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85 articles for “Unani literature”
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Nutu-e-Rahm (Uterine Prolapse) and its Management in Modern and Unani System of Medicine: a Review
Abstract: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is one of the common clinical conditions met in day-to-day gynaecological practice, especially among the parous women. Uterine prolapse is a condition in which the uterus descends down the vaginal canal towards the vaginal introitus. It is a major health concern affecting millions of women worldwide. It is a silent disorder with a huge impact on women’s quality of life and is a frequent indication for …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 15–20 Read article
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Unani Herbal Management of Sayalan-al-Rahim (Vaginal Discharge)—A Literary Revie
Abstract: Sayalan-al-Rahim (Vaginal Discharge) is one of the most common manifestations among all gynecological disorders and is an important psychosomatic disorder affecting the psychology of women irrespective of socioeconomical status and occupation. It creates irritation in women’s freedom and decreases quality of life (QoL). The discharge may be thick or thin in consistency and whitish or yellowish in colour. Prevalence of vaginal discharge in India is about 30%. The symptoms include …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 5–12 Read article
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome- Reviewed Through the Lens of Unani System of Medicine
Abstract: AbstractIrritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is recognized as the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder in the present medical scenario, affecting 11% of the population globally. It is characterized by diarrhea or constipation and sometimes both alternately. The pathophysiology of the disease is not much understood but it has been linked to colonic motility dysfunction inflammatory changes of the intestines, change in normal microflora of the gut and disturbance of enteric nervous …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2020 Read article
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Unani Concepts of Brain Pathology: Humoral Mechanisms in Māddī Neurological Disorders
Abstract: Background: The Unani System of Medicine (USM) considers the brain (Dimāgh) as the principal organ of Quwā Nafsāniyya (psychic faculties), responsible for sensation, cognition, memory, movement, and emotional regulation. According to Unani principles, health is maintained through equilibrium of Mizāj (temperament) and Akhlāṭ (humours), whereas disease develops when this balance is disturbed. Among neurological disorders, Sū’-i-Mizāj Māddī Dimāgh refers to pathological conditions of the brain associated with the accumulation of …
Published in Journal of AYUSH: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 21–29 Read article
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Role of Hijama (Cupping) in the Management of Various Diseases and Probable Mechanism of Action
Abstract: Hijama is derived from Arabic word ‘Hajm’ which literally means to suck. It involves the use of cup like vessels placed on the body surface by creating a vacuum to either let out blood from below the skin surface or just plain suction without bloodletting. Hijama evacuates blood from small vessels spread over the skin and muscles and relieves congestion from the body. It is a therapy with low cost …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 19–23 Read article
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Role of Impaired Digestion in Disease Pathogenesis: According to Unani System of Medicine
Abstract: The relationship between digestion and disease occupies a central position in Greco-Arab (Unani) medicine, as emphasized by classical physicians such as Ibn Sina and Al-Razi. In Unani medicine, digestion (Haḍm) is not confined to the gastrointestinal tract alone but represents a comprehensive physiological and metabolic process involving four sequential stages: gastric digestion (Haḍm-e-Mi‘dī), hepatic digestion (Haḍm-e-Kabidī), vascular digestion (Haḍm-e-‘Urūqī), and tissue digestion (Haḍm-e-‘Uḍwī). These stages are governed by Quwwat-e-Hāḍima (digestive …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Comparative Study of Reaction Time in the Individuals of Bilious and Phlegmatic Temperament
Abstract: Background and Objective: Temperament (mizaj) is a wide term in itself which encompasses all distinctive traits of an individual. Accordingly, every individual having a distinctive temperament should also possess distinctive characters as well. The objective of this study is to compare the reaction time of bilious (safrawi) and phlegmatic (balghami) temperament individuals. Methodology: This study was carried out in the Advance Instrumentation Lab, Department of Kulliyat, Ajmal Khan Tibbiya College, …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 7–14 Read article
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Aromatherapy: The Practice of Aroma’s in Unani Medicine
Abstract: Aromatherapy is a modern term for a healing art that is ages old. It is one of the regimens of Ilaj-Bil-Tadbir (Regimental Therapy) employed for the maintenance and restoration of health under Unani system of medicine. Though the term aromatherapy is new but the basic concept has been taken from Unani medicine, as evident from the review of classical Unani text. The history of aromatherapy dates back to the period …
Published in Journal of AYUSH: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 20–26 Read article
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Prevalence & Risk Factors in a Sample Population of Joint Disorders—An Observational Study
Abstract: Ageing is a natural, irreversible and inevitable biological phenomenon. It is a process of gradual, progressive and generalized impairment of functions resulting in the loss of adaptive response to stress. According to the Unani concept, arthritis is a type of pain which occurs in joints of any part. In the classical Unani literature, the illness of joint pain is mentioned under the caption of “Wajaul Mafasil” which includes all types …
Published in Research and Reviews : A Journal of Ayurvedic Science, Yoga and Naturopathy · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 12–14 Read article
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A Conceptual Review of Qillate Ifraze Darqia (Hypothyroidism) and Its Correlation with Sue Mizaj Barid
Abstract: Qillate Ifraze Darqia (Hypothyroidism) is the most common disease of thyroid gland. Iodine deficiency continues to be a major contributor to hypothyroidism worldwide. The condition is the most common, impacting up to 40/10 000 women and 6/10 000 men annually. In traditional Unani literature, Qillate Ifraze Darqia is not explicitly described. However, ancient Greco– Arab scholars have given ample description of Sue Mizaj Barid and mentioned its Asbab, Alamaat wa …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 23–28 Read article
