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SYNERGISTIC FUSION OF HYPERSPECTRAL AND HIGH RESOLUTION IMAGE FOR IMPROVING PERFORMANCE AND RELIABILITY OF AUTOMATICALLY EXTRACTED URBAN FEATURES
Abstract: Image fusion is a generic word referring to several techniques of digital image processing which are used to integrate data from different spatial and spectral resolutions in order to obtain higher-quality synthetic images. This paper emphasizes the assessment and systematic analysis of image fusion techniques by measuring the quantity of enhanced information in fused images. EO1- Hyperion and IKONOS (MSS+PAN) have been fused using Principal component analysis, Gram-Schmidt Transformation (GST) …
Published in Journal of Remote Sensing & GIS · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2010 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Review And Analysis of Application of Conductive Polymer Composites in Power-Efficient RF Circuits For 5G PAPR Reduction
Abstract: The need for low power RF circuits has gained more importance in the background of fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication systems, since the inherent PAPR characteristic of 5G signals—especially when using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based techniques—becomes high. This high PAPR limits the efficiency of RF power amplifiers, increases power consumption, and induces thermal management challenges. In this context, conductive polymer composites (CPCs), based on advanced polymer matrices integrated with …
Published in Journal of Polymer & Composites · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 111–125 Read article
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Use of NMR and Other Spectroscopy Techniques in Heterocyclic Oxadiazole Derivatives Studies: A Review
Abstract: It was possible to create a number of novel symmetrical 2,5-dialkyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles with substituents including carboxymethylamino, isopropyloxycarbonylmethylamino, and bromine at the terminal positions of the alkyl groups. The multistep process that was devised used hydrazine hydrate, phosphorus oxychloride, and commercially available acid chlorides that varied in alkyl chain length and terminal substituent.Diisopropyliminodiacetate was an easy way to substitute the intermediate bromine-containing 2,5-dialkyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles. This was followed by hydrolysis in an aqueous methanol …
Published in International Journal of Photochemistry and Photochemical Research · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 07–13 Read article
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Intuitionistic Fuzzy Hypergraph Laplacians and Dominating Transversals for Resilient Discrete Network Design
Abstract: This manuscript develops a discrete mathematical framework for resilience analysis on networks whose interactions are polyadic, uncertain, and partially conflicting. Classical graphs compress multi-way coordination into pairwise edges, while ordinary fuzzy graphs often ignore the non-membership information that becomes critical in emergency logistics, infrastructure interdependence, and cyberphysical coordination. We therefore formulate an intuitionistic fuzzy hypergraph in which each vertex hyperedge incidence carries membership, non-membership, and hesitation, and we construct a …
Published in Research & Reviews: Discrete Mathematical Structures · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 15–21 Read article