β-cell Deficit Due to Increased Apoptosis Islet Cell Plasticity in Humans Type 2 Diabetes

Nithishri Kalaivanan Megaladevi; P. Megaladevi

Abstract

Beta cells (β cells) in the pancreatic islets produces insulin and the number of functional insulin-producing β-cell contributes to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes . Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by the deficiency in β-cells and increase in the levels of sugar in blood. β cells promote inflammation in obesity and type 2 diabetes. The low β-cell accumulation in Type 2 diabetes paves way to diabetes beginning. Diabetes is a progressive illness and the body may require insulin injections to reimburse for declining insulin production by the pancreas. Type 2 diabetes is much more common than type 1 diabetes, and is in fact a diverse disease. But it is similar with type 1 diabetes in soaring blood sugar levels, and the complication of high blood sugar. Although insulin resistance is a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes and the individuals have to follow their meal plan, weight loss, exercise and ant diabetic drugs do not achieve targeted blood glucose (sugar) levels otherwise they may require insulin. Thus, regulating β-cell proliferation, apoptosis, and function are inseparable processes in humans.

Abstract

Keywords