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35 articles for “ruminant”
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Driving Determinants Influencing Mortality of Goats in the Tropics: Challenges for Sustainable Livestock Development
Abstract: Goat mortality in the tropics is driven by multifactorial determinants that pose critical challenges to sustainable livestock development. Key contributors include infectious diseases, such as peste des petits ruminants, goat pox, enterotoxemia, and haemonchosis, which remain prevalent due to limited vaccination coverage and inadequate biosecurity measures. Bacterial infections, like pneumonia and caseous lymphadenitis, along with parasitic infestations, such as coccidiosis and liver fluke, significantly reduce goat survival rates, especially in …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Dairy Science and Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 29–48 Read article
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Practical Strategies to Mitigate Acidosis in Dairy Cattle: Implications of Nutritional, Genetic, and Management Practices
Abstract: Acidosis in dairy cattle remains a critical concern, adversely affecting rumen health, milk production, and overall animal welfare. This study investigates practical strategies to mitigate acidosis through integrated nutritional, genetic, and management approaches. Nutritional strategies emphasize balancing forage-to-concentrate ratios, providing adequate fiber, and utilizing feed additives such as buffers, probiotics, and yeast cultures to stabilize rumen pH. The importance of gradual dietary transitions and monitoring total mixed ration (TMR) composition …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 27–44 Read article
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Successful Treatment of Clinical Ketosis in Dairy Cattle
Abstract: Ketosis is a post-parturient metabolic disease encountered in high yielders due to imbalance in production and feeding leading to gluconeogenesis along with formation of abnormally high levels of ketone bodies. The disorder is particularly seen within the first few weeks after calving. It arises due to a negative energy balance when energy demands for milk production exceed dietary energy intake, leading to excessive mobilization of body fat reserves and resulting …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Dairy Science and Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–4 Read article
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Microbial Competition in the Rumen: Insights into Fermentation Kinetics, Host Health, and Environmental Sustainability
Abstract: Microbial competition within the rumen is a crucial determinant of fermentation efficiency, nutrient utilization, and overall host health in ruminant animals. The complex microbial community in the rumen comprises bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and archaea, all of which interact in intricate and often competitive ways to degrade feed and produce essential metabolites. This competition significantly influences fermentation kinetics, determining the rate and efficiency of carbohydrate, protein, and fat breakdown. Such microbial …
Published in Research and Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology and Virology · Vol. 15, Issue 3, 2025 · pp. 27–42 Read article
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Temporal Shifts in Forage Quality: Stage of Maturity, Biomass Yield, Performance Matrix, and Ecosystem Responses
Abstract: Forage quality is a key determinant of livestock productivity and environmental sustainability, with its dynamics closely linked to the stage of maturity, biomass yield, and broader ecosystem interactions. This study explores the temporal shifts in forage quality throughout its growth cycle, emphasizing the effects of maturity on nutrient composition, digestibility, and overall biomass yield. The relationship between these factors and their impact on animal performance, including milk yield, growth, and …
Published in International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecule Research · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2026 Read article
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Persistent Atmospheric and Ecosystem Impacts of Enteric Methane Emissions from Intensive Livestock Production Systems
Abstract: Enteric methane emissions from intensive livestock production systems exert a significant long-lasting influence on atmospheric stability and ecosystem integrity. Recent observations confirm that global methane emissions continued to rise through the early 2020s, with total emissions exceeding 620 teragrams per year by 2024, driven by expanding ruminant production and associated feed systems. Anthropogenic sources accounted for more than 330 teragrams per year, reflecting sustained growth in agricultural and fossil fuel …
Published in International Journal of Atmosphere · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 18–38 Read article
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Nutrient-Mediated Activation of Cellular Signaling Pathways: Mechanistic Insights into Attenuation of Toxin Induced Inflammation in Food Animals
Abstract: Dietary and environmental toxins remain a persistent challenge in food animal production, where subclinical and clinical inflammation compromises health, productivity, and food safety. Toxin induced inflammation is driven by oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and dysregulated immune signaling, resulting in impaired metabolic efficiency and increased disease susceptibility. Recent advances in nutritional science have revealed that nutrients act not only as substrates for growth but also as signaling molecules capable of modulating …
Published in International Journal of Toxins and Toxics · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Nutrition Induced Gut Microbiota Modulation in Food Animals: Implications for Viral Susceptibility, Shedding and Transmission Dynamics for Sustainable Development
