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720 articles for “Define”
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Dominant Factor of Obesity in Indonesia Population Aged 36–65 Years (Data Analysis IFLS 2014)
Abstract: Obesity has been defined as a global epidemic and triples the risk of death. The prevalence of obesity throughout the world continues to increase almost threefold. Something similar happened in Indonesia, based on Riskesdas data, the prevalence of obesity had reached 21.8% (2018). This prevalence tends to increase after the age of 36 years and above and then decreases after the age of 60 years and over. The main objective …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Health Professions · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 23–28 Read article
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The role of health finance in the personal finance of the communities to reduce financial stress during healthcare
Abstract: Personal finance play significant role to fulfill the present and future need and expectation of the individual. The individual fulfills their need based on the earning from the livelihood of the individual. But the saving and investment of finance need to fulfill their present and future expectation. Individual savings mainly considered as income minus expenses. The investment means invest the saving money to fulfill the future need of individual therefore …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Health Professions · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 41–50 Read article
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Prevalence of Hypermobility in College Going Student
Abstract: Background: Joint hypermobility is defined as the wide range of movements beyond limit. Prevalence of hypermobility is seen more in children but less of data is available regarding the prevalence rate in college students. Since lot of musculoskeletal issues exist in young population, there is a need to find out the prevalence of hypermobility among college going students. Methodology: In this cross sectional study, 100 college going students were taken …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Health Professions · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 38–45 Read article
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Next Generation Immunoassays for Infectious Diseases of Animals
Abstract: Veterinary diagnostics has an essential role to play in the management and control of infectious diseases. Immunodiagnostics originated towards the end of 19th century with the advent of agglutination- and precipitation-based serological techniques. Progress in immunodiagnostics during the 20th century is marked by development of complement fixation test, and later, fluoro-, radio- and enzyme-immunoassays during 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, respectively. Various immunodiagnostic test formats were improved for their performance characteristics …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 22–43 Read article
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Summer Outbreak of Influenza A (H1N1) at Tertiary Care Centre in Central India
Abstract: Background: Influenza is a highly contagious, acute, and febrile respiratory illness that occurs in epidemics and occasionally in pandemics. Post-pandemic resurgence with bi-modal peaks, a major peak in the rainy season, and a minor peak in the winter-spring season have been reported in India. However, a sudden increase in the number of cases of Influenza-like illness (ILI) was observed at our centre during the summer season. The study was conducted …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 24–31 Read article
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Prevalence of Isospora belli and Cryptosporidium parvum Infections among HIV Sero-positive Patients in Asella Hospital, Central Ethiopia
Abstract: Isospora belli and Cryptosporidium parvum are among the well-defined intracellular, spore-forming, coccidian opportunistic intestinal parasites that cause chronic or acute diarrhea and other life-threatening symptoms in HIV/AIDS patients particularly those with low CD4 count. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of I. belli and C. parvum among HIV/AIDS sero-positive patients. A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted at Asella Hospital from January to March, 2013. …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 17–23 Read article
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Necessity of Multiple Strategies to Combat and Eliminate Rabies
Abstract: Rabies is a vaccine-preventable viral disease and is the deadliest of all human diseases. There is no cure or treatment for disease, but disease is preventable by post-exposure immunization. Rabies is a zoonotic disease and a number of animals are reservoirs. Dogs have historically been associated with rabies transmission to humans, but cats, bats also transmit rabies to humans. Globally, around 55,000 people die of rabies every year. Global estimate …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 17–20 Read article
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Role of Private Health Sector in Provision of Quality Health Service in Developing Countries: Does the Private Health Sector Contribute to Achieve Health-Related MDGs? A Systematic Review
Abstract: The private health sector may be defined as comprising all healthcare providers who exist outside the public sector, whether their aim is philanthropic or commercial, and whose aim is to treat illness or prevent diseases. The existing potential in the private health sector should be exploited well. Governments in low income countries can apply various strategies to work together with the private sector, such as giving training, applying regulatory and …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 7–13 Read article
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Progress from the Traditional Vaccines to Novel Rational Vaccine Designs
Abstract: Vaccines are among the most valuable assets for saving human and animal lives. The vaccines discovered and designed on the Pasteurian principles laid the foundations of the traditional vaccine regime during the late-19th century. Some traditional vaccine designs proved remarkably successful, while others had safety or efficacy problems, and still others failed- particularly those against diseases caused by non-cultivable, hyper-variable or opportunist pathogens, or those requiring cellular immunity. The problems …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 17–31 Read article
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Canine Ehrlichiosis and Its Diagnostic Techniques: Review
Abstract: Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis, caused by Ehrlichia canis is one of the important immuno-suppressive infectious vector-borne diseases of dogs. Importantly, canine ehrlichiosis can be caused by different Ehrlichia species, which are intracellular rickettsial organisms belonging to the order Rickettsiales and included in the family Rickettsiaceae. Ehrlichias are the obligate intracellular organisms that affects the host immunologic response. It is typically a disease of leukocyte and platelet manifested by an acute reduction …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Patch Testing
Abstract: Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory disorder (erythema, edema and vesiculation) caused by repeated contact with an exogenous or noxious agent progressed to skin sensitivity or directly damage the skin. The prevalence of work-related Allergic Contact Dermatitis e.g., hair dressing, construction work, cleaning and health care biomedical devices etc. accounts for 20% in the general population. Patch test are standard method for diagnosing chronic dermatitis or Allergic Contact Dermatitis (ACD). Additional …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 33–41 Read article
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Study on Healthcare Workers in a Tertiary Institute of Uttarakhand on Possible Adverse Effects after COVID-19 Vaccination
Abstract: The occurrence of a devastating pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS- CoV-2) infection, which emerged in the year 2019 in Wuhan, China, has come out as a primary concern all over the world. Many measures were adopted to prevent its spread, but the role of vaccines is inevitable. Understanding the importance of vaccines in the current situation, Government of India launched the COVID-19 vaccine drive on Jan 16, …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 20–31 Read article
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A Research Study and Report on Clinical Pharmacy Services Provided by Doctor of Pharmacy during their Clerkship and Internship Postings to a Tertiary care teaching Hospital.
