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Journal of Polymer & Composites Original Research Special issue Open Access

Study of Groundwater Quality in Shallow Tubewells of Bhubaneswar City Using WQI Method

  1. Kshyana Prava Samal Department of Civil Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar
  2. Priyanka Mishra Department of Architecture & Planning, School of Architecture & Planning, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar
  3. Ashok Tarai Department of Civil Engineering, School of Civil Engineering KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar
  4. Asish Kumar Pradhan Department of Civil Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar

Abstract

Shallow groundwater is extremely vulnerable owing to overexploitation, anthropogenic activities, and environmental effects. Declining quality of groundwater poses an enormous risk for human health and the entire ecosystem. Nearly 50 per cent urban water supply is contributed by groundwater in Indian cities. Since Bhubaneswar shares a similar scenario where 34 out of 67 wards are partially covered with municipal water supply and the residents of these areas are largely dependent on groundwater, evaluation of groundwater quality has become inevitable. In this context this study has been done for existing shallow tube wells of 50m-100m deep from 20 wards of Bhubaneswar, which are mostly used for drinking water purposes by the people of the low-income group. Around 94 samples were collected to check the physico-chemical parameters like pH, Alkalinity, Total Hardness (TH), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), and Chloride, as per Indian standards (IS 10500). The groundwater quality was evaluated for human consumption using the Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index method. Water Quality Index results showed that 12.8% of groundwater samples are very poor while 18% samples are in poor category. Quality of groundwater from all tube wells were found to be grim in ward 29 and very poor to poor in wards 12,16, 27 and 28. The scenario revealed nearly 32% groundwater is under risk of contamination by both natural and anthropogenic activities. These findings would help to formulate an efficient monitoring and management system for sustainability of groundwater resources.

Keywords

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