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847 articles for “Estimation”
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Comparative Study of RC Elevated Water Tank
Abstract: Designing a water tank requires a good approximation of water demands which is depends on the estimation of population growth rate and design life of the tank and the per capita water consumption rate. Due to rapid increase in urbanization, development activities and enormous need by the public the rate of water consumption increasing day by day. It would difficult task to supply the water directly from the source, it …
Published in Journal of Structural Engineering and Management · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2023 · pp. 12–19 Read article
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Synthesis and Characterization of In2S3 Nanoflake Thin Film for Photosensor Applications
Abstract: Indium sulphide (In2S3) thin films in the form of nanoflakes are synthesized by using chemical vapour deposition method on glass substrate with the intension to test its photosensor applications. These as deposited nanoflake thin films are characterized for physicochemical properties using X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) analysis,scanning electron microscopy (SEM) while optoelectronic properties were studied using optical and electrical characteristics obtained through UV-Vis transmission spectroscopy and I-V …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 21–26 Read article
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Pipeline Integrity Optimal Maintenance Techniques and Its Reliability
Abstract: This study is aimed at determining the optimal maintenance model for utilizing both preventive and corrective costs control system. It was assumed that operating conditions and pipeline diameters were uniform following the cumulated results and computational analysis. The research included an estimation which shows that the average cost for the installation and of course the maintenance of a healthy and operational pipeline is within $1,989,992 per km. Considering the failure …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 23–29 Read article
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Optimization Study by Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network on the Culture Parameters of Citric Acid Bioproduction from Sweet Potato Peels
Abstract: In the cause of this research work, two steps enzymatic hydrolysis of sweet potato peel was carried out respectively. The effect of α-amylase dose, reaction time, and reaction temperature and biomass weight on glucose concentration was investigated carefully. The response surface methodology (REM) predicted the highest reducing sugar concentration at liquefaction to be 74 g/L, at the following optimized conditions; temperature of 45°C, α-amylase dose 0.7 %v/v, biomass weight 22.345 …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 30–38 Read article
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A Neural Network Approach to Study the Bandwidth of C-Shaped Microstrip Antenna
Abstract: This paper presents the use of artificial neural network for the estimation of frequency band and bandwidth of a line feed C-Shaped Microstrip patch antenna. The results obtained by using ANNs are compared with IE3D simulation and found quite satisfactory. The designed antenna operates in the frequency range (1.735 to 1.945 GHz). The antenna is designed using glass epoxy between the ground plane and patch and simulated on the Zeland …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 24–30 Read article
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Efficient Encoding And Decoding Block Turbo Codes
Abstract: A channel coding approach is performed to lower the noise and interference that erupted in the communication channel. There are indeed a myriad of alternative channel coding schemes that have been developed. Block and convolutional codes are the most prevalent. Turbo code is a new near-channel capacity error-correcting code that has been introduced recently. The information can be transmitted across the channel with a very low bit error rate using …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 11–23 Read article
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Nonlinear Semiconductor Device Modeling using Neural Networks
Abstract: This paper describes the nonlinear semiconductor (transistor) of small and large signal modeling using a single neural network. Multilayer perceptron (MLP) with back-propagation (BP) learning is adopted in this work to model the drain current (ID) and the transconductance (gm) of the transistor. MLP modeling performance in terms of mean square error (MSE) and complexity of the network are illustrated briefly. Artificial neural network (ANN) model outcome for nonlinear function …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Modelling of Skin Effect in On-Chip VLSI RLC Global Interconnect
Abstract: This paper addresses one of the aspects of the high frequency effects, namely the skin effect. The basicproblem with skin effect is that it attenuates the high frequency components of a signal more than that ofthe low frequency components. Due to the increase in operating frequency and die sizes, RC models arebecoming insufficient for analysis of global VLSI interconnects. Accurate noise modelling for RLC lines isthus critical for timing and …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 1, Issue 1-2-3, 2011 · pp. 31–44 Read article
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Delay Minimization of 3 Cascaded Inverters with the Help of Logical Effort and Transistor Sizing
Abstract: With logical effort minimum delay of the path can be estimated by only knowing number of stages, path effort, and parasitic delay without the need to assign transistor sizes. This is superior to simulation where delay depends on sizes and you never achieve certainty that the size selected would offer minimum delay. In this work 3 cascaded inverters is being sized in the ratio 1:2:3 to achieve minimum propagation delay …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 2, Issue 1-2-3, 2012 · pp. 29–31 Read article
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High-speed CMOS ADCs Design
Abstract: This paper presents the design of high-speed subranging and flash analog to digital data converters (ADC) including the design of efficient operational amplifier to meet the performance requirements of these data converters for the specifications laid down targeted to the SCL 1.2 μm CMOS Foundry. The design starts from the specification of the circuit, its theoretical analysis for the parameter estimations of the transistors as well as the circuit’s design. …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 2, Issue 1-2-3, 2012 · pp. 59–74 Read article
