All articles
42 articles
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From Space to Sea: Leveraging Satellite Technology for Monitoring Marine Debris
Abstract: Marine trash endangers ecosystems, so efficient detection is critical. This article describes a novel strategy for improving detection accuracy by integrating YOLOv7 instance segmentation with attention processes. Three models are evaluated: lightweight coordinate attention, the convolutional block attention module (CBAM) for spatial-channel focus, and the bottle neck transformer, which relies on self-attention. On an annotated satellite image dataset, CBAM has the greatest F1 scores in box recognition (77%) and mask …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Satellite Sensing in Climate Change: A Study
Abstract: Satellite sensing has become an indispensable tool in the study of climate change, providing critical data that enhances our understanding of atmospheric, terrestrial, and oceanic processes. By employing advanced remote sensing technology, satellites facilitate the collection of extensive datasets on key climate indicators, such as temperature variations, greenhouse gas concentrations, and changes in land cover. This aerial perspective allows researchers to monitor large-scale environmental changes with unparalleled precision and consistency, …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 14, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 10–19 Read article
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Hybrid Rocket Propellant Grains: A Review
Abstract: The go-to-rocket propulsion system is either solid rocket motor or liquid rocket engine, but both have their own drawbacks like solid rocket motors cannot be throttled or stopped and started again or the construction of liquid propulsion systems is quite complex, with difficulty in storage and major safety issues. A hybrid rocket propulsion system uses either fuel or oxidizer in solid form and the other in liquid and has a …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 44–51 Read article
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Enhancing Space Safety: A Review of CubeSat Constellations for Tracking Orbital Debris
Abstract: Space debris includes any human-made object in orbit or idle. Debris reentering the atmosphere or orbiting the Earth are examples of these things. Debris can include satellites or launch vehicles, dysfunctional spacecraft, remains from rockets and airplanes from crashes or explosions, debris from spacecraft and vehicles that were purposefully expelled during separation or operation, etc. The danger of collisions rises as the number of items in the path increases. Over …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 27–43 Read article
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IPR in Outer Space: Issues, Challenges, Legal Framework and Future Considerations
Abstract: Space exploration is a force of nature unto itself that no other force in society can rival”—Neil deGrasse Tyson. Whenever we hear the word outer space, the words that pop up in our mind are sun, star, galaxy, moon, meteoroids, celestials, etc. Intellectual property rights (IPR) are a key concept in the development of a nation. Therefore, to encourage the same in outer space, the foremost challenges of implementing the …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 21–26 Read article
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Analysis of the Wave Function of Perturbed Ionospheric Waves for Communication Signals
Abstract: Our daily communications and navigational systems rely on the ionospheric conditions, and this sensitive region of the atmosphere is traversed and governed by radio and global positioning system (GPS) signals which broadcast on bouncing off the ionosphere to reach their destinations. All the communication signals can be interfered with modifications because of the changes in the ionosphere's density and its composition so that large percentage of the free electrons in …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 13–20 Read article
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Flares and Fields: Sun's Impact on Earth
Abstract: This paper delves into the multifaceted motivations driving the study of the Sun, exploring its pivotal role in shaping Earth's climate, influencing space weather dynamics, and serving as a key astronomical entity in our cosmic neighborhood. Investigating the Sun as a physical laboratory, the discussion unfolds the intricate processes of nuclear fusion and magnetic fields, unveiling technological and research pursuits with potential applications in clean energy and space exploration. Examining …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 3, 2024 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Time Series Methods in Meteorology: A Review of Predictive Models and Applications
Abstract: The accurate prediction of time series data holds substantial significance in various fields, enabling informed decision-making and resource optimization. In this study, temperature variations over time are predicted using the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. Reliable temperature projections are more important now than ever because of climate change and its effects. For time series prediction problems, the ARIMA model—which is well-known for its ability to capture temporal dependencies in …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 35–46 Read article
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Sentinels of Safety: A Robotic Revolution in Autonomous Landmine Detection for Humanitarian Resilience
Abstract: Landmine Detection Robotic Vehicle Project is to create an autonomous robotic system that can identify landmines in dangerous locations. The rover navigates through a variety of terrains by using modern sensor technology, such as metal detectors and infrared photography, to detect buried landmines. The rover can distinguish between potentially dangerous items and harmless ones. The principal aim of the project is to optimise the efficacy and security of landmine removal …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 28–34 Read article
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Geospatial Measurement of Shrinking Lake Mead Using Multi-Temporal Datasets From 1987 to 2020 and Its Relationship with the Climate Change
Abstract: The study provides an overview of the relation between climate change and its harsh consequences, and thereby revealing evidence of extremes conditions such as drought. Lake Mead of USA is one such example which is a readily contracting lake. The reason is fast temperature increment, human exploitation, etc. therefore leading to jeopardized and devastating effects on life structure. GIS and Remote Sensing has emerged as an extraordinary key instrument for …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 18–27 Read article
