Current State and Future Directions for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles

Kiran Verma; KUNAL .; Rachit Srivastava

Abstract

For the preservation of fossil fuels and the reduction of pollution for a safe environment and sustainable transportation, electric and hybrid electric vehicles (EV/HEV) are viable options. The development of these energy-efficient powertrains necessitates element, system, and management improvement. Battery management, fuel use, driver performance demand emissions, and management methods are all under control. Powertrain architecture, transmission type, power electronic converters, and energy storage systems are all included in the hardware optimization. All of these elements are discussed and examined in this overview. Future technologies and significant EV/HEV issues are also covered. In this review, ideas and recommendations that have been published are surveyed and assessed. Results of thorough research are shown in tabular format to compare the advantages and disadvantages of various approaches. Additionally, concerns with the recent findings are explored, and several ideas are offered for advancing the technology offered. This article reviews recent studies and makes recommendations. obstacles and potential of future EV/HEV research act as a resource for people who are employed in this profession.