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Performance Analysis of Fe/SiO2/Fe MTJ and Ni/Al2O3/Ni MTJ-based Magnetoresistive Random Access Memories (MRAMs)
Abstract: This paper reports the first principle simulations of Fe/SiO2/Fe and Ni/Al2O3/Ni magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). A performance analysis has been done based upon the device-level simulations of the two magnetic tunnel junctions followed by the circuit level simulations of magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) cell operating with the two MTJs respectively. From the device-level simulations, the two MTJs have been compared with regard to the bias dependence of TMR ratios, …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 2, Issue 1-2-3, 2012 · pp. 92–100 Read article
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Low-Power Design of Content Addressable Memory using Master Slave Match Line Architecture
Abstract: Content Addressable Memory (CAM) is a storage unit used for faster accessing of lookup table that reduces processing time for search operation. It is mainly used very-high-speed searching applications like computer networking devices. The MAC address table is implemented with a CAM so that the destination port can be easily detected by reducing the switch’s latency. CAM gets its high speed of operation by parallel search mechanism. This paper proposes …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 29–34 Read article
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ED-SS based Cognitive Radio (CR) over Rayleigh Fading Channel and the Performance of Optimized Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Technique for Modern Wireless Communications
Abstract: Cognitive Radio (CR) has indeed been shown to be a superior way to address the issue of spectrum scarcity in which every wireless system occupies the limited bandwidth spectrum (LBS) allotting to the licensed users. Spectrum holes, which are approximated using spectrum sensing, occur when this LBS is empty in a certain location at a specific moment (SS). The SS is the main objective of CR and various SS techniques …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Performance Analysis and study of losses in GaAs Multi Junction Solar cells using Current and Voltage Measurements
Abstract: Cross section coordinated, triple-intersection sunlight based cells with strain repaid quantum spots (QDs) in the GaAs center cell were developed by Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD). Structures with various quantities of QD layers are contrasted with gauge structures with no QDs. Quantum proficiency and light I-V estimations show an expansion in hamper thickness and debasement of the open circuit voltage for QD sun powered cells. The QDs don't work on …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Overview of Innovative Battery Management System
Abstract: In battery-powered technologies, also including (hybrid) electric vehicles and portable electronics, the battery management system (BMS) arises as a crucial network element. Many battery-operated industrial and commercial equipment use battery management systems (BMSs) to increase battery efficiency and enable non-destructive estimate of battery state. However, present BMSs are unable to control batteries adequately, which has an impact on the usability of products, due to the inaccurate parameter assessment of old …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 12–19 Read article
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Trend Assessment in Upper Betwa Basin of Central India
Abstract: The temporal and spatial variability of rainfall is a critical element of semi-arid atmospheres due to its severe impact water availability, livelihood and environment. The present investigation of rainfall is to examine precipitation over a long-period of time for wide region, identifying potential trends and evaluating their significance. The Betwa basin is aftermost environmental change related occasions and its possible effect on biological community, vocation, horticulture, domesticated animals and biodiversity. …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 36–46 Read article
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Water and Social Responsibilities
Abstract: Water is unanimously acknowledged as a symbol of life as it is the most vital for maintaining an environment and ecosystem contributing to support all forms of life. It plays an important role in fulfilling basic human need for life and health but also in socio-economic development. 18% of the world’s population lack access to safe drinking water. By 2025, it is estimated that two thirds of the world’s population …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 6–7 Read article
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Hydraulics of Flow Through and Over Fayoum Weir with Rectangular Bottom Openings
Abstract: Fayoum standard weirs have been modified by adding number of bottom openings to convey much water to downstream direction. This study aims to investigate the effects of using different configurations of Fayoum weirs with rectangular bottom openings on flow characteristics under different dimensions and number of openings. 46 weir configurations with height of 25 cm were used in this study, divided into four groups A, B, C and D. Each …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 17–25 Read article
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Rainfall Runoff Modeling Using SCS-CN Method: A GIS Based Case Study of Pawana Watershed
Abstract: In a country over 125 million, we are proudly an agricultural based economy, wherein 51% of population is indulged in any business related to somehow with agriculture. Of course, we still are in a developing stage as far as methodologies or their implementation is concerned. But surely somewhere we have started focusing on modern techniques and strategies to improve pattern, productivity, profit and all. The two vital natural resources required …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 50–58 Read article
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CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF NATURE BASED SOLUTION FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF GROUNDWATER IN NIGERIA
Abstract: Nature-based solutions (NBS) are stimulated and supported by nature, usage and natural processes to contribute to the improved management of water. In this study, a critical review of the groundwater resources history and management in the South western state of Nigeria was done. The aim was to identify reasons why groundwater is increasingly being exploited in recent times, and to explore ways through which the exploitation could be done sustainably …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 1–8 Read article