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871 articles for “Calculations”
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Comparison of Flow Process Values for Different PID Controller Techniques
Abstract: The main objective of this paper is to find the best and suitable controller that can be applied for a flow process in a real system. The flow process is done in a cylindrical tank of cascade system. The search of PID controller is done by the steps of acquiring transfer function from the real time open loop response and invoking it to the various tuning techniques of PID controller …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 9–13 Read article
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Real Time Implementation of Cascade Process using NI ELVIS in LabVIEW
Abstract: The main objective of this work is to enforce PID controller in a real time process, and to find out the best robust control settings for cascade process. In this work, process variable level is controlled in a cascade mode. Level and flow are considered as primary and secondary variable, respectively. Process models of flow and level are identified as First order plus dead time models. Validated model is used …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 37–43 Read article
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Automation of Heat Exchanger System using DCS
Abstract: Heat exchangers are built for efficient transferring heat from one fluid to another. They have an extensive demand in areas such as petroleum, refineries, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, natural gas processing, refrigeration, power plants, air conditioning, space heating and process industry. Automation of Heat exchange can be done optimally using PID Block. Using PID function block the outlet fluid temperature can be maintained as desired. The automation of Shell and …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2014 · pp. 22–28 Read article
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Application and Performance Assessment of Improved Relay Tuning Method
Abstract: The first order plus time delay (FOPTD) model was considered and the proposed improved relay tuning (PIRT) method was applied to calculate the corrected ultimate gain (Ku) and the optimum PID settings. The closed loop response was obtained using optimum values of PID parameters and compared with that of conventional relay method, Ziegler–Nichols (ZN) method and Cohen–Coon (CC) method. The integral square error as a performance index was used and …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 3, Issue 1-3, 2012 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Trend analysis of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index using Landsat Satellite data: Study from in and Gondar town, North West Ethiopia
Abstract: Abstract This current research study presents the change detection method for the study of Satellite image supported on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). NDVI utilizes the Multi-Spectral remote sensing data method to determine Vegetation Index, land cover classification, vegetation, water bodies, bush land, agricultural area, thick forest and thin forest with few bands grouping of the remote sensed data. Land resources are easily understood by calculating their Normalized Difference Vegetation …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 25–33 Read article
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Design of Decentralised PI Controller Based on Characteristic Ratio Assignment Method for a Waste Water Treatment Plant
Abstract: This work proposes a decentralised PI controller design for a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) based on the Characteristic Ratio Assignment (CRA) method. To minimise interactions, a decoupler is created, and for every decoupled subsystem, the First Order Plus Dead Time (FOPDT) model is derived. Using the CRA technique, the independent controllers for each lower order FOPDT decoupling subsystem are calculated. This paper presents the design of a decentralized proportional–integral (PI) …
Published in Journal of Control & Instrumentation · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 13–23 Read article
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EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF WELDING PROCESS PARAMETERS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES FOR TIG WELDED AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STELL 304 JOINTS
Abstract: Minimally invasive surgeries are the most elusive, yet highly demanded subset of surgeries which requires precise knowledge of the pertinent patient. Compared to conventional surgeries, minimally invasive surgeries are characterized by less pain, low risk of infection, lesser scarring, etc. In the status quo, doctors use intuition through experience to determine the parameters for surgery such as the force required to cut, size of cut, depth of cut, etc. With …
Published in Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 6–9 Read article
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Isogeometric Topology Optimization of Continuum Structures using Evolutionary Algorithms
Abstract: Isogeometric analysis is a popular method for the analysis of problems involving complex geometry and governed by differential equations. Meta-heuristics are widely used to determine the optimum distribution of material within the given design domain. The focus of this study is to perform isogeometric topology optimization of continuum structures using meta-heuristics nature inspired firefly algorithm. NURBS basis functions are used to construct the geometric model and to calculate the displacements …
Published in Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics · Vol. 8, Issue 3, 2017 · pp. 8–18 Read article
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Numerical Modeling of Elastoviscoplastic Material Model in Strain Space
Abstract: Conventional material non-linear analysis works with stress-space plasticity. It uses yield function, loading-unloading criteria, and flow rule in terms of stress parameters. It shows ambiguity in loading-unloading criteria for softening materials. During such situations, an alternative strain-space formulation becomes quite useful to carry out analysis of such materials. The viscoplastic response of materials requires the time integration of system of non-linear first order differential equations. In viscoplasiticy, the constitutive equation …
Published in Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 9–14 Read article
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LIFE ESTIMATION OF A PRE-CRACKED CRICKET BAT
Abstract: Cricket is a fascinating game that is played in many countries professionally. The cricket bat is equipment which is used to strike the ball. The ball is made up of leather whereas the bat is made of willow wood. The performance and the life of a bat are hampered in presence of a crack as the crack propagates leading to failure. In this paper, a Kashmir willow bat with a …
