STM Journals Peer-reviewed research from Consortium e-Learning Network

Journal of VLSI Design Tools and Technology

Delta Sigma Fractional N Frequency Synthesis

  1. Md. Abdul Muqueem
  2. Dr. V. Raju Reddy
  3. A. Nikitha
  4. R. Sandeepsai
  5. D. Maniteja
  6. K. Naresh

Abstract

Frequency synthesizers are fast becoming essential for several broadcast bands and circuits as communication technology hasimproved. To meet this need, the fractional N frequency synthesizer was created. This synthesizer has proven its supremacy as a noteworthyinnovation by permitting various improvements over comparable concepts. Only when it is combined with delta-sigma modulation is thispossible. This combi- national circuit enhances frequency resolution and noise performance. PLL-based frequency synthesis is often used toproduce exceptionally stable oscillators. Delta-sigma modulators are used to control the division ratio in PLL-based fractional-N frequencysynthesizers. This partially satisfies the growing demand for synthesizers that operate at non-integer multiples. To manage the division ratio ofa PLL-based fractional-N frequency synthesizer that is playing a delta-sigma modulator, system-level analysis, and transistor implementationwere carried out. Understanding how the delta-sigma modulator affected the reduction of spurious tones in the synthesizer output was the goal ofthe system-level analysis. Then, transistor-level individual circuit building blocks were created.

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