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739 articles for “STEP”
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Fatigue Test on Cost Effective Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite Prepared from Discarded Toner Powder and Coconut shell Ash Particles
Abstract: AbstractAs there is an increasing demand for low cost reinforced composite materials in various industrial applications, in this work Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite was prepared by reinforcing cost effective reinforcements like discarded tonner powder particles and coconut shell ash. Aluminium 2024 was taken as the base matrix for preparing the composite as it is widely used in automobile industry. The samples taken for the investigation were prepared by two step …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 15–20 Read article
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Atomizers in spray dryers: a review
Abstract: Atomization is the most important step in spray drying that defines the properties of liquid droplets after spraying, resulting in various forms of the dry product - from fine powders to granules. It basically refers to the disintegration of the liquid into droplets in the presence of a drying gas circulating in the medium, increasing its surface area until the droplet becomes unstable and disintegrates. The choice of the atomizer's …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 1–15 Read article
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Acetoxylation of o, m Cresol by Electrochemical Process at Graphite Electrode
Abstract: Electrochemical processes remain unique because of the nature of specific products formed and their mode of formation in which current is a reactive input in place of redox reagents. The high yields of the products can be obtained by designing and optimizing the electrolysis. The ordinary chemical procedures are multi-staged and may result poor yields. Therefore the best way for minimizing the pollution is transformation of conventional chemical processes to …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 13–21 Read article
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Optimization Study by Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network on the Culture Parameters of Citric Acid Bioproduction from Sweet Potato Peels
Abstract: In the cause of this research work, two steps enzymatic hydrolysis of sweet potato peel was carried out respectively. The effect of α-amylase dose, reaction time, and reaction temperature and biomass weight on glucose concentration was investigated carefully. The response surface methodology (REM) predicted the highest reducing sugar concentration at liquefaction to be 74 g/L, at the following optimized conditions; temperature of 45°C, α-amylase dose 0.7 %v/v, biomass weight 22.345 …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 30–38 Read article
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Practical Implementation of Routing Protocol in MANETs
Abstract: AbstractPlethora of work has been done in the past to find out the solution of problems and major difficulties faced by the mobile adhoc networks. Currently , the mobile adhoc networks faces the problem of routing mechanisms [1] , power consumptions, rapid topology changes due to mobile nature of the MANETS node. This paper describes about the various steps of configurations that are needed to implement the route agreement protocol …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 5, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 25–31 Read article
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Optimization of Transmission System by adopting 765/800KV Ultra High Voltage Network and its Technical Configurations
Abstract: In the era of persistent capacity shortages, ever increasing demand scenario, increased market operation and formation of National grid, new challenges have arisen in operation and control of large integrated and interconnected power system in India. The paper chronologies development of interconnected system in India from the state of independent utilities of 1950s to the well developed present interconnected National Grid. High voltage has been attractive proposition for large power …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 31–42 Read article
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Unveiling Cloud Computing’s Security Challenges.
Abstract: As organizations increasingly embrace cloud computing, concerns surrounding security threats in the environment have become more prevalent. This white paper alms to address these concerns by offering a comprehensive analysis of the various security threats that can affect cloud computing. Our research delves into the intricacies of virtualized infrastructure, examining potential issues and vulnerabilities that arise in this context. We investigate the challenges associated with securing the software platform, including …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 37–44 Read article
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Logic Optimization Algorithm based on Shannon’s Expansion: Reduction in Area, Power and Delay for Pass Gate Implementation
Abstract: The reduction in hardware requirement for any application does not only guarantee the reduction of chip area but also significantly reduces the corresponding power consumption and delays. Hence, any heuristic used to reduce the hardware requirement for given logic is always well justified. In this paper, the number of pass gates required to implement the given Boolean Logic is reduced by sizeable amount with use of the proposed algorithm for …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2013 · pp. 24–34 Read article
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A Simple, Compact, and Power-Efficient Current-Mode Decimal Adder Circuit
Abstract: A size and power efficient current-mode decimal adder is proposed in this paper. The proposed adder does not use binary coded decimal (BCD) number system for processing the decimal data like other decimal adders. Instead, it processes the decimal data as the actual decimal inputs. The proposed adder can be used as a decimal half adder as well as a decimal full adder. The adder is based on simple decimal …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 18–23 Read article
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A Novel Current-Mode Quaternary Multiplier with Indian Vedic Architecture
Abstract: A multiplier is a fundamental block of any digital signal processing system. Urdhva Tiryakbhyam sutra, from ancient Indian Vedic mathematics, offers regular and hierarchical multiplier architecture. Alternatively, current-mode multi-valued logic results in reduced circuitry and effective utilization of interconnections. In this paper, a new 4×4 current-mode quaternary Vedic multiplier design is proposed. The multiplier has been simulated using 0.18 µm technology with a power supply of 1 V and a …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2014 · pp. 37–46 Read article
