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871 articles for “Calculations”
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High Gain Antenna Array (2x1 and 4x1) Design for WLAN Application
Abstract: Micro-strip antennas became very popular in 1970s primarily for space borne applications. Today they are used for government and commercial applications. These antennas consist of a metallic patch on a grounded substrate. The metallic patch can take many different configurations. However, the rectangular and circular patches are most popular because of ease of analysis and fabrication, and their attractive radiation characteristics, especially low cross-polarization radiation. In high performance aircraft, spacecraft, …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Comparative Analysis of Different SRAM Cells Architecture at 70 nm
Abstract: There are severe constraints which affect the real time operation of SRAM cells. With increasing demand of device scaling, the performance parameters of SRAM cells are affected. Our main purpose is to maintain performance of memory cells in real time operation. Here, we considered three basic parameters stability, leakage current and delay for compression of various SRAM cell architectures. In this paper, we considered conventional 6T, asymmetric 7T, asymmetric 8T …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 33–41 Read article
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Design and Analysis of MAC Unit Using Single Precision Floating Point Vedic Multiplier
Abstract: Multiplication and accumulation are the basic operations which are important in several microprocessors and digital signal processing (DSP) applications to execute dedicated algorithms. Developing high speed MAC is essential for real time DSP application. The MAC unit determines the speed of the overall system and it lies in the critical path. As the demand for high speed design is continuously increasing, the studies related to the field of multipliers and …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 28–35 Read article
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Power Analysis Comparison of Gated Diode Dram Cell Design on 32 nm Technology
Abstract: In this paper power consumption of Gated diode DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) cells are carried out. This analysis is carried out on 32 nm scale. The DRAM cell used here are 3T1D and 2T1D DRAM cell. Static, total average and transient power for both types of cells are simulated in order to have a comparison of their performance on the same technology. A comparative study of different types of …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 19–23 Read article
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4-Bit Magnitude Comparator Design using Different Logic Styles
Abstract: 4-Bit Magnitude Comparator using various logic styles is explained here. Comparison is one of the common arithmetic operations that is used to determine which number is greater, equal to, or less. Every device from OP-AMP to ALU needs to perform comparison operations. At designing level, comparator can be designed by using different logic styles. Here, comparison is done for simple 4-Bit combinational comparator and cascaded comparator which we have designed …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 16–22 Read article
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Simulation Study of Tapered Shape FinFET
Abstract: During recent years, nonplaner tri-gate (TG) field-effect transistors (FETs) such as FinFETs have been extensively studied for the enhancement of electrostatic control and suppression of short-channel effects (SCEs) in the sub50 nm regime. As the device scaled, it is observed that the shape of the rectangular FinFET becomes tapered shape. This paper presents the design and analysis of a tapered-shaped FinFET. By varying the sidewall inclination angle of a rectangular …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 21–31 Read article
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Design of Booth Encoded Multi-Modulus {2n-1, 2n, 2n+1} RNS Multiplier
Abstract: Multiplication, a very important arithmetic operation, is finding a great use these days in various applications (especially DSP, multimedia and image processing). Due to advances in technology and increasing needs for high-speed calculations, it has become really necessary and important to design a fast efficient multiplier. A productive method to speed up the multiplication is reduction in the Partial Product (PP) array. In this paper, the design of 8, 16 …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 7–14 Read article
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Effect of Various Parameters on Threshold Voltage of Virtually Fabricated Lightly Doped PMOS Device
Abstract: This paper emphasis on the design, fabrication and analysis of 45 nm P type MOSFET device using SILVACO TCAD tool. The analysis was based on variation of various parameters like oxide thickness, threshold implant and halo implant (pockets) to analyze the threshold voltage. The drain versus gate and drain versus gate plots are being plotted using tony-plot. It has been observed that as the thickness of the oxide increases, threshold …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 13–20 Read article
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A Novel Conflict-Free Efficient Memory-Based Real FFT Processor using UTB
Abstract: AbstractWe present “A Novel Conflict-Free Efficient Memory-Based Real Fast Fourier Transform (RFFT) using Urdhva Tiryagbhayam Butterfly”. In this paper different FFT lengths for address schemes are integrated that supports FFT processing which are used in diverse systems such as telecommunications. Address methods for various FFT lengths are coordinated in this paper to help FFT processing for different frameworks like broadcast communications. The memory bank and address can be produced by …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Analysis of Six-Pulse Bridge Circuits Including Zener and Semiconductor Diodes – Part Two
Abstract: The present study offers a generic method for simulating and modelling six-pulse rectifier bridge circuits in the time domain. These circuits can include Zener and/or semi-conductor type diodes or even a mixture of them. The governing system of simultaneous algebraic and differential equations are listed and solved numerically using a computer code written in Mathematica. The flexibly written program can handle voltage sources of any time waveform, frequency or internal …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 13–21 Read article