Abstract: Clinical pharmacy is defined as the area of pharmacy concerned with the science and practice of rational medication use. Aim: The study aims at implementing clinical pharmacy services by Doctor of Pharmacy during clerkship and internship postings to patients at different wards of Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences. Objective: Prescription study and analysis and preventing the medication related problems adverse drug reactions drug interactions, over dose), performing drug utilization …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 27–32 Read article
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Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome Secondary to Management of Dimorphic Anemia by Repeated Blood Transfusions: A Case Report
Abstract: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, popularly known asPRES, is defined as a clinicoradiological syndrome which is characterized by symptoms such as headache, seizures, and altered consciousness and characterized by white matter vasogenic edema affecting the posterior occipital and parietal lobes of the brain .We report a 39-year-old woman who was treated by iron and blood transfusion for dimorphic anemia with a hemoglobin (Hb) level of 2 g/dl. Patient developed three episodes …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 6–8 Read article
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ASSESSMENT ON THE KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF SUBSTANCE USE AMONG PREPARATORY STUDENTS OF MEKELLE.
Abstract: Background: Substance abuse has been defined by Asuni et al. as 'excessive or inappropriate use of psycho-active substance by a person; such use being considered or judged to be illegal/immoral by the culture and resulting in harm to the person or society'. Globally, the UNODC estimates that between 155 and 250 million people, or 3.5% to 5.7% of the population aged 15–64 years, had used illicit substances at least once …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 6–26 Read article
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Emergency Contraception: Current Status in India
Abstract: Worldwide, the incidence of unsafe abortion has increased in spite of gradual increase in use of contraceptives. About one-third of pregnancies are unplanned and 20% pregnancies end in abortion. Lack of knowledge on emergency contraceptives is one of the reasons behind unplanned pregnancies in many developing countries. As per NFHS-3, the overall knowledge about EC is meagre 12% among currently married women with several states having lower than 5%. Levonorgestrel …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 12–15 Read article
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Papillary Thyroidcarcinoma in Rats After Administration of Platinum Compounds Daily
Abstract: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) predominantly grows in a solid growth pattern with papillary projections, composed of oncocytic cells with “Orphan annie eyes” nuclei. Cisplatin or Cis-Diammine dichloroplatinum (ii) (Cl2H6N2Pt); is a divalent, inorganic and water-soluble first successful platinum containing anticancer drug, used to treat various forms of cancers. The Carboplatin (C6H14N2O4Pt) and Oxaliplatin (C8H14N2O4Pt) are the investigational chemotherapy medicines, belonging to platinum analogue interfere as the Cisplatin with the genetic …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 27–31 Read article
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and the Role of Prokinetics Along with PPIS
Abstract: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is often confused with functional dyspepsia as dyspepsia symptom commonly coexist with heartburn and some patients with functional dyspepsia respond to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. Up to 25–50% of patients with functional dyspepsia defined according to Rome III criteria can have abnormal esophageal acid exposure. Functional dyspepsia presents of one or more of the following symptoms: Postprandial fullness, early satiation, epigastric pain or burning, and …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 12–14 Read article
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Study of Variation in Platelet Count and WBC Count in Smear of Serology Positive Malaria Patients
Abstract: Malaria constitutes one of the maximum percentages of mortal diseases on earth. It is normally definite by abnormalities in many haematological indices with anaemia and thrombocytopenia being almost regular. Malaria is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is estimated that there are about 300–500 million new cases every year, with 1.5–2.7 million deaths worldwide. The study was conducted in population of Anand city, and district …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 15–17 Read article
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Dyslipidaemia and its Association with Fasting versus Non Fasting Lipid Profile Values
Abstract: Lipid profile is a panel of blood tests used as a screening tool for dyslipidaemia. Dyslipidaemia is defined as disturbances of cholesterol and triglyceride levels and recognized as risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. It includes total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins (LDL), high density lipoproteins (HDL), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and triglycerides. This study assesses the prevalence of dyslipidaemia among apparently healthy individuals in physically fit defence service personnel and …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Medicine · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 26–31 Read article