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Journal of Polymer & Composites Original Research Special issue

Modelling, Simulation & Optimization of Renewable Energy-Based Hybrid Microgrid for Electrification of Rural Areas

  1. Deep Lekhwani Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai
  2. Ajay Tripathi Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government Engineering College, Raipur
  3. Deepika Kumbhkar Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Raipur
  4. Govind Sahu Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government Engineering College, Raipur
  5. Jigyasa Dhankar Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government Engineering College, Raipur
  6. Uttam Kumar Sahu Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government Engineering College, Raipur

Abstract

Rural electrification in India faces persistent challenges due to unreliable grid connectivity, elevated transmission and distribution costs, and the geographical isolation of remote communities. Insufficient access to reliable electricity constrains economic development, educational opportunities, healthcare delivery, and overall quality of life in these areas. This study details the design and simulation of an off-grid, renewable-based hybrid micro grid for two rural villages: Khirgitola in Chhattisgarh, which has an electrification rate of 45%, and Akya in Madhya Pradesh, where grid access is intermittent and inadequate for daily needs. The estimated energy demands for Khirgitola and Akya are approximately 151 kWh/day and 132 kWh/day, respectively, with peak loads arising primarily from household appliances, lighting, irrigation pumps, and community infrastructure. To address these challenges, a hybrid micro grid integrating solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, battery energy storage, and a wind turbine is proposed. The system design prioritizes reliability, sustainability, and adaptability to local resource conditions. MATLAB-based simulations are utilized to evaluate technical feasibility, incorporating real-time solar irradiance and wind data. Additionally, a techno-economic analysis using HOMER software assesses various system configurations to determine the most cost-effective and environmentally sustainable energy mix. The findings indicate that a high proportion of renewable energy can be achieved through optimized resource allocation, substantially reducing reliance on conventional fossil fuels. The proposed hybrid micro grid enhances long-term energy accessibility, affordability, and resilience, thereby supporting sustainable rural development and improving socio-economic outcomes in underserved communities.

Keywords

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