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Role of Impaired Digestion in Disease Pathogenesis: According to Unani System of Medicine
Abstract: The relationship between digestion and disease occupies a central position in Greco-Arab (Unani) medicine, as emphasized by classical physicians such as Ibn Sina and Al-Razi. In Unani medicine, digestion (Haḍm) is not confined to the gastrointestinal tract alone but represents a comprehensive physiological and metabolic process involving four sequential stages: gastric digestion (Haḍm-e-Mi‘dī), hepatic digestion (Haḍm-e-Kabidī), vascular digestion (Haḍm-e-‘Urūqī), and tissue digestion (Haḍm-e-‘Uḍwī). These stages are governed by Quwwat-e-Hāḍima (digestive …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 30–36 Read article
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A Comprehensive Review of Therapeutic and Pharmacological Potential of Karafs (Apium graveolens)
Abstract: The history of the medicinal properties of plants and their use in various ailments is as old as the history of mankind. Karafs (Apium graveolens) is one of the important plants among them, belonging to the family Apiaceae/Umbelliferae. Its use in various ailments has been documented in Unani classical literature in detail. Every part of Karafs possesses wonderful medicinal properties. A series of studies conducted to evaluate its medicinal uses …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Dieto-Therapy (Ilaj-bil-ghiza) in Unani System of Medicine: From Concept to Practice in the Management of Non-communicable Diseases
Abstract: Unani physicians paid a great attention towards ilaj-bil-ghiza (dieto-therapy). They used to treat a number of ailments by alteration in quantity and/or quality of Ghiza. Their knowledge about its nutritive as well as its pharmacological activity was vast as evident from the Unani classical literature. The classification of Unani drugs is based on medicinal and nutritive values. The former is known as dawa and later is ghiza. Further, a combination …
Published in Journal of AYUSH: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 54–59 Read article
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Sailan-ur-Rahem (Abnormal Vaginal Discharge) in Greco-Arabic Medicine: A Review
Abstract: Greco-Arab medicine also known as Unani System of Medicine (USM) is well known based on the Hippocratic humoral theory. According to USM, every person is supposed to have a unique humoral constitution which represents his healthy state and any change in this state causes illness of the said person. The severity of the disease depends directly upon the change in equilibrium from mizaj (Temperament). In Greco-Arab medicine, Sailan-ur-Rahem is a …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Acne Vulgaris in Unani (Greco Arabic) and Modern Perspectives: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Clinical Management
Abstract: AbstractAcne is a worldwide distressing dermatological disorder affecting millions of adolescents every day without any racial predilection. It is prevalent in 90% of adolescents. The objectives of this review are to summarize the concept of acne and its management in conventional and Unani system of medicine and to place it in the perspective with current clinical practice. This review article is based upon the literature in Unani (Greco-Arabic) texts regarding …
Published in Journal of AYUSH: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2013 · pp. 11–19 Read article
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Clinical Validation of Unani Pharmacopoeial Formulation Majoon Suparipak in Sayalān Al-Rahim (Leucorrhoea)
Abstract: Leucorrhoea is a broad term commonly used for a condition where woman suffer from uterine, cervical or vaginal discharge other than blood due to genital tract infection or alteration in genital physiology and is highly prevalent (31–70%). In Unani medical literature it is described as Sayalān al-Rahim. According to Avicenna, uterus contains excessive waste products and hence prone to infection which leads to weakening of digestive faculty of uterine vessels …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 28–35 Read article
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A Clinical Study on Itrifal Shahatra and Sharbat Unnab to Evaluate the Mechanisms of Action and Unani Principles in Buthūr (Acne)
Abstract: The current study assesses the possible mechanisms of action of Itrifal shahatra and sharbat unnab in Buthūr (Acne) with the support of Unani principles and evidence of the trial. The skin eruptions like macules, papules and pastules are described in the Unani classical literature as Buthūr. The main cause of Buthūr is khilt e Raddi (Morbid Humour) due to derangement of Akhlat (body humor). Musaffi-e-khoon (Blood purifier), Muhallil-e-auram (anti-inflammatory), Dāfi‘-i-Ta‘affun …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2022 · pp. 9–16 Read article
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Khurfa (Portulaca oleracea Linn.) in Unani System of Medicine and Phytopharmacological Studies: A Review
Abstract: Khurfa (Portulaca oleracea Linn.) also known as common purslane or pusley is an annual herb belongs to the family Portulacaceae. It is commonly found as a weed in cultivated fields throughout India and common in all the warm countries. It is used from centauries by the ancient Unani physicians in urinary disorders, epigastric burning, gastritis, fever and pain in bladder; sozish-e-baul (burning micturition), inflammation of kidneys and bladder, toothaches haemoptysis, …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 11–18 Read article
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A Traditional Indian Unani Dynamic Drug Amla (Emblica Officinalis) And Its Unani Pharmacological Activities In The Light of Recent Experimental Studies: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: Since ancient times, plants have been essential to human development, serving as a primary source of natural remedies. The challenges associated with producing synthetic medications, along with their potential side effects and high costs, have driven researchers around the world to focus on the study of medicinal plants. In recent years, numerous publications have highlighted the role of plant-derived bioactive compounds in treating a wide range of human ailments, underscoring …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 21–29 Read article
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Unani Concept of Iron Deficiency Anaemia: A Review
Abstract: Anaemia is a global public health problem most often associated with iron deficiency—the most widespread nutrient deficiency in the world. It affects variable proportions of the population in both developing and developed countries, with three to four times higher prevalence in the developing world. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria mild anaemia ranges from 11–11.9 g, moderate anaemia from 8–10.9 g and severe anaemia is less than 8 …
Published in Research & Reviews : A Journal of Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 7–14 Read article