Research and Reviews : A Journal of Immunology Review Article

Alternative Medicine: A Review Article the Lupus Journey from the Diagnosis to Recovery and Beyond

  1. Mohd. Wasiullah Department of Pharmacy, Prasad Institute of Technology, Jaunpur
  2. Piyush Yadav Department of Pharmacy, Prasad Institute of Technology, Jaunpur
  3. Vishal Prajapati Department of Pharmacy, Prasad Institute of Technology, Jaunpur
  4. Pragati Yadav Department of Pharmacy, Prasad Institute of Technology, Jaunpur

Abstract

Lupus, a chronic autoimmune disease, presents a complex and often volatile journey for patients, from diagnosis to recovery and beyond. The course is usually characterized by periods of acute flare-ups, followed by remissions, with different symptoms affecting different organ systems. This review delves into managing lupus with alternative medicine, highlighting how it can work alongside conventional treatments. It covers topics like diet, herbal remedies, acupuncture, and mind-body practices, all aimed at easing symptoms, reducing inflammation, and enhancing quality of life. In addition, it highlights the challenges and controversies surrounding alternative treatments, while emphasizing the importance of patient-centered care and integrative strategies. The journey from diagnosis to cure for lupus is multifaceted, and alternative therapies offer hope for better well-being when used in conjunction with conventional medicine.

Keywords

References (25)

  1. Fava A, Petri M. Systemic lupus erythematosus: Diagnosis and clinical management. Journal of Autoimmunity. 2019;96:1-13. doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2018.11.001
  2. Justiz Vaillant AA, Goyal A, Varacallo M. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. In: Stat Pearls. Treasure Island (FL): Stat Pearls Publishing; 2022.
  3. Barrat FJ, Crow MK, Ivashkiv LB. Interferon target-gene expression and epigenomic signatures in health and disease. Nature Immunology. 2019;20(12):1574-1583. doi:10.1038/s41590-019-0466-2
  4. Fanouriakis A, Kostopoulou M, Alunno A, Aringer M, Bajema I, Boletis JN, et al. 2019 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2019;78(6):736-745. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215089
  5. Fanouriakis A, Tziolos N, Bertsias G, Boumpas DT. Update οn the diagnosis and management of systemic lupus erythematosus. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2021;80(1):14-25. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218272
  6. Rees F, Doherty M, Grainge MJ, Lanyon P, Zhang W. The worldwide incidence and prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review of epidemiological studies. Rheumatology. 2017;56(11):1945-1961. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kex260
  7. Niewold TB. Advances in lupus genetics. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2015;27(5):440–7. doi:10.1097/BOR.0000000000000203.
  8. Salgado-Galicia NA, Hernandez-Dono S, Ruiz-Gomez D, Jakez-Ocampo J, Zuniga J, Vargas-Alarcon G. The role of socioeconomic status in the susceptibility to develop systemic lupus erythematosus in Mexican patients. Clin Rheumatol. 2020;39(7):2151–61. doi:10.1007/s10067-020-05105-2.
  9. Danchenko N, Satia JA, Anthony MS. Epidemiology of systemic lupus erythematosus: a comparison of worldwide disease burden. Lupus. 2006;15(5):308-318. doi:10.1191/0961203306lu2305xx
  10. Stojan G, Petri M. Epidemiology of systemic lupus erythematosus: An update. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2018;30(2):144–50. doi:10.1097/BOR.0000000000000479.
  11. Ocampo-Piraquive V, Nieto-Aristizabal I, Canas CA, Tobon GJ. Mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus: Causes, predictors and interventions. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2018;14(12):1043–53. doi:10.1080/1744666X.2018.1549471.
  12. Lee YH, Choi SJ, Ji JD, Song GG. Overall and cause-specific mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus: an updated meta-analysis. Lupus. 2016;25(7):727-734. doi:10.1177/0961203315627202
  13. Gauderon A, Roux-Lombard P, Spoerl D. Antinuclear Antibodies With a Homogeneous and Speckled Immunofluorescence Pattern Are Associated With Lack of Cancer While Those With a Nucleolar Pattern With the Presence of Cancer. Frontiers in Medicine. 2020;7. doi:10.3389/fmed.2020.00165
  14. Applbaum E, Lichtbroun A. Novel Sjogren’s autoantibodies found in fibromyalgia patients with sicca and/or xerostomia. Autoimmun Rev. 2019;18(2):199–202. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2018.08.010.
  15. Pisetsky DS, Lipsky PE. New insights into the role of antinuclear antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2020;16(10):565–79. doi:10.1038/s41584-020-0495-0.
  16. Petri MA, Van Vollenhoven RF, Buyon J, Levy RA, Navarra SV, Cervera R. Baseline predictors of systemic lupus erythematosus flares: Data from the combined placebo groups in the phase III Belimumab trials. Arthritis Rheum. 2013;65(8):2143–53. doi:10.1002/art.38047.
  17. Takeda T, Amatsu K, Koda S, Inoue Y, Kim T, Okamura M. Clinical significance of U1-RNP immune complexes in mixed connective tissue disease and systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatol Int. 1987;7(1):7–11. doi:10.1007/BF00270448.
  18. Novak GV, Marques M, Balbi V, Gormezano NWS, Kozu K, Sakamoto AP, et al. Anti-RO/SSA and anti-La/SSB antibodies: Association with mild lupus manifestations in 645 childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmunity Reviews. 2017;16(2):132-135. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2016.12.004
  19. Unlu O, Zuily S, Erkan D. The clinical significance of antiphospholipid antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus. Eur J Rheumatol. 2016;3(2):75–84. doi:10.5152/eurjrheum.2015.15056.
  20. Aringer M, Costenbader K, Daikh D, Brinks R, Mosca M, Ramsey-Goldman R, et al. 2019 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2019;78(9):1151-1159. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-214819
  21. Mikdashi J, Nived O. Measuring disease activity in adults with systemic lupus erythematosus: The challenges of administrative burden and responsiveness to patient concerns in clinical research. Arthritis Res Ther. 2015;17:183. doi:10.1186/s13075-015-0690-y.
  22. Gladman DD, Ibanez D, Urowitz MB. Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index 2000. J Rheumatol. 2002;29(2):288–91.
  23. Isenberg DA, Rahman A, Allen E, Farewell V, Akil M, Bruce IN, et al. BILAG 2004. Development and initial validation of an updated version of the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group's disease activity index for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology. 2005;44(7):902-906. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keh624
  24. Vinuesa CG, Sanz I, Cook MC. Dysregulation of germinal centres in autoimmune disease. Nature Reviews Immunology. 2009;9(12):845-857. doi:10.1038/nri2637
  25. Chan O, Shlomchik MJ. A new role for B cells in systemic autoimmunity: B cells promote spontaneous T cell activation in MRL-lpr/lpr mice. J Immunol. 1998;160(1):51–9.
Support