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Comparison of RSA and ECC Public key Cryptography Techniques in WSN
Abstract: Nowadays, the usage of the wireless sensor networks becomes more advanced and popular. The more these technologies are increasing; there is more necessity for the security mechanisms where the networks have increased diverse. So many security mechanisms solutions are been proposed in the domain of WSN so far and mostly these solutions are usually based on the cryptographic techniques or algorithms. This paper describes two public key cryptography techniques namely, …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 28–35 Read article
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Performance analysis and implementation of 89C51 controller Based Solar Tracking System with Boost Converter
Abstract: Among the top issues in the modern day is electricity consumption minimization. Particularly in lighting purposes, electricity consumption minimization mode consumes 20% or so of all electricity produced. Often these conventional light bulbs have already been substituted by LEDs, which is an effective technique to cut energy use. The basic solar energy conversion element, the solar panel, is set at a specific angle and is unable to monitor the position …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 34–41 Read article
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Stochastic Modelling for Generating Monthly and Annual Rainfall at Rajasthan
Abstract: Rainfall is a phenomenon, which directly or indirectly affects all the sectors like agriculture, insurance, industry and other allied fields. It is well established that the rainfall is changing on both the global and the regional scales due to global warming. So the prediction of actual amount of rainfall is very complex till now. But now a day’s stochastic rainfall models are widely used in hydrologic analysis for rainfall forecasting. …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 28–39 Read article
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Soil Erosion Estimation modelling by Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation and SWAT on GIS platform
Abstract: Soil erosion is a threat to the economy of countries whose economy is dependent on Agriculture. It is very difficult to stop the soil erosion however if the causes of soil erosion and the quantum of it are calculated then with few appropriate soil conservation measures it can be reduced. This study is an attempt to estimate soil erosion by RUSLE & SWAT, in which urgent need of conservation measures …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 56–69 Read article
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Preference assessment of energy and momentum equations over 2D-SKM method in compound channels
Abstract: Gradually varied flow in channels could be assessed and investigated from both the energy and momentum equations standpoints. Depending on what method is implemented, the computational results could be different. Currently, there is an ambiguity on the preference of utilizing the energy and momentum equations standpoints. This study attempts to respond to this ambiguity and the question that among these pair viewpoints which one would provide a closer solution to …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 24–34 Read article
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A Feasibility Analysis on New Drainage Channel to Control Flooding in Southwest Chennai Using Hydraulic Model
Abstract: Flood Management plays a major role in minimizing the socio-economic loss in a watershed. In the urban context, flood is due to uncontrolled settlements of migrated population along the length of surplus carrying channels. This study focuses on feasibility analysis of existing drainage channel and proposed drainage channel network as structural management measure for a watershed, proposed by public work department of Chennai to reduce the impact of flood. In …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Hydroelectricity Generation by the Recycling of Water
Abstract: The global world is hungry for more energy continuously which has resulted in extra burden to both renewable and non-renewable energy resources. As we know electrical appliances are increasing and the demand of electricity is also increasing. And the time is not far away when we will not have sufficient electricity to run these appliances and water to generate electricity because declining of water level is also continuous day by …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 23–27 Read article
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Quality of Surface and Ground Water Around Machenahalli Indutrial Estate Between Bhadravathi and Shimoga Cities, Karnataka, India
Abstract: This study is done to analyse the physic-chemical properties of surface and ground water around Machenahalli industrial area. About seven surface water and nine ground water samples were collected and analysed for physico-chemical parameters like pH, EC (Electrical conductivity), Ca, TH, Mg, Na, K2O, SO4, CO3, HCO3 Cl and TDS (Total dissolve solid). And these results were compared with the drinking water standards of ISI (2003) and WHO (2004).For the …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 36–40 Read article
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Reuse of Wastewater Collected from Railway Station for Agriculture Purpose
Abstract: United nation has estimated that till we reach 2050, around 5 billion people were facing acute water scarcity problem worldwide. Due to unparalleled growth in India, increased water supply & sanitation coverage leads to release of increasing volumes of wastewater discharged into wastewater streams, our aim is to reuse that wastewater discharging out of railway station streams economically for agriculture purpose. For that we have collected & tested various samples …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Sensitivity of Shape Factor Impacts in Water Works Infrastructure Failure
Abstract: Simple geometry used in water software and hydride sign works was failed here. Comprehensive real data with complex irregular geometries were incorporated provided for wider application and feasible solutions. A realistic and more practical approach was tested, found reliable and compatible with water engineering principles considered for calculation of volumetric water rates by three types of Ogee shapes. Results indicated proximity between numerical and experimental data accurately predicted based on …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 25–34 Read article