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Research and Reviews: A Journal of Health Professions Original Research

A Comprehensive Review on Premature Hair Graying: Factor Contributing, Pathogenesis, Prevention Strategies, and Natural Therapeutic

  1. Nandini R. Jadhav Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurances, SVS’s Dadashaheb Rawal Pharmacy College, Mandal Road, Dondaicha, Tal-Shindhkheda, Dhule
  2. Ghanshyam M. Chavan Department of Pharmacology, SVS’s Dadashaheb Rawal Pharmacy College, Mandal Road Dondaicha, Tal- Shindhkheda, Dhule

Abstract

Premature graying of hair (PGH), also known as early canities, is an increasingly common dermatological concern characterized by the loss of natural hair pigmentation before the expected age. Hair color is primarily determined by the quantity and type of melanin synthesized by melanocytes within the hair follicle. Disruption in melanocyte function, survival, or melanin synthesis leads to hair graying. Multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors contribute to PGH, including genetic predisposition, oxidative stress, nutritional deficiencies (notably vitamin B12, iron, copper, and folate), hormonal imbalances, autoimmune conditions, lifestyle factors such as smoking and stress, and environmental exposure. Oxidative stress plays a central role by damaging follicular melanocytes and impairing antioxidant defense mechanisms. Premature graying can have significant psychological and social impacts, especially in adolescents and young adults. This review discusses the normal physiology of hair pigmentation, pathogenesis of premature graying, differential diagnosis, clinical investigation, preventive measures, dietary and traditional remedies, and future therapeutic perspectives. Understanding the multifactorial nature of PGH is essential for early diagnosis, targeted management, and improved quality of life.

Keywords

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