The system of the V-belt drives was studied by means of the similarity theory in this research, and the major factors and the basic dimensions which would affect the fatigue life of V-belt were ascertained. Then the prediction hypothesis of the V-belt’s fatigue life was deduced. The theory and the method proposed in this paper would optimize testing of the fatigue lives of V-belts, and the test workload would be reduced considerably.Keywords: V-belts, fatigue life, dimensional analysis, similarity theory