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33 articles for “signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio”
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Machine Learning-Based Channel Estimation in 5G, Beyond-5G, and 6G Networks: Recent Advances and Future Directions
Abstract: Accurate channel estimation is one of the most fundamental challenges in modern wireless communication systems. In fifth- generation (5G) New Radio (NR) and emerging sixth-generation (6G) networks, precise knowledge of the wireless channel is essential for achieving reliable data transmission, high spectral efficiency, and low Bit Error Rate (BER). Conventional estimation techniques such as Least Squares (LS) and Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) rely on mathematical channel models and predefined …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Elimination of Noise on ECG Signal Using Adaptive Filter
Abstract: There are various biomedical signals present in the human body, by examining these biomedical signal one can check the health condition of a person who is clinically fit or not. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of them. ECG plays an important role in the primary diagnosis, prognosis and survival analysis of heart diseases. This ECG signal is corrupted by various noises like power line interference, baseline wandering etc. One way to …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 9–15 Read article
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Determining the Effect of Cutting Parameters on Surface Roughness in Turning Process Using the Taguchi Method
Abstract: This study focuses on optimizing turning parameters based on the Taguchi method to minimize surface roughness (Ra). Experiments have been conducted using the L9 orthogonal array in a CNC turning machine. Turning tests are carried out on aluminium alloy AISI 1061 with carbide cutting tools. Each experiment is repeated two times and each test uses a new cutting insert to ensure accurate readings of the surface roughness. The statistical methods …
Published in Journal of Thin Films, Coating Science Technology & Application · Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2015 · pp. 17–22 Read article
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ECG De-noising Techniques and Optimal Feature Selection Using Principle Component Analysis
Abstract: AbstractECG (Electrocardiography) is used to record and determine the condition of the heart. This paper provides an overview of various ECG de-noising techniques that are used to eliminate different type of noises; therefore, noise reduction procedure to be performed to eliminate different type of noises such as baseline wander, dc offset and high frequency interference, and then the pre-processed signal is used to extract features from the ECG signal. This …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 14–20 Read article
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Performance Analysis of Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) and Phase Noise in 4G Communication System
Abstract: For telecommunication services the dramatic shift in the market has been made in beginning of 21st century. In these days' communication network the key challenges is to integrate numerous serves, convey the additional data as expeditiously as doable through limited bandwidth and providing high information data rates. For 4G communication systems 3GPP introduced two features Higher Order Modulation and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) in OFDM system but one limiting …
Published in Journal of Telecommunication, Switching Systems and Networks · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 33–46 Read article
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Performance Analysis of FIR Digital Filter using Artificial Neural Network for ECG Signal
Abstract: AbstractIn performance of electrocardiography (ECG) signal, signal acquisition must be noise free. This paper deals with the application of the digital finite impulse response (FIR) filter on the raw ECG signal. In this paper different window techniques used to design FIR filter and their signal to noise ratio are compared. The dataset configured for multilayer perceptron (MLP) training with feed forward algorithm. Finally the MLP is trained and the results …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2013 · pp. 28–32 Read article
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Performance Analysis of DWT Based OFDM System using SRRC Filter in Mobile Wimax over Fading Environment
Abstract: AbstractWavelets amid its capability to provide simultaneous information in both time and frequency domain, along with minimization of interference and improved bandwidth efficiency, is considered broadly as an efficient approach to replace fast Fourier transform (FFT) in the conventional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Efficient filter pulses are employed spectrally in such systems in order to mitigate the effect of inter-symbol interference (ISI) as well as satisfy the bandwidth …
Published in Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Reliability-Aware Mathematical Model for Radiation-Hardened Satellite Communication Systems
Abstract: Satellite communication systems operate in radiation environments in which total ionizing dose (TID), displacement damage, and single-event effects (SEE) can progressively degrade electronic, optoelectronic, and communication components and can ultimately reduce link availability and mission reliability. This paper develops a Reliability-Aware Radiation-Hardened Satellite Communication Model (R-RHSCM) that mathematically couples the orbital radiation environment, accumulated radiation dose, component degradation, communication-link performance, single-event failure probability, redundancy, thermal effects, and adaptive mitigation. The …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 15, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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A Review on Different Techniques Used for Feature Extractions from Mammogram of Breast Cancer
Abstract: Breast cancer detection is still a complex and challenging problem. Mammogram contains low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and a complex structured background so identifying cancer tissues using this technique is a time consuming task even for expert radiologists. Therefore, there is still a need to enhance imaging in digital mammogram, where enhancement in medical imaging is the use of computers to make the image clearer. Studies show that relying on pure …
Published in Journal of Image Processing & Pattern Recognition Progress · Vol. 1, Issue 3, 2014 · pp. 9–15 Read article
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Diffusion-Based Enhancement of Low-SNR Time- Frequency Signals
Abstract: Traditional enhancing techniques are useless in low signal-to-noise ratio (LSNR) situations because noise drastically interferes with communication signals. Based on an enhanced DiffBIR model, this paper suggests a dual-stage signal improvement approach that combines diffusion with deep learning. By combining the Inception module for multi-scale feature extraction with the Pixel Fusion Attention (PFA) module for significant region highlighting, the model improves signal recovery in the time- frequency domain. Experiments show …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 15–27 Read article
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Password Protected Image Encryption and Decryption using Hybrid Technique for Data Security
Abstract: Abstract: Data security and data anti-corruption are some areas of cryptography which is under continuous research and development. In this paper, a password based protection scheme has been included in order to increase the level of security of data. Here a hybrid technique for data security has been proposed and compared with its non-hybrid counterparts which resulted in the hybrid technique giving better results for various parameters of study like …
Published in Current Trends in Signal Processing · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 17–25 Read article
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Analysis of Image Coders
Abstract: AbstractIn this paper we work on the performance analysis of well-known image compression algorithm i.e., wavelet based image compression which is Set Partition in Hierarchical Tree (SPIHT) and also no list SPIHT (NLS). As SPIHT uses three variable lists which require large hardware implementation and hence extra cost and high encoding and decoding time is required but NLS use marker instead of list which are placed on lower nodes of …
Published in Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research & Advances · Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2016 · pp. 26–30 Read article
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Reduction of Ocular Artifacts in Single Channel EEG by EEMD-IMF Thresholding
Abstract: AbstractElectroencephalogram (EEG) is a widely used signal for analyzing the activities of the brain and usually contaminated with artifacts due to the movements of eye, heart, muscles and power line interference. Among these ocular activities creates significant artifacts and makes the analysis difficult. In this paper, ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) inspired by wavelet thresholding is used for the correction of ocular artifacts (OA) in EEG signals. Unlike the conventional …
Published in Recent Trends in Electronics Communication Systems · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 17–25 Read article