STM Journals Peer-reviewed research from Consortium e-Learning Network

Journal of Structural Engineering and Management Original Research

Seismic Risk Assessment of Soft-Story Buildings Using a Pushover Analysis Approach

  1. Dhiraj D. Ahiwale
  2. Vinay V. Chavan
  3. Rushikesh R. Khartode

Abstract

In urban India, reinforced concrete buildings with open ground stories designed for parking purposes are quite prevalent. These soft-story structures have faced severe damage and even total collapse during significant earthquakes in various regions, including the 1999 Taiwan earthquake, the 1999 Turkey earthquake, the 2003 Algeria earthquake, and the 2001 Bhuj earthquake, where approximately 1,500 medium-rise open ground-story buildings demonstrated extreme vulnerability. Given this vulnerability, the primary objective of this study is to conduct an initial seismic risk assessment of these ground-level soft stories, as stipulated by the Indian code IS 1893 (Part-1)-2016. When dealing with structures exhibiting soft-story irregularities, it is strongly recommended to employ the pushover analysis method. To carry out this analysis, we examined G+11 reinforced concrete-framed buildings featuring infill walls and open ground floors, subjecting them to progressively increasing lateral forces until reaching a predefined performance level, known as the target displacement. The outcomes of the pushover analysis were then translated into a performance point, capacity curve, and plastic hinge pattern for the structure, facilitating an initial assessment of its seismic risk.

Keywords

References (19)

  1. Ahiwale DD, R Khartode R. Evaluation Seismic Response for Soft Storey Building Retrofitted with Infill, Steel Bracing and Shear Wall. Journal of Structural Technology. 2020;05(02):1-13. doi:10.46610/jost.2020.v05i02.001
  2. Ahiwale, D.D., Khartode, R.R., and Raut, K.V. (2020). Seismic response for RC frames on sloping ground using pushover analysis. Journal of Structural Engineering and Management, 7(2), 1-10.
  3. Ahiwale DD, Kontoni DPN, Darekar PL. Seismic performance assessment of reinforced concrete frames with different bracing systems. Innovative Infrastructure Solutions. 2023;8(3). doi:10.1007/s41062-023-01071-3
  4. Applied Technology Council. (1996). ATC:40-1996: Seismic evaluation and retrofit of concrete buildings. Redwood City, California, USA.
  5. Arlekar, J., Jain, S., and Murthy, C. (1997). Seismic response of RC frame buildings with soft first storey. Proceeding of the CBRI Golden Jubilee Conference on National Hazards in Urban Habitat, New Delhi, India.
  6. Bureau of Indian Standards. (2000). IS 456-2000: Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete. New Delhi, India.
  7. Bureau of Indian Standards. (2016). IS:1893-2016: Criteria for earthquake resistant design of structures, Part-I: General provisions and buildings. New Delhi, India.
  8. Computers and Structures. (2010). SAP2000-V15: Integrated finite element analysis and design of structures. Basic Analysis Reference Manual, Berkeley, CA USA.
  9. DOLŠEK M, FAJFAR P. SOFT STOREY EFFECTS IN UNIFORMLY INFILLED REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAMES. Journal of Earthquake Engineering. 2001;5(1):1-12. doi:10.1080/13632460109350383
  10. Federal Emergency Management Agency. (2000). FEMA:356-2000: Prestandard and commentary for the seismic rehabilitation of buildings. Washington DC.
  11. Inel M, Cayci BT, Meral E. Nonlinear Static and Dynamic Analyses of RC Buildings. International Journal of Civil Engineering. 2018;16(9):1241-1259. doi:10.1007/s40999-018-0285-0
  12. Kalkan E, Kunnath SK. Assessment of current nonlinear static procedures for seismic evaluation of buildings. Engineering Structures. 2007;29(3):305-316. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.04.012
  13. Kamath K, Hirannaiah S, Noronha JCKB. An analytical study on performance of a diagrid structure using nonlinear static pushover analysis. Perspectives in Science. 2016;8:90-92. doi:10.1016/j.pisc.2016.04.004
  14. Oinam RM, Sugumar R, Sahoo DR. A Comparative Study of Seismic Performance of RC Frames with Masonry Infills. Procedia Engineering. 2017;173:1784-1791. doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2016.12.220
  15. Rodrigues H, Furtado A, Vila-Pouca N, Varum H, Barbosa AR. Seismic Assessment of a School Building in Nepal and Analysis of Retrofitting Solutions. International Journal of Civil Engineering. 2018;16(11):1573-1589. doi:10.1007/s40999-018-0297-9
  16. Van TC, Lau TL. Experimental Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Frames with Unreinforced Masonry Infills under Monotonic and Cyclic Loadings. International Journal of Civil Engineering. 2020;19(4):401-419. doi:10.1007/s40999-020-00576-7
  17. Wahab AG, Zhong T, Wei F, Hakimi N, Ahiwale DD. Seismic performance enhancement of RC framed structures through retrofitting and strengthening: an experimental and numerical study. Asian Journal of Civil Engineering. 2023;25(1):555-573. doi:10.1007/s42107-023-00794-z
  18. Yadamma, M., and Mounica, M.N. (2017). Seismic analysis of soft story building. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2(1), 199-209.
  19. Youcef M, Abderrahmane K, Benazouz C. Seismic Performance of RC Building Using Spectrum Response and Pushover Analyses. Sustainable Civil Infrastructures. 2017:158-169. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-61914-9_13
Support