Abstract: The gut microbiota has emerged as a central mediator linking host nutrition, immune competence, and vulnerability to viral pathogens in food animals. Diet is a primary driver of microbial community structure and function, influencing metabolite production, intestinal barrier integrity, and systemic antiviral immunity. Accumulating evidence indicates that nutrition induced modulation of the gut microbiota can substantially alter viral susceptibility, replication, and shedding patterns, with downstream effects on transmission dynamics within …
Published in International Journal of Virus Studies · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 46–56 Read article
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Early Life Nutrition as a Determinant of Long-Term Vaccine Immunogenicity in Livestock: Mechanisms, Practical Strategies, and Species-Specific Considerations
Abstract: Early life represents a critical period for immune system development in livestock, during which nutritional exposures can exert long lasting effects on vaccine immunogenicity. Although vaccination is a cornerstone of infectious disease control in food producing animals, marked variability in vaccine induced immune responses is frequently observed under commercial conditions. Growing evidence suggests that this variability is partly driven by differences in early nutritional status, which can influence immune maturation, …
Published in International Journal of Vaccines · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 15–26 Read article
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Soil Fertility of Grasslands under Influence of Grazing
Abstract: Grazing is one of the important biotic factors that influence the formation and sustenance of grasslands. The present study was undertaken to assess the influence of grazing by different species of domestic herbivores, on the fertility of grasslands. Soil from grasslands grazed by buffaloes, crossbred cattle, and sheep, as well as control grassland restricted from grazing, were compared for different fertility parameters like soil organic carbon, phosphorus, potassium, iron, zinc, …
Published in Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits · Vol. 2, Issue 1-3, 2012 · pp. 88–93 Read article
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The study of Carbon Emissions and achieving Carbon Neutrality in Agricultural Sector
Abstract: In the world, approximately 30% carbon and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission is from the agricultural sector. Basically it can be said that the agri-food industry emits almost 1/3rd of the total carbon emission. Agriculture practices indirectly contributes towards climate change, the reason is greenhouse gas emissions and also by the conversion of non-agricultural land such as forests into agricultural land. There are various reasons that are leading to such situations …
Published in Journal of Modern Chemistry & Chemical Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 68–72 Read article
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Designing Mithun Specific Probes Towards Development of Microarray for Mithun (Bos frontalis)
Abstract: cDNA microarrays are powerful tools to analyze the expression pattern of thousands of genes simultaneously in response to treatments, during tissue differentiation or related to differences in traits. To get accurate results, the probes used in the microarray are to be specific to the species for which the array is being conducted. Non-availability of suitable microarray specific to mithun (Bos frontalis), a rare ruminant of Southeast Asia, limits its use …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Abscess on Right Thoracic Wall Due to Traumatic Reticulitis in a Buffalo
Abstract: 3 year old heifer was presented to the clinic with repeated fever, anorexia and emaciation. Examination of buffalo revealed fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, ruminal atony with bloat and hot, pain full abscess on right thoracic wall. Haematology revealed erythrocytopenia, leucocytosis with more number of band cells. Buffalo was treated with inj. strepto penicillin along with supportive therapy and external application of iodex ointment over the abscess. After completion of five days …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 24–26 Read article
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Spatial and Temporal Epidemiological Analysis of Livestock Diseases in Maharashtra State
Abstract: AbstractIn the present study, spatio-temporal analysis of livestock diseases in Maharashtra was undertaken. Time series data (2005–2016) on outbreaks, diagnosed cases, death cases, districts were collected and analyzed for epidemiological parameters likes cumulative outbreaks, diagnosed cases, death cases, spatial distribution, prevalence rate, mortality rate and case fatality rates. Cumulative outbreaks during the period was highest for Black Quarter (BQ) (203) followed by Haemorrhagic Septicemia (HS) (176), Pesti des petits ruminants …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 16–23 Read article
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Composition and Therapeutic Applications of Goat Milk and Colostrum
Abstract: Goats are categorized under the small ruminants which required less fodder and a small area for shelter. Both goat milk (GM) and colostrum (GC) are secreted from the mammary glands of goats. The level of nutritional and bioactive components found to be at an elevated level in colostrum within 72 hours, which reach a normal level as the time increases from parturition. Recently an increased interest in goat milk and …
Published in Research and Reviews : Journal of Dairy Science and Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 1–7 Read article