Published in Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 48–55 Read article
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Non-Homogeneous Effect on Vibration of Visco-Elastic Rectangular Plate Having Parabolically Varying Thickness in Both Directions
Abstract: At present the vibration theory has become significant in every sphere of applied sciences. In the advance time, the plates of variable thickness are widely used in civil, aeronautical, mechanical, electronics and marine structures like jet engines designing, space crafts, gas turbines, nuclear power projects etc. The effect of variation of non-homogeneity on vibration of visco-elastic rectangular plate with parabolically varying thickness in both directions is presented in this paper. …
Published in Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 31–45 Read article
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Life Assessment of a Pre Cracked Cricket Bat
Abstract: Cricket is an interesting game played in many countries wherein a bat made of willow wood is used to strike a leather ball to score runs. This bat fails at a much faster rate in the presence of a crack when compared to a normal bat. In this study, an attempt is made to assess the life of a pre-cracked cricket bat. A crack is initiated in the weak spot …
Published in Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics · Vol. 10, Issue 3, 2019 · pp. 22–29 Read article
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Crack Initiation, Propagation and Stress Intensity Factor of Rectangular Plate with Circular Hole by FEA Approach
Abstract: The study of crack behavior in a plate with hole is a considerable importance in the design to avoid the failure. This situation has a look at offers with investigation of stress intensity factor, von-mises stress (ϭ von-mises) at the finite center cracked plate subjected to uniform tensile loading depends at the assumptions of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) and plane strain problem. The stress intensity factors mode I (KI) …
Published in Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 13–36 Read article
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Design and development of experimental setup for measurement of velocity by using Pitot tube
Abstract: Proposed work focuses on design & development of experimental setup for measurement of velocity of fluid by using pitot tube and calibrate using measuring tank setup. This experiment helped us to understand how the Bernoulli’s equation is applied practically. Here we are using digital manometer to measure pressure difference which can shows more accurate readings. We have used the inlet valve to regulate flow rate of water which is coming …
Published in Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 15–21 Read article
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Mohr's circle for stress in planes and Stress-Strain Relation for Elasticity Equations and Stress-Strain Analysis
Abstract: The distribution of stress and strain in thin films and substrates resulting from inhomogeneous plane stresses created in the film during deposition is calculated and reported. The findings can be used to determine the unknown stresses in a film using the "bending plate method," which measures the deformation of the substrate surface By doing this, Theoretically, the local values of the stress tensor within the film plane and the centre …
Published in Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 16–21 Read article
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Computer Aided Circuit Design for Diagnosis of Dust Impact on Solar Panels
Abstract: AbstractSolar panels have come up as a promising methodology for extracting solar energy and yielding electricity. However, there exist many barriers in its path to become an indispensable part of today's era. The decreasing panel efficiency due to several factors such as temperature, irradiance, photoactive material, dust, panel orientation, is an issue of concern. Amongst these, dust is the least acknowledged, yet the most crucial parameter responsible for deteriorating panel …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 3, 2018 · pp. 11–16 Read article
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Indicating Human Activity Intensity using Accelerometer
Abstract: In this paper, we propose to develop a system that senses the human activity and indicates the intensity of action performed. Intention is to broadly classify human as inactive, underactive, overactive and hyperactive by simply turning on the LED of the system corresponding to the data received on the controller from ADXL345. The focus is on the fact that energy expenditure is related to the sum of integral of values …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2013 · pp. 18–23 Read article
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Inspection of Objects using Computer Vision
Abstract: This study is motivated mainly by the need for more efficient and advanced techniques in an inspection of an object because accurate and timely information is needed for any industry to improve their quality and increase the production of goods. The objective of this study is to provide an inexpensive and comprehensive review of defect inspection techniques. Nowadays, new computer vision technologies and image processing technologies have been very important …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 6–16 Read article
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Scanner and Display Installation on Petrol Engine Test Rig: Review
Abstract: In this project, we are going to develop a temperature scanner with display. It is a device that measures more than one temperature points or multi-channel. It is actually a multi-channel indicator that measures and displays signals of each channel one-by-one up to last channel and then returns to first channel and continues the process cyclically. This continuous cyclic process of measurement is called scanning. By using a temperature scanner, …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 3, 2020 · pp. 28–33 Read article
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Design of Metamaterial based Microstrip Patch Antenna for Brain Tumor Detection
Abstract: To construct a microstrip patch antenna loaded with a metamaterial based patch with partial ground plane. The use of metamaterial in Microstrip Patch Antenna facilitates the enhancement of the performance of antenna and it bring down the antenna size. The structure of the microstrip is simulated at 7.3 GHz with the help of HFSS software. The parameters such as like return loss, VSWR, gain, radiation pattern are calculated. The brain …
Published in Journal of Electronic Design Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 10–21 Read article