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Research and Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology Review Article

Immunotherapy Advancements in Cancer Treatment

  1. Divyashree Patil Dept of Quality assurance, Poojya Sane Guruji Vidya Prasarak Mandal's College of Pharmacy
  2. Divyani Patil Dept of Quality assurance, Poojya Sane Guruji Vidya Prasarak Mandal's College of Pharmacy
  3. Bhagyashri Patil Dept of Quality assurance, Poojya Sane Guruji Vidya Prasarak Mandal's College of Pharmacy
  4. Amitkumar Dhankani Dept of Quality assurance, Poojya Sane Guruji Vidya Prasarak Mandal's College of Pharmacy
  5. Mansi Dhankani Dept of Quality assurance, Poojya Sane Guruji Vidya Prasarak Mandal's College of Pharmacy
  6. Sunil Pawar Poojya Sane Guruji Vidya Prasarak Mandal's College of Pharmacy

Abstract

Immuno-oncology has been one of the more exciting developments in the field of cancer treatment since about a century ago, with William B. Coley's work in the late 19th century, which really gave the field its beginnings with "Coley's toxin." In an initial effort that proved unsuccessful, early immunotherapy approaches utilizing bacterial mixtures to induce immune responses against tumors nonetheless laid some groundwork for this field. It wasn't until over a century later that the first discoveries of immune checkpoint inhibitors like CTLA-4 and PD-1 changed things. Such therapies increase immune responses against cancer cells by circumventing mechanisms that suppress immune activity. Another approach that is just coming into maturity includes CAR-T cell therapy, monoclonal antibodies, cytokines, and therapeutic vaccines, among many others, for exploiting the body's immune system in cancer therapy. Notwithstanding these developments, challenges persist in optimizing the delivery mechanisms and overcoming tumor immunosuppression in solid tumors. Against this backdrop, this abstract reflects on the evolution, mechanisms, and current challenges of immunotherapy in cancer treatment, underscoring its potential to be transformative and requiring continuous effort to enhance its efficacy and safety.

Keywords

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