Opportunistic fungal infections
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Curvularia spp. and Curvularia Infections: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: Curvularia spp., dematiaceous (melanin-pigmented) fungi in the family Pleosporaceae, emerge as opportunistic pathogens that cause phaeohyphomycosis, allergic fungal rhinosinusitis, and keratitis. This review dissects their pathogenesis via melanized cell walls, conferring tissue invasion, protease secretion, and immune evasion in immunocompromised hosts. Clinical manifestations span cutaneous (70%), sinopulmonary (20%), disseminated (5-10%), and CNS forms, mimicking aspergillosis or mucormycosis. Laboratory diagnosis hinges on histopathology (irregular septate hyphae, 3-8 µm, brown on Fontana-Masson), …
Published in International Journal of Fungi · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Clinical Fusariosis in India: Taxonomy, Pathogenesis, and Therapeutic Challenges
Abstract: Fusarium species are emerging opportunistic pathogens in humans, responsible for a wide spectrum of infections ranging from superficial keratitis and onychomycosis to life-threatening disseminated disease in immunocompromised hosts. Historically regarded as plant pathogens and environmental saprophytes, these hyaline moulds have become clinically relevant with the increasing use of intensive chemotherapy, haematopoietic stemcell and solidorgan transplantation, and widespread use of broadspectrum antibiotics and corticosteroids. In India, Fusarium assumes particular importance due …
Published in International Journal of Pathogens · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2026 Read article