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Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering Original Research

Surfactant-Mediated Synthesis and Stabilization of Colloidal Nanoparticles in Aqueous Media: A Preliminary Study on Controlling Parameters

  1. Sanjay Kumar Department of Chemistry, Vallabh Government College, Mandi
  2. Samjeet Singh Thakur Department of Chemistry,NSCBM Government College Hamirpur

Abstract

Surfactants dissolved in water possess a distinctive tendency to accumulate at surfaces or interfaces, a process that involves the migration of surfactant molecules from the bulk liquid phase to the interfacial region. This adsorption tendency of surfactants is being exploited in stabilization of the Nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized through colloidal chemistry routes. In present research, preliminary studies on controlling parameters involving various surfactants has been carried out to standardized the chemical precipitation method for the synthesis of colloidal ZnS, CdS and HgS NPs in aqueous medium. Five cationic surfactants of varying hydrophobic chain length, counter ions and head group have been compared along with three anionic surfactants having different head group moieties. The aggregation tendencies of all these surfactants have been compared by determining the critical micelle concentrations (CMC) values to shortlist the most appropriate ones that may produce well dispersed spherical shaped NPs with minimum amount surfactant required. The growth rate of the NPs has been significantly controlled by the nature of surfactant. The self-aggregation of NPs has been prevented by surfactant coating at the NP surface due to changed inter-particle potential. The optimum concentrations of NPs at a particular surfactant concentration have been established through interpretation of UV-vis spectra

Keywords

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