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Automatic Switch cum Fuse IC for Low Voltage, Low Power, High Performance Current Conveyors
Abstract: The paper focuses on the analysis of switch cum fuse IC in signal processing. In signal processing it is proposedto prevent the damage of main IC from the external electrical fluctuations which are common in -these days. Theproposed FUSE IC is also able to act as fuse for many times for main IC so that it can prevent the damage. It’slike the work of MCB but a step ahead that …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 1, Issue 1-2-3, 2011 · pp. 21–25 Read article
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Low Power RF QPSK MODEM Design
Abstract: System-level simulation including design of CMOS circuits for radio frequency QPSK MODEM targeting applications in 2.45 GHz industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band has been presented in this paper. Based on the QPSK architecture, the MODEM consists of an analog mixer using a voltage multiplier, a 90 °phase shifter, delay circuits, a voltage adder and a filter to detect the information. A code reuse subsystem block consisting of Chebyshev filter …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 2, Issue 1-2-3, 2012 · pp. 75–86 Read article
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Layout Design, Fabrication and Characterization of n-Channel MOSFET
Abstract: Primary force behind evolution of semiconductor industry is MOSFET, after its first IC based experimental demonstration in 1960s. It is fundamental working unit of most of the electronic circuits like cells in living being. Number of devices on a single chip has been increased with rapid phase with evolution of new technology of materials. Today there are more than 4 billion transistors are there on a single chip with effective …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 13–18 Read article
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A Novel Approach Based On-Chip High Speed Optical Interconnection Network
Abstract: On-chip optical interconnects (OIs) have the potential to outperform electrical wires and to ultimately solve the communication problem and obtain high-performance integrated circuits. On-chip interconnects are an important performance limiting factor in present day VLSI design. Performance optimization has always been a critical step in the designing of integrated circuits. In this paper, an optical interconnect in 1550 nm range is being implemented using opti-system software. A novel approach is …
Published in Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 41–48 Read article
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Is the propensity of increasing the rice production a sustainable approach? Experiences from India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh
Abstract: Half of the world’s population consumes rice as their staple food, making it one of the most demanding crops in the world. South Asia covers 37.5% of global rice harvested area and contributes 32% of global rice production. Due to high population growth rate, the demand for rice in South Asia will continue to increase. At present, around 276 million people in South Asia are undernourished. India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 12–28 Read article
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Modernization in Urban Water Distribution System: A Review
Abstract: The physical infrastructure always plays an important role in the urban area. In the water distribution system, usually the water supplied from the various reservoirs to the consumers. The outline of the pipeline will track the road network of the concerned area. Due to rapid urbanization, in an urban area, the demand of water is increasing day by day. Due to this, the pressure on the existing network is growing. …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 45–50 Read article
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Impacts of Climate Change on the Livelihoods of The People in Tanguar Haor, Bangladesh
Abstract: Bangladesh is widely recognized as one of the most vulnerable countries in the world due to climate change. Previous studies reveal that Surma-Kushiyara rivers system known as Haor basin is projected to be under additional stress due to changes in temperature and rainfall pattern. Tanguar Haor, which is located in the north-eastern region of Bangladesh, is characterized by large round shaped floodplain depressions and marshy lands. This paper attempts to …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Assessing the Suitability of Piped Water Supply for Tanker-fed Villages By Using WaterGems
Abstract: The Drinking water security has become a challenge for the country, specially in rural areas. So it is necessary to use available sustainable resources to resolve the problem. Many parts of Maharashtra face severe drinking water shortage in spite of high rainfall lying typically in the range of 2000-3000 mm. Aurangabad district alone has more than 100 tanker-fed villages, majority of which are concentrated in Paithan taluka. This study covered …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 41–48 Read article
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Rainwater Harvesting as an Alternative Water Supply in the Future of Bansal Institute of Engineering and Technology
Abstract: Water scarcity is a major problem in many developing areas like Lucknow. Deрending оn рreсiрitаtiоn intensity rаinwаter соnstitutes а роtentiаl sоurсe оf drinking wаter. In 2018 the аnnuаl rаinfаll meаsured in Indiа wаs 1020 millimeters аnd in 2017 it wаs аrоund 1127 millimeters. Which shows a rapidly decreased of rainwater fall. To avoid water crisis in the future we proposed an outcome solution for it. To established a rooftop rainwater …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 18–24 Read article
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Research on Numerical Simulation of Fluids Based on BIM Boundary Conditions in the Lower Fazi River in Taichung
Abstract: Building Information Model (BIM) application in Taiwan, After sorting out the literature, it is found that the water conservancy field is less used, Computer processing technology is becoming more and more mature, Engineering fluid simulation software has various parameter control and high precision, Simulation channel analysis can be controlled by establishing the edge model to control the water conservancy factor, In this study, BIM was introduced into the river section …
Published in Journal of Water Resource Engineering and Management · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2021 · pp. 1–18 Read article