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Advancements in Dual-Axis Sun Tracking Solar Panels: Integration and Impact of Weather Sensors
Abstract: In this document, the project suggests this article offers a thorough analysis of the technology, design, and control schemes of a rigid sensor-based dual-axis solar energy tracking system. The results of this inquiry will be valuable to solar energy technology scientists, engineers, and policy makers since they provide information about the most sophisticated dual-axis solar tracking system using hard sensors. Its potential to enhance solar tracking performance is also explored, …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 11–17 Read article
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A Machine Learning-based Analysis of Climate Change
Abstract: Climatic variations are a pressing global challenge that demands immediate and comprehensive attention. A wealth of articles has been published on climate change mitigation and adaptation, yet there remains a need for innovative methods to explore the complexities of climatic variations and to devise more efficient and effective strategies for adjustment and alleviation. With technological advancements, machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) approaches have derived significant popularity across various …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Exploring GeoAlert: An IoT Approach to Weather Station Networks
Abstract: The innovative project "Geo-Alert: IoT Based Weather Station" uses Internet of Things, or IoT, technologies to monitor and respond to environmental circumstances, such as flood hazards, weather variations, and seismic events. This system sends real-time data to the Blynk IoT cloud, enabling seamless remote monitoring and analysis. It does this by utilising a combination of specialised sensors, such as vibration sensors for earthquake detection, DHT11 and MQ series sensors for …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 27–36 Read article
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Advancements in Earth Observation Satellites: A Case Study of ISRO’s Missions
Abstract: Earth observation satellites are an essential tool for monitoring and understanding the Earth's environment, weather patterns, and natural resources. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has launched several earth observation satellites over the years, contributing significantly to this field. ISRO's earth observation satellites include the Resourcesat series, Oceansat, Cartosat, and ScatSat. These satellites are equipped with various sensors and instruments, such as multispectral cameras, microwave radiometers, and scatterometers, which provide …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 37–48 Read article
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Planetary Portraits: Understanding Astrological Charts
Abstract: Astrology, as an ancient and complex system of divination, has always held an intriguing place in human culture. This study explores the fundamental ideas behind interpreting astrological charts, with a special emphasis on planetary portraiture. The aim is to elucidate the significance of planetary positions, aspects, and their astrological interpretations in creating a comprehensive portrayal of an individual's personality traits, life events, and potential destinies. Through an exploration of astrological …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 22–26 Read article
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Smart Weather Monitoring and Forecasting System Using Machine Learning (ML)
Abstract: The Smart Weather Monitoring System & Forecasting using Machine Learning (ML) represents an innovative approach to modern weather prediction and monitoring. This system combines the capabilities of machine learning algorithms with vast sets of weather data to provide accurate and timely weather forecasts. By collecting and analyzing data points like temperature, humidity, light intensity, rainfall, and atmospheric pressure, the system can generate precise predictions for a wide range of applications. …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 12–21 Read article
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String Theory: Simplified Insights into Reality
Abstract: "String Theory: Simplified Insights into Reality" explores the fascinating realm of theoretical physics, delving into the profound principles of string theory and its implications for our understanding of the fundamental nature of the universe. The paper begins with an overview of the historical context, tracing the evolution of string theory from its inception as a theoretical framework to its current status as a leading candidate for a unified theory of …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology · Vol. 13, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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A Study on the Impact of GPS-Derived Tropospheric Delay over some Nigerian Stat
Abstract: The effect of GPS-derived tropospheric delay on radio propagation oversome Nigerian stations is examined. The stations are located in the African equatorial region, and include: Abuja (8.9°N, 7.4°E), Akure (7.3°N, 5.2°E), Enugu (6.5°N, 7.5°E), Lagos (6.5°N, 3.4°E), and Port Harcourt (4.8°N, 7.0°E). This is the first study in the African equatorial region that uses in-situ meteorology measurements as well as GPS satellite measurements to present the impact of tropospheric delay …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology Read article
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Mapping of Dangerous Glacial Lakes by Using Systematic Extraction Approach in Different Catchments of Upper Indus Basin (UIB) Pakistan
Abstract: The glaciers are nature's most valuable fresh water resource for irrigation, industry, and hydroelectric growth, as well as for the present and future needs of millions of people who live downstream. Numerous of the waterways in the HKH region receive a significant percentage of ice melt water from this solid reservoir. Many of the glaciers which consist of massive amount of permanent snow and ice are found to generate several …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology Read article
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Performance Analysis of Space Shift Keying and Quadrature Space Shift Keying for MIMO Channels
Abstract: In wireless communication the propagation channel is characterized by multipath propagation due to scattering on different obstacles. MIMO takes advantage of multi-path and uses multiple antennas to send multiple parallel signals from transmitter. “Multi-path” occurs when different signals arrive at the receiver at various times. MIMO exploits the space dimension to improve wireless systems capacity, range and reliability. There are two different modulation techniques that exploits the best features of …
Published in Research & Reviews : Journal of Space Science